Seminar Nasional Teknik Kimia Kejuangan
Not a member yet
523 research outputs found
Sort by
Bioconversion of Fruit Wastes into High Economic Value of Lipids using Heterotrophic Microalgae Aurantiochytrium from Mangrove Forests of Bunyu Island, North Kalimantan
Full text linkAurantiochytrium microalgae is recognized as heterotrophic microalgae enables to produce high economic value of lipids for the use in health care industries. This research presents the production of biomass containing lipids through the bioconversion of fruit waste using Aurantiochytrium microalgae. Aurantiochytrium microalgae isolate was obtained from isolated mangrove leaves in the mangrove forest of Bunyu Island, North Kalimantan. The production process takes place in three stages, namely standing culture (SC), pre-culture (PC), and main culture. The SC and PC stages took place 48 hours respectively, while the MC took place 120 hours. The source of nutrition at the main cultivation stage (MC) used monosodium glutamate (MSG) as a nitrogen source, while the carbon source was from fruit waste. Amount of 250 grams of fruit waste was mixed and blended, added with 250 ml of water and then sonicated. The mass ratio of nitrogen source and carbon source was 1:3. The maximum of observed microalgal cell diameters for each stage were 14.5 μm (SC), 19.2 μm (PC) and 25.5 μm (MC). Produced biomass in this experiment has the characteristics of a yellow emulsion liquid, pH 6.2, fishy smell and total dissolved solids (TDS) of 4,820 ppm and a wet biomass of 68 g/
Penentuan Kondisi Operasi Optimum Ekstraksi Pewarna Alami Dari Limbah Serbuk Kayu Ulin (Eusideroxylon zwageri) Menggunakan Response Surface Method
Full text linkThe use of natural dyes is an alternative to replace synthetic dyes. One of the natural resources in Indonesia that can be used as a natural dye is wood sawdust of Ulin wood. Phytochemical analysis results showed that the extract of Ulin wood sawdust contains tannin compound, as the chemical of these sawdust is potential as a source of natural dyes. This research is to find the optimum condition of natural dye extraction from Ulin wood sawdust. Variables observed in this research are temperature, the weight ratio of sawdust to the solvent volume, and mixer rotation speed. The extraction process with a third necked flask with a stirrer, condenser, heat mantle, and with water as solvents. Natural dye content on the extract was analyzed by gravimetry. The optimization of operating variables extraction using Response Surface Method (RSM) with Box-Behnken model. The results that the optimum temperature was 90oC, the weight ratio of Ulin wood sawdust to the solvent volume was 0,25 g/mL, and the optimum mixer rotation speed was 250 rpm. In this optimum condition, the natural dye content in the extracts was 1,2054
Pengaruh Penambahan Silica Nanopartikel dan Surfaktan SLS (Sodium Lignosulfonat) terhadap Proses Adsorpsi pada Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR)
Full text linkSurfactant flooding is a chemically enhanced oil recovery (EOR) technique that removes trapped residual oil by lowering the oil-water interfacial tension. The success of surfactant flooding is strongly affected by surfactant loss through its adsorption process on reservoir mineral rocks. Surfactant adsorption is a test method to determine whether surfactant is adsorbed in the reservoir rocks. In the surfactant adsorption test, only static adsorption was carried out. The mixed-surfactant formulation used 70% surfactant SLS, 22% PFAD, and 8% 1-octanol (w/v). Mixed-surfactant concentration variations are 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1% (w/v). The IFT test results showed that the smallest IFT value at a concentration of 1% is 3.15 x 10-3 mN/M. In this research, adding silica nanoparticles (SNPs) to the mixed-surfactant solution is expected to reduce the interfacial tension (IFT) value and the amount of surfactant adsorbed in the reservoir rocks. Variations of SNPs concentration used are 0.05, 0.09, 0.15, and 0.3% (w/v). The lowest IFT test result by adding concentration SNPs of 0.09% is 2.07 x 10-4 mN/M. The adsorption test result showed that by adding SNPs with concentration 0.09% with adsorption time of 24h is effective to used for adsorption
Potensi Mikroorganisme Indigen Perairan Teluk Lampung sebagai Pendegradasi Masker Sekali Pakai (Disposable Face Mask)
