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The vocabulary of common usage in Georgian and Polish
No full textCelem pracy jest poznanie polsko-gruzińskiej relacji językowej, w szczególności słownictwa ogólnego. Badanie opiera się na danych dostępnych w przestrzeni słownictwa. Wskazując pochodzenie zapożyczenia, ograniczamy się do danych słowników; przy interpretacji jednostek leksykalnych opieramy się głównie na Słowniku języka gruzińskiego w ośmiu tomach, a także jego nowym wydaniu w trzech tomach oraz Słowniku wyrazów obcych M. Chabashvili; aby uniknąć nieścisłości, używamy terminu „słownictwo ogólne“. W wyniku analizy porównawczej polsko-gruzińskiego słownictwa ogólnego użytku wyróżniamy następujące przypadki: a) gdy zarówno semantyka, jak i struktura terminów w porównywanych językach są identyczne; b) gdy tylko semantyka terminów w obu językach jest identyczna, ale ich struktura jest inna; c) gdy polsko-gruzińskie odpowiedniki są terminami równoległymi; d) gdy częściowe różnice strukturalne między gruzińskimi i polskimi zapożyczeniami w słowniku ogólnego użytku wynikają z fonetyki. Materiał zebrany na podstawie dwujęzycznych słowników objaśniających, słowników wyrazów obcych oraz innego rodzaju słowników i rozmówek jest dość bogaty i różnorodny. O ile nam wiadomo, komparatystyczne badania polsko-gruzińskich relacji językowych nie były dotychczas prowadzone, więc można liczyć, że praca ta będzie nowatorska.The paper aims to study Georgian-Polish linguistic relations, in particular, the vocabulary of common usage. The research is based on the data available in the dictionary pace. When referring to the origin of borrowed words, I will confine myself to dictionary data only. When defining lexical units, I mainly rely on the eight-volume dictionary of the Georgian language, as well as the updated 3 volumes, and Dictionary of Foreign Words by M. Chabashvili. I use the term „ vocabulary of common usage” to avoid inaccuracies. As a result of a comparative analysis of Georgian-Polish common usage vocabulary, I will single out several cases: a) when the semantics and structure of the terms of both languages are identical; b) when the semantics of terms in both languages are identical and the structure is different; c) when Georgian-Polish equivalents are parallel terms in Georgian; d) when the partial structural difference between the Georgian-Polish equivalent terms is phonetically determined.
The material obtained in bilingual explanatory dictionaries and dictionaries of foreign words, as well as in other kinds of dictionaries and conversations is quite rich and varied. As far as I know, these studies have not been conducted yet. Thus, the following paper will be a kind of novelty in the study of Georgian-Polish linguistic relations.Rusudan Saginidze – Doctor of Philology, Professor Akaki Tseretely State University Kutaisi, Georgia. Vocabulary of common usage in Georgian and Polish languages. The aim of our paper is to study Georgian-Polish linguistic relations, in particular, vocabulary of common usage. The research is based on the data available in the dictionary space.Państwowy Uniwersytet im. Akakiego Ceretelego w Kutaisi, GruzjaКаросанидзе Л. Терминология – завтрашний день грузинского языка // Сб. Вопросы терминологии. – Тбилиси: Тбилисский государственный университет имени Иванэ Джавахишвили, Институт языкознания имени Арнольда Чикобава, 2014 (На грузинском языке).