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Nonce formations and their translation – an analysis of selected neologisms describing the specificity of the world depicted in the futurological congress by Stanisław Lem and their translations by Michael Kandel
No full textNiniejszy artykuł ma na celu zbadanie przetłumaczonych przez Michaela Kandela wybranych neologizmów opisujących specyfikę świata przedstawionego w Kongresie futurologicznym Stanisława Lema. We wstępie przedstawiono zarys teoretyczny dotyczący tworzenia i tłumaczenia neologizmu autorskiego. Leksemy zbadano w grupach tematycznych. Następnie, w ramach grup dokonano analizy wyrazów na poziomie słowotwórczym oraz w kontekście funkcji komunikacyjnych i artystycznych. Nasuwają się następujące wnioski: Kandel rozumiał budowę słowotwórczą i semantykę leksemów Lema, ale często rezygnował z kalk, transkrypcji czy możliwych substytutów leksykalnych. Odwołując się
do elementów pozatekstowych, poszukiwał ekwiwalencji na różnych poziomach tekstu i adaptował go do warunków, w jakich utwór miał funkcjonować w systemie docelowym.This article aims to study selected neologisms translated by Michael Kandel, which describe the specificity of the world depicted in Stanisław Lem’s The Futurological Congress. The introduction provides a theoretical outline of the creation and translation of nonce formations. The lexemes were examined in thematic groups. Then, within the groups, the words were analysed at the level of word formation and in the context of communicative and artistic functions. The following conclusions emerge: Kandel understood the structure and semantics of Lem’s lexemes, but often dispensed with calques, transcriptions or possible lexical substitutions. Referring to extra‑textual elements, he searched for equivalences at different levels of the text and adapted it to the conditions in which the work was to function in the target [email protected] Jana Kochanowskiego w KielcachLem S., Kongres futurologiczny, Kraków 2012.Lem S., The Futurological Congress, London 2017.Bednarczyk A., Rosyjskie „Solaris” Stanisława Lema, [w:] Lem i tłumacze, E. Skibińska, J. Rzeszotnik (red.), Kraków 2010, s. 103–115.Blumczyński P., Pilnikiem, kluczem czy siekierą? O tłumaczeniu Lema na angielski, [w:] Lem i tłumacze, E. Skibińska, J.Rzeszotnik (red.), Kraków 2010, s. 79–92.Csicsery‑Ronay Jr. I., The Seven Beauties of Science Fiction, Middletown 2011.Głowiński M., Nowomowa i ciągi dalsze, Kraków 2009.Gostkowska K., Fantastyczny los Lemowych neologizmów (na podstawie dwóch francuskich przekładów Cyberiady), [w:] Lem i tłumacze, E. Skibińska, J.Rzeszotnik (red.), Kraków 2010, s. 167–178.Handke R., Językowe sposoby kreowania składników fantastycznych, [w:] Spór o science fiction. Antologia szkiców i esejów o science fiction, R. Handke, L. Jęczmyk, B. Okólska (red.), Poznań 1989, s. 228–248.Handke R., Ze Stanisławem Lemem na szlakach fantastyki naukowej, Warszawa 1991.Hejwowski K., Kognitywno‑komunikacyjna teoria przekładu, Warszawa 2009.Lem S., Fantastyka i futurologia, Kraków 1973.Lem S., Sława i Fortuna: listy do Michaela Kandla 1972–1987, Kraków 2013.Newmark P., A Textbook of Translation, Hertfordshire 1988.Nida E.A., Principles of Correspondence, [w:] The Translation Studies Reader, L. Venuti (red.), London–New York 2003, s. 126–140.Pleciński J., Neologizmy autorskie w przekładzie. Vitório Káli: „Terramoto” („Trzęsienie ziemi”), [w:] Tłumaczenie – leksyka, frazeologia, styl, K. Hejwowski (red.), Warszawa 2010, s. 146–151.Salich H., Techniki i strategie tłumaczenia neologizmów autorskich, Warszawa 2018.Stockwell P., The Poetics of Science Fiction, Harlow 2000, [online], http://www.academia.edu/724531/The_Poetics_of_Science_Fiction [dostęp: 15.01.2025].Suvin D., Metamorphoses of Science Fiction: On the Poetics and History of a Literary Genre, New Haven 1979.Wojtasiewicz O., Wstęp do teorii tłumaczenia, Warszawa 1957/1996.Cambridge Dictionary, [online], http://dictionary.cambridge.org [dostęp: 15.01.2025].Merriam-Webster, [online], http://www.merriam-webster.com [dostęp: 15.01.2025].Oxford English Dictionary, [online], http://www.oed.com [dostęp: 15.01.2025].Słownik języka polskiego PWN, [online], http://sjp.pwn.pl [dostęp: 15.01.2025].URbaN DICTIONARY, [online], www.urbandictionary.com [dostęp: 15.01.2025].2914315
Russia’s war in Ukraine, European Import Substitution and Supply Chain Sustainability
Full text link• Supply chains between Ukraine, Russia and Europe have been affected either by fighting or politi-cal sanctions. European governments and firms are looking for alternative suppliers
• The German and the planned European supply chain laws require adherence to minimum social and environmental standards in procurement
• Potential alternative suppliers are identified for 18 major product groups (HS2) exported by Ukraine and Russia to the EU27
• For each product group, the sustainability profiles of the potential supplying countries are as-sessed
• Substitution of Russian exports is more difficult but may lead to improvement of EU 27 supply chain sustainability.