Full text linkTo prevent the transmission of COVID-19, the World Health Organization recommends the implementation of health protocols including using disposable masks. The use of disposable face masks has an impact on the emergence of mask waste in aquatic environments which results in pollution of water sources by microfibers. Degradation by indigenous microorganisms can be one of the solutions for handling waste that is environmentally friendly and cost effective. In this study, bacteria were isolated from the coast of Lampung Bay which was polluted with plastic waste and masks. Bacterial isolates were characterized by morphological and biochemical tests before the selected one being used for degradation. After seven days of incubation, gravimetric analysis showed that the mask pieces increased in weight when compared to the control. However, the degradation process can be shown by the results of Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) analysis which shows damage in the form of holes on the surface of the mask when compared to the new mask and the control. SEM images also showed the presence of bacterial biomass remnants attached to the surface of the mask. Based on the results of this study, Lampung Bay indigenous microorganism isolate showed potential as a degrader of disposable face masks
Biodegradable Wet Wipes dari Sabut Kelapa Sawit (Palm Fiber) dengan Ekstrak Flavonoid Daun Kelapa Sawit Sebagai Bahan Antibakteri
Full text linkThe wet tissue currently circulating in the market is made of synthetic fibers consisting of 30% viscose fibers and 70% polyester fibers, and 90% of the wet tissue contains plastic. Indonesia\u27s palm oil industry grows annually, however. Palm fiber waste has high cellulose, useful as wet tissue raw material substitute. This study used flavonoids from palm leaves as an antibacterial material to create biodegradable wet wipes from palm fiber and evaluate their antibacterial and antiseptic effectiveness. The best characteristics of biodegradable wet wipes are obtained with a composition of 91.5% (w/w) palm coconut fiber cellulose, and a ratio (w/w) of PVA:tapioca:chitosan at every 10 mL of used VCO of 2:3:6 (1.5%:2.25%:4.5%) with variations in pulp bleaching and the method of applying the binder solution by being spread onto semi-dry tissue paper. The evaluation of wet tissue includes tests for tensile strength, color, biodegradability, phytochemical analysis, antibacterial testing, antiseptic testing, irritation testing, and pH testing. The test results showed that biodegradable wet wipes made of palm coconut fiber and flavonoid extract from palm coconut leaf at concentrations of 10%, 15%, and 20%, which have been adjusted to SNI 8526:2018 standard, have bacterial reduction effectiveness of 68.09%, 79.06%, and 89.94%, respectively
Metode Ekstraksi dan Karakterisasi Kitosan Dari Limbah Seafood : Kajian Pustaka
Full text linkSeafood waste is one of the common sources for chitosan production, such as crustaceans (shrimp, crab, and sea shells), squid cartilage, and others. Chitosan is a cationic biodegradable polymer which is biocompatible and has nontoxic properties to be applied in biological system. Chitosan, degraded from chitin, widely is used for drug delivery, tissue engineering (bone scaffold), food (coating film), agriculture (protection from harmful microorganisms), and pharmacological therapy such as an antibacterial agent for the human body. Chitosan is extracted with various methods such as chemical extraction, biological extraction, and microwave radiation extraction. Tthe characterization of chitosan can be known by percent yield, organoleptic test, dissolution, water content, and FTIR spectroscopy. The purpose of this review article is to overview the chitosan extraction method from environmental waste including the advantages and disadvantages of each method
Evaluasi Perbandingan Kinerja Attached Culture Bioreaktor dan Hybrid Membran Bioreaktor dalam Mendegradasi Air Limbah
Full text linkRestaurant wastewater is categorized as grey wastewater, which is low strength wastewater with a chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentration of <1,000 mg/L. Therefore, further treatment is necessary before it is discharged into the environment. This study focused on comparing the performance of an attached culture bioreactor and a Hybrid Membrane Bioreactor (HMBR) in degrading restaurant wastewater. The bioreactors used a mesh filter support media of 70-80 μm. The bioreactors were operated with COD feed concentration 600 ppm and HRT 13 hour, with artificial grey water waste feed consisting of sugar, urea, KH2PO4, and tapioca flour. The %COD removal achieved by the attached culture bioreactor and HMBR was 90,48% – 90,95% and 96,28%– 96,79%, the turbidity out achieved by the attached culture bioreactor and HMBR was 57,42 – 60,25NTU and 4,95 – 5,62NTU, MLSS value reached 2,36 – 2,86ppm and 2,36 – 2,86ppm. The conclusion of this research shows that the HMBR has relatively better performance than the attached culture bioreacto