Нормы современного грузинского литературного языка. Сборник. – Тбилиси: Мецниереба, 1986 (На грузинском языке).Оцхели В. Основы литературной компаративистики. – Кутаиси: Изд-во ГУАЦ, 2011 (На грузинском языке).Сарджвеладзе З. Введение в историю грузинского литературного языка. – Тбилиси: Ганатлеба, 1984 (На грузинском языке).Чикобава Арн. Введение в языкознание. – Тбилиси: Изд-во ТГУ, 1952 (На грузинском языке).Грош – стартап молодой пары аксессуаров ручной работы из натуральной кожи, BusnesPressNews: https://www.bpn.ge/article/41336-groshi-axalgazrda-cqvilis-naturaluri-tqavis gan-damzadebuli-xelnaketi-aksesuarebis-startapi/) (На грузинском языке).Грузинский диалектный корпус: http://corpora.co/#/corpus.Закон Грузии о высшем образовании, гл. I, статья 2. Толкование терминов: https://matsne.gov.ge/document/view/32830?publication=75 (На грузинском языке).Новаковска Магдалена. Переводы с грузинского на польский…: http://www.bookplatform.org/images/activities/359/georgiantopolishtranslationsstudy_ge1.pdf (На грузинском языке).Новости – 2018–10-08. Автор: Ирина Макаридзе: http://newpress.ge/qutaisshi-rustavelis-quchaze-skvers-rackevichis-saxeli-mieniweba). (На грузинском языке).Словарь гражданского образования: http://www.nplg.gov.ge/gwdict/index.php?a=term&d =6&t=19552 (На грузинском языке).Толковый словарь библиотечных терминов: http://www.nplg.gov.ge/gwdict/index.php?a=term&d=10&t=6027 (На грузинском языке).Толковый словарь грузинского языка, в восьми томах (ТСГЯ): https://www.ice.ge/liv/liv/ganmartebiti.php (На грузинском языке).Универсальный энциклопедический словарь: http://www.nplg.gov.ge/gwdict/index.php?a=term&d=14&t=117792 (На грузинском языке).Чабашвили М. Словарь иностранных слов. – Тбилиси: Ганатлеба, 1989: http://www.nplg.gov.ge/gwdict/index.php?a=index&d=3 (На грузинском языке).Чапидзе Г. Грузинско-польский разговорник. – Тбилиси: Колори, 2013: http://dspace.nplg.gov.ge/bitstream/1234/18102/1/Qartul_Polonuri_Sasaubro.pdf (На грузинском языке).23524
Degradation of Benzotriazole UV Stabilizers in PAA/d-Electron Metal Ions Systems—Removal Kinetics, Products and Mechanism Evaluation
No full textBenzotriazole UV stabilizers (BUVs) have gained popularity, due to their absorption properties in the near UV range (200–400 nm). They are used in the technology for manufacturing plastics, protective coatings, and cosmetics, to protect against the destructive influence of UV radiation. These compounds are highly resistant to biological and chemical degradation. As a result of insufficient treatment by sewage treatment plants, they accumulate in the environment and in the tissues of living organisms. BUVs have adverse effects on living organisms. This work presents the use of peracetic acid in combination with d-electron metal ions (Fe2+, Co2+), for the chemical oxidation of five UV filters from the benzotriazole group: 2-(2-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)benzotriazole (UV-P), 2-tert-butyl-6-(5-chloro-2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-4-methylphenol (UV-326), 2,4-di-tert-butyl-6-(5-chloro2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)phenol (UV-327), 2-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-4,6-di-tert-pentylphenol (UV-328), and 2-(2H-benzotriazol-2-yl)-4-(1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl)phenol (UV-329). The oxidation procedure has been optimized based on the design of experiments (DoE) methodology. The oxidation of benzotriazoles follows first order kinetics. The oxidation products of each benzotriazole were investigated, and the oxidation mechanisms of the tested compounds were proposed.Dariusz Kiejza: [email protected] Karpińska: [email protected] Kiejza - Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Bialystok, Ciołkowskiego 1K St.,15-245 Białystok, PolandJoanna Karpińska - Department of Analytical and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bialystok, Ciołkowskiego 1K St., 15-245 Białystok, PolandUrszula Kotowska - Department of Analytical and Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Bialystok, Ciołkowskiego 1K St., 15-245 Białystok, PolandUV Absorbers Market Global Forecast to 2022|MarketsandMarkets. Available online: https://www.marketsandmarkets.com/Market-Reports/uv-absorber-market-39452163.html (accessed on 26 February 2022).UV Stabilizers. 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Degradation of Organic Compounds by Peracetic Acid Activated with Co3O4: A Novel Advanced Oxidation Process and Organic Radical Contribution. Chem. Eng. J. 2020, 394, 124938.Rokhina, E.V.; Makarova, K.; Lahtinen, M.; Golovina, E.A.; Van As, H.; Virkutyte, J. Ultrasound-Assisted MnO2 Catalyzed Homolysis of Peracetic Acid for Phenol Degradation: The Assessment of Process Chemistry and Kinetics. Chem. Eng. J. 2013, 221, 476–486.Wang, J.; Xiong, B.; Miao, L.; Wang, S.; Xie, P.; Wang, Z.; Ma, J. Applying a Novel Advanced Oxidation Process of Activated Peracetic Acid by CoFe2O4 to Efficiently Degrade Sulfamethoxazole. Appl. Catal. B Environ. 2021, 280, 119422.Wang, J.; Wang, Z.; Cheng, Y.; Cao, L.; Bai, F.; Yue, S.; Xie, P.; Ma, J. Molybdenum Disulfide (MoS2): A Novel Activator of Peracetic Acid for the Degradation of Sulfonamide Antibiotics. Water Res. 2021, 201, 117291.Zhou, X.; Hao, W.; Zhang, L.; Liang, B.; Sun, X.; Chen, J. Activation of Peracetic Acid with Lanthanum Cobaltite Perovskite for Sulfamethoxazole Degradation under a Neutral PH: The Contribution of Organic Radicals. Molecules 2020, 25, 2725.Wang, S.; Wang, H.; Liu, Y.; Fu, Y. Effective Degradation of Sulfamethoxazole with Fe2+-Zeolite/Peracetic Acid. Sep. Purif. Technol. 2020, 233, 115973.Liu, Y.S.; Ying, G.G.; Shareef, A.; Kookana, R.S. Occurrence and Removal of Benzotriazoles and Ultraviolet Filters in a Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant. Environ. Pollut. 2012, 165, 225–232.Chen, X.; Wang, J.; Chen, J.; Zhou, C.; Cui, F.; Sun, G. Photodegradation of 2-(2-Hydroxy-5-Methylphenyl)Benzotriazole (UV-P) in Coastal Seawaters: Important Role of DOM. J. Environ. Sci. (China) 2019, 85, 129–137.Pavanello, A.; Gomez-Mendoza, M.; de la Peña O’Shea, V.A.; Miranda, M.A.; Marin, M.L. Degradation of Benzotriazole UVStabilizers in the Presence of Organic Photosensitizers and Visible Light: A Time-Resolved Mechanistic Study. J. Photochem. Photobiol. B Biol. 2022, 230, 112444.Kim, J.; Zhang, T.; Liu, W.; Du, P.; Dobson, J.T.; Huang, C.H. Advanced Oxidation Process with Peracetic Acid and Fe(II) for Contaminant Degradation. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2019, 53, 13312–13322.El-Asmy, H.A.; Butler, I.S.; Mouhri, Z.S.; Jean-Claude, B.J.; Emmam, M.S.; Mostafa, S.I. Zinc(II), Ruthenium(II), Rhodium(III), Palladium(II), Silver(I), Platinum(II) and MoO(2+)/2 Complexes of 2-(20-Hydroxy-50-Methylphenyl)-Benzotriazole as Simple or Primary Ligand and 2,20-Bipyridyl, 9,10-Phenanthroline or Triphenylphosphine as Secondary Ligands: Structure and Anticancer Activity. J. Mol. Struct. 2014, 1059, 193–201.Alfassi, Z.B.; Schuler, R.H. Reaction of Azide Radicals with Aromatic Compounds. Azide as a Selective Oxidant. J. Phys. Chem. 1985, 89, 3359–3363.McKeown, E.; Waters, W.A. The Oxidation of Organic Compounds by “Singlet” Oxygen. J. Chem. Soc. B Phys. Org. 1966, 1040–1046.Lai, H.J.; Ying, G.G.; Ma, Y.B.; Chen, Z.F.; Chen, F.; Liu, Y.S. Occurrence and Dissipation of Benzotriazoles and Benzotriazole Ultraviolet Stabilizers in Biosolid-Amended Soils. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2014, 33, 761–767.Brandt, M.; Becker, E.; Jöhncke, U.; Sättler, D.; Schulte, C. A Weight-of-Evidence Approach to Assess Chemicals: Case Study on the Assessment of Persistence of 4,6-Substituted Phenolic Benzotriazoles in the Environment. Environ. Sci. Eur. 2016, 28, 1–14.Wu, J.; Xiong, Q.; Liang, J.; He, Q.; Yang, D.; Deng, R.; Chen, Y. Degradation of Benzotriazole by DBD Plasma and Peroxymonosulfate: Mechanism, Degradation Pathway and Potential Toxicity. Chem. Eng. J. 2020, 384, 123300.Luukkonen, T. New Adsorption and Oxidation-Based Approaches for Water and Wastewater Treatment; Studies Regarding Organic Peracids, Boiler-Water Treatment, and Geopolymers, University of Oulu Graduate School; University of Oulu, Faculty of Science: Oulu, Finland, 2016.11
“And you stand above the all – you saint pure Cassian”. Jarosław Iwaszkiewicz on Czesław Miłosz
No full textThe diaries, letters, and poems of Jarosław Iwaszkiewicz are valuable documents bringing a rich portrayal of Czesław Miłosz. The author of Dionizje helped the young poet to form a unique voice and develop writing skills. Iwaszkiewicz admitted Miłosz to his symbolic poetic school and noticed immediately a big progress of his pupil. Yet, the young man soon became a literary partner and rival in a short time. The relationship between both poets resembles the relationship between Daedalus and Icarus, a master and a student, an experienced person and a visionary. This relationship went through many stages: the time of sharing of poetic experience, physical fascination, friendship, literary rivalry, emigration separation, and the disagreement resulting from political differences.JOANNA GODLEWSKA, mgr, absolwentka filologii polskiej i kulturoznawstwa na Uniwersytecie w Białymstoku, doktorantka Katedry Badań Filologicznych „Wschód – Zachód” na Wydziale Filologicznym UwB; przygotowuje rozprawę doktorską poświęconą kreacjom mitycznym w poezji Jarosława Iwaszkiewicza. Autorka szeregu artykułów, w tym: Apollińskość w „Pieśniach” Konstantego Ildefonsa Gałczyńskiego („Bibliotekarz Podlaski” 2019). Współredaktorka tomu: „Topos”: pismo literackie, idee, środowisko. Studia (z J. Ławskim, Kraków 2021).Katedra Badań Filologicznych „Wschód – Zachód”, Uniwersytet w BiałymstokuA.J. Wieczorkowski nie żyje, http://www.wolnaeuropa.pl/index.php?id=311&id2=274, [dostęp online: 30.06.2020 r.].Czabanowska-Wróbel A., Utopia powtórzenia. Powtórzenie, podmiotowość, pamięć w literaturze modernizmu, tu: Odnalezione mapy. Miłosz – Zagajewski – Różycki, Kraków 2019.Czachowski K., Najnowsza polska twórczość literacka 1935–1937 oraz inne szkice krytyczne, Lwów 1938.Dedykacje dla Jarosława Iwaszkiewicza, wybór i układ E. A. Cieślak, „Twórczość” 1994, nr 2.Franaszek A., Miłosz. Biografia, Kraków 2011.