• This analysis provides policy makers and firms with a tool to identify supplying countries that im-prove European supply chain sustainabilit
Collateral Benefit? The war in Ukraine and Effects on European Supply Chain Sustainability
Full text link• Supply chains between Ukraine, Russia and Europe have been affected either by fighting or political
sanctions. European governments and firms are looking for alternative suppliers
• The German and the planned European supply chain laws require adherence to minimum social and
environmental standards in procurement
• Substitution of Russian exports is more difficult but may lead to improvement of EU 27 supply chain
sustainability.
• Substitution of imports from Ukraine is likely to have negative welfare effects due to trade diversion.
• EU sanctions on imports from Russia appear to improve EU supply chain sustainability.
• This analysis provides policy makers with a tool to identify supplying countries that improve European
supply chain sustainability
Wind Energy in Forests: An Analysis of Potentials and Impacts
Full text linkOnshore wind energy, the highest share of electricity production and the cheapest form of electricity in Germany has become an essential part of Germany’s aim to reach greenhouse gas neutrality in 2045. Still, its development faces social rejection due to perceived health problems that are as a result of wind turbines construction in close proximity to settlements. Forest, the second largest land use in Germany provides consistent wind resources for further expansion of wind energy generation but the social perception about wind energy in the forest is not great as forest is identified as the second largest natural carbon sink and provides some ecological benefits to humans and animals. This thesis sought to provide a quantitative comparison of the climate impact of wind turbines and forests.
Forest carbon stock of German forests was extracted from the German National Forest Inventory (NFI) database on the seven tree species and 2 species classification. The data available were the tree size and tree age. A multiple linear regression was used to estimate the influence of tree age and tree size on the carbon stock on a tree species. The model was performed using R language. The emission saving of Vestas V162-6.0 wind turbine was estimated and the results were compared to those of the results of the multiple linear regression.
It was determined that the emissions payback period of the wind turbine was seven (7) months, and the emissions avoided per year by the wind turbine was equivalent to the carbon stock of about 28 hectares of a matured forest. The research showed that both forest and wind energy are gains to climate change but in different ways and to be able to meet the climate goals, there should be a harmonious use of both resources
What makes autobiographical storytelling effective for women? Presentation at the CNU Conference on Women and Gender 2025 “Telling Women’s Stories”
Full text linkThe starting point for this 20-minute presentation is the experience that while storytelling can empower women, this is not always the case. For example, if the story being told is too far removed from the sense of self or embodied feelings, because belonging is threatened, the story may be adapted. As a result, the positive attention that the storyteller receives may not be empowering and relieving. Furthermore, the positive impact of storytelling lives and evolves through listening. True listening allows different parts of the self to be negotiated and to become aware of previously inaccessible or distorted feelings and experiences. When the listener's need for acceptance is met, processes are set in motion in which these feelings and experiences are acknowledged, reducing the need for "contact line management. Considerations from psychological self-regulation, person-centeredness, and shame research are presented for discussion
Beyond Entertainment: Analyzing Multiperspectivity in Digital Strategy Games for Educational Purposes
Full text linkCommercial strategy games are a medium for addressing and disseminating socially controversial issues and influencing social discourse. In order to assess their didactic usefulness and suitability as educational media, this article examines the extent to which they integrate multiperspectivity into their game design. In principle, the ability to adopt perspectives is essential for understanding other human beings, their views, motives, and interests, and is therefore also an important educational objective at school. If strategy games integrate multiperspectivity, they could eventually also be used as a didactic tool to develop perspective-taking skills and to deal with controversial social issues, such as climate change or urban planning, in the classroom. In order to address this research gap and assess the potential of digital strategy games for teaching multiple perspectives in the classroom, it is first necessary to examine the extent to which and the forms in which strategy games integrate multiple perspectives. For this purpose, seventeen successful titles are examined through an empirical game analysis. It is shown that in all of them, different stakeholders and their perspectives are integrated into the games. However, the number of perspectives, the scope of the perspectives presented, and their controversial nature, as well as the language design vary considerably