Pembuatan Biokompatibel Suture Anchor Berbasis 3D Printing Filament dari Nano Hidroksiapatit Berbahan Dasar Cangkang Keong Sawah
Full text linkSuture anchor is used to attach soft tissues to the bone. One of the materials that can be used for making suture anchors is hydroxyapatite [Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2]. Hydroxyapatite (HAp) has similarities with the properties of bone minerals, so it has the potential to be used as a material for making biocompatible suture anchors. However, HAp is brittle and has poor strength, so HAp is usually combined with polymers such as composites to overcome the limitations of its mechanical properties. One of the polymers that can be used is Polycaprolactone (PCL). In this study, HAp was synthesized from rice field snail shells, due to its high calcium contents. Further, the combination of HAp and PCL in the manufacture of 3D printing filaments such as suture anchors was obtained. The variables used in this study were the mixing ratio of HAp:PCL in making filaments with a mixing ratio of 0.5:9.5; 1:9 ; 2:8. The results of various variables shows that the tensile strength most optimal composite in 7,3 % when mixing HAp:PCl is 0.5:9,5
Pengaruh Variasi Bahan Pengendap pada Proses Purifikasi Enzim Bromelin dari Bonggol Nanas (Ananas Comosus L.)
Full text linkWaste from processed pineapples (pineapple core) is currently underutilized, despite the high content of the bromelain enzyme found in the fruit. This research aims to determine the effect of precipitating agents on the purification process of bromelain enzyme production using a phosphate buffer on the resulting enzyme yield and to analyze the effect of the precipitating agents on the purification process of bromelain enzyme production using a phosphate buffer on the bromelain enzyme activity. The variables used in this study were a 0.1 M phosphate buffer, 55%; 60%; 65%; 70%; 75% aseton concentration, 5%; 10%; 15%; 20%; 25% NaCl concentration, and 60%; 65%; 70%; 75%; 80% ethanol concentration. This study will be conducted in three stages, namely Extraction, Purification, and Drying. The highest yield was obtained with 60% aseton concentration (1.44%), 65% ethanol concentration (1.42%), and 15% NaCl concentration (2.2%). The optimal enzyme activity was obtained with 60% aseton concentration (20225.616 U/gr), 65% ethanol concentration (6266.765 U/gr), and 15% NaCl concentration (2281.357 U/gr). In conclusion, the best result for producing bromelain enzyme powder from pineapple cores is by using a 60% aseton concentration solvent
Studi Recovery Tembaga pada Proses Froth Flotation dari Bijih Tembaga Papua, Indonesia dengan Variasi pH dan Konsentrasi Kolektor
Full text linkIn the process of flotation of copper-bearing ore, several factors such as the concentration of the collector used and the pH of the fluid used can have an impact. In this study, observations were made on the influence of collector concentration and pH on the recovery of copper ores from Papua, Indonesia. The ore samples were obtained from three different site. Preparation of samples were conducted by crushing and sieving to obtain solid particles with a size of +200 mesh. The fine particles then fed into froth flotation device. Froth flotation operations were carried out at different operating condition namely pH (pH 3, pH 6, and pH 9), xanthate concentration (1300, 2000, and 2600 ppm), and time (3, 5, 7, and 14 minutes). The froth and tailings were collected separately and dried in an oven at 60oC. The feed, froth, and tailings were then subjected to EDX analysis to determine their compositions. The results of the experiment showed that higher collector concentrations did not necessarily lead to increased copper recovery. The appropriate pH conditions, however, could optimize copper recovery. The optimum conditions obtained from this experiment were xanthate concentration of 2000 ppm, pH of 3, and the ore sample