„Gazeta Uniwersytecka. Pismo Społeczności Akademickiej Uniwersytetu Gdańskiego”, wyd. specjalne: Świat Miłosza, red. K. Wojan, współpraca Z. Kaźmierczyk, nr 6 (170), Gdańsk 2021.Iwaszkiewicz J., Dzienniki 1911–1955, oprac. i przypisy A. i R. Papiescy, Wstępem opatrzył A. Gronczewski, Warszawa 2010.Iwaszkiewicz J., Dzienniki 1956–1963, oprac. i przypisy A. i R. Papiescy, R. Romaniuk, wstępem opatrzył A. Gronczewski, Warszawa 2010.Iwaszkiewicz J., Książka moich wspomnień, Warszawa 1975.Iwaszkiewicz J., Marginalia, koncepcję wydania opracowali: M. Iwaszkiewicz, P. Kądziela i L.B. Grzeniewski, Warszawa 1993.Iwaszkiewicz, J., Wiersze, t. 1, Warszawa 1977.Iwaszkiewicz, J., Wiersze, t. 2, Warszawa 1977.Iwaszkiewicz J., Miłosz Cz., Portret podwójny, wybór tekstów, ich układ i red. B. Toruńczyk, Warszawa 2011.Kwiatkowski J., Poezja Jarosława Iwaszkiewicza na tle dwudziestolecia międzywojennego, Warszawa 1975.Ligarski S., Kongres Kultury Polskiej, http://www.polska1918–89.pl/pdf/kongres-kultury-polskiej,3005.pdf, [dostęp online: 30.06.2020 r.].Matyskieła J., Czesław Miłosz – Jarosław Iwaszkiewicz. Dzieje osobistych i literackich relacji, Białystok 2013.Miłosz Cz., Kompozycja, Podróż, „Alma Mater Vilniensis. Czasopismo Akademickie” 1930, z. 9, s. 56, 57.Miłosz Cz., Nie mając do nikogo szczególnej pretensji..., „Apokryf”, dodatek do czasopisma „Tygodnik Powszechny. Katolickie Pismo Społeczno-Kulturalne” 2001, nr 16 (26), http://www.
tygodnik.com.pl/apokryf/09/milosz1.html [dostęp online 2.03.2020 r.].Miłosz Cz., Zaraz po wojnie – korespondencja z pisarzami 1945–1950, Kraków 1998.Nurowska M., Sergiusz, Czesław, Jadwiga, Warszawa 2013.Ritz G., Jarosław Iwaszkiewicz. Pogranicza nowoczesności, tłum. A. Kopacki, Kraków 1999.Romaniuk R., Inne życie. Biografia Jarosława Iwaszkiewicza, t. 1, Warszawa 2012.Woźniak-Łabieniec M., „Pióro na mustrze”. „Nowiny Literackie” w dokumentach cenzury, w: „Pamiętnik Literacki” CV, 2014, z. 1, s. 187, http://rcin.org.pl/Content/64069/WA248_81883_P-
-I–30_wozniak-pioro_o.pdf, [dostęp online 30.10.2019 r.].Wójcik T., Pociecha mieszka w pięknie. Studia o twórczości Jarosława Iwaszkiewicza, tu: Iwaszkiewicz – Miłosz. Dialog dwóch poetów, Warszawa 1998.5019921
Kafka in Jerusalem: notes on the testaments betrayed, the battle for manuscripts, and the National Library of Israel
No full textThe article discusses the court battle over the right to Franz Kafka’s manuscripts, which took place between the National Library of Israel, the German Literature Archive in Marbach, and the holder of the writer’s archive, Eva Hoffe (1933–2018). The case dealt with fundamental issues: the clear distinction between intellectual property and private property, the definition of heritage, the resolution of the contradiction between the will of the deceased, the necessity, or even duty, to protect and preserve his legacy, etc. In the background was the question of who Kafka was as a writer and whether his literary output belonged to German or Jewish literature.JACEK PARTYKA – dr, pracuje jako adiunkt w Kolegium Literaturoznawstwa na Wydziale Filologicznym Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku, gdzie prowadzi seminaria i kursy z historii literatury amerykańskiej. Jego zainteresowania badawcze obejmują amerykańską poezję modernistyczną i postmodernistyczną, odniesienia do Zagłady w prozie amerykańskiej, oraz wykorzystanie materiałów archiwalnych w tekście literackim. Jest autorem licznych prac, m.in. na temat Charlesa Reznikoffa, W. H. Audena, Susan Howe, Edwarda Lewisa Wallanta, oraz Petera Weissa.Uniwersytet w BiałymstokuAderet O., Preserving or Looting Palestinian Books in Jerusalem, „Haaretz”, 7 grudnia 2012, https://www.haaretz.com/.premium-preserving-or-looting-palestinian-books-in-jerusalem-1.5300200.Amit G., Ex-Libris: Chronicles of the Theft, Preservation, and Appropriating at the Jewish National Library [oryg. w języku hebrajskim], Van Leer Institute in West, Jerusalem 2014.Amit G., Salvage or Plunder? Israel’s “Collection” of Private Palestinian Libraries in West Jerusalem, “Journal of Palestine Studies”, vol. 40, no. 4, 2011, s. 6–23.Balint B., Ostatni proces Kafki, tłum. K. Kurek, Warszawa 2019.Binder H., Franz Kafka and the Weekly Paper „Selbstwehr”, „The Leo Beck Institute Year Book”, vol. 12, issue 1, 1967, 135–148.Bourdieu P., Dystynkcja. Społeczna krytyka władzy sądzenia, tłum. P. Biłos, Warszawa 2000.Brod M., Max Brod on Franz Kafka. [online] www.youtube.com/watch?v=v8iN-npP5 tc4, November 14, 2019. Dostęp 2 marca 2022.Brod M., Franz Kafka. Opowieść biograficzna, tłum. T. Zabłudowski, Warszawa 1982.Bruner B., The Great Bank Robbery, 2012, https://www.haaretz.com/.premium-pre-serving-or-looting-palestinian-books-in-jerusalem-1.5300200.Butler J., Who Owns Kafka? [online] www.youtube.com/watch?v=234npiDz-SE&t=2s,February 16, 2015 [dostęp: 2 marca 2022].Canetti E., Drugi Proces. Kafki listy do Felicji, [w:] F. Kafka, Listy do Felicji i inne z lat 1912–1916, t. 2, tłum. I. Krońska, Warszawa 1976, s. 427–529.Chazanowicz J., Żydowska Biblioteka Narodowa, [w:] Żydzi wschodniej Polski, Seria I. Świadectwa i interpretacje, red. B. Olech i J. Ławski, Białystok 2013, s. 51–56.Central Bureau of Statistics, www.cbs.gov.il.Courthouse News Service. https://www.courthousenews.com/israel-gets-missing-kafka-papers-ending-long-legal-battle.Grözinger K. E., Kafka a Kabała. Pierwiastek żydowski w dziele i myśleniu Franza Kafki, tłum. J. Guntner, Kraków 2006.Kafka F., Dzienniki 1909–1923, tłum. Ł. Musiał, Łódź 2022.Kafka F., Listy do Felicji i inne z lat 1912–1916, t. 1, tłum. I. Krońska, Warszawa 1976.Kundera M., Zdradzone testamenty. Esej, tłum. M. Bieńczyk, Warszawa 2015.Lerman A., The Kafka Legacy: Who Owns Jewish Heritage?, “Guardian”, July 22, 2010. [online] www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2010/jul/22/kafka-legacy-israel [dostęp: 23 lutego 2022].Löw R., Rzecz o Józefie Chazanowiczu – lekarzu białostockim, [w:] Żydzi wschodniej Polski, Seria I. Świadectwa i interpretacje, red. B. Olech i J. Ławski, Białystok 2013, s. 39–44.Mack M. i Balint B., Jerusalem. City of the Book, New Haven & London 2019.Morris B., The Birth of the Palestinian Refugee Problem 1947–1949, Cambridge 1989.Parmet H. L., The Jewish Essence of Franz Kafka, “Shofar”, vol. 