Parchment Preservation State of the Prayer Book of Mary of Guelders
Full text linkIlluminated medieval manuscripts are of outstanding value and their preservation is of great importance, not only because of their beauty but also because of the information they contain about medieval society. This work focuses on the evaluation of the parchment's state of preservation of the Prayer book of Mary of Guelders, which comprises about 600 folios. The knowledge gained should support the decision-making process regarding suitable conservation measures. An assessment of the preservation state of the parchment was performed from the macro- down to the microscale. Optical observations of cracks in the parchment and colour measurements preceded chemical analyses. The hydrothermal stability of the fibres was evaluated by means of observations using a micro hot table (MHT). The chemical state of preservation of parchment was evaluated using Laboratory-based Fourier transform (FT) Infrared (IR) analysis in reflection mode as well as synchrotron FTIR imaging in transmission mode at the IRIS beamline at BESSY II/ HZB in Berlin. The study allowed the conclusion that the parchment of the Prayer book of Mary of Guelders was in good state of preservation and indicated that the parchment changes were mainly caused by mechanical stress on the folios due to tight binding of the book and not by chemical processes
Momente. Alltagsorientierte politische Bildung. Neue Perspektiven für die Offene Kinder- und Jugendarbeit
Full text linkDas kooperative Praxisforschungsprojekt „momente. Politische Bildung und Offene Kinder- und Jugendarbeit in NRW“ des Forschungsschwerpunkts Nonformale Bildung an der TH Köln hat mit der Veröffentlichung einer Handreichung abgeschlossen. Sie liefert sowohl theoretisch-konzeptionelle als auch anwendungsorientierte Anregungen für eine alltagsorientierte politische Bildung für und in der Offenen Kinder- und Jugendarbeit. Die Handreichung ist in erster Linie als Arbeitshilfe für die Fachpraxis konzipiert
Influence of the Oscillation Parameters Amplitude and Frequency on the Microstructure of Laser-Welded Thin Nitinol Foils
Full text linkLaser welding has become well established for joining Ni-Ti-based shape memory alloys and extends the manufacturability of highly functional components with complex geometries. Published studies on the effect of laser welding on alterations to microstructure and properties of these alloys, however, mainly deal with conventional component dimensions and linear laser beam movement. In view of the increasing importance of microtechnology, research into joining of thin-walled Ni-Ti components is therefore of interest. At the same time, studies comparing oscillating and linear beam movement on other materials and the authors’ own work on Ni-Ti materials suggest that oscillating beam movement has a more favorable effect on alterations in material properties and microstructure. Therefore, laser welding of foils made of Ni55/Ti45 with 125 µm thickness was systematically analyzed using a fiber laser and circular oscillation. Amplitude A and frequency f were varied from 0 to 200 µm and 0 to 2000 Hz, respectively. Microstructural analysis showed that by increasing the frequency, grain refinement could be achieved up to a certain value of f . An increasing amplitude led to decreasing hardness values of the weld seam, while the influence of f was less pronounced. The analysis of the weld material using chip calorimetry (Flash DSC) revealed that the beam oscillation had fewer effects on the change in transformation points compared to a linear beam movement
Transformation of Perturbations in Supersonic Gas Flow Subject to Oblique Shock Wave
Full text linkIn a supersonic flow, disturbances of different parameters arise. These perturbations can have a significant impact on the interaction of the flow with the surface. When gas flow passes through a shock wave, perturbations are transformed depending on the initial parameters of the flow. Therefore, it is important to be able to correctly assess the intensity of these transformations. In this work, for the first time, a method has been proposed that allows us to estimate the dynamics of variation of disturbances of flow parameters when passing through an oblique shock wave. The influence of the shock wave inclination angle β, Mach number, intensity of disturbances of velocity, density, temperature, and pressure in front of the shock wave on perturbations of the flow parameters behind the shock wave was investigated. The Mach numbers ranged from 1.2 to 10 and the shock wave inclination angle varied from 15° to 90°. It was shown that the interaction of a supersonic gas flow with an oblique shock wave has a significant effect on the transformation of the perturbations of the flow parameters. The perturbations of temperature and pressure behind the shock wave increase significantly with the increasing angle β and Mach number in front of the shock wave. With the increasing Mach number, the velocity perturbations behind the shock wave first increase, then decrease, passing through a maximum, and afterwards the flow becomes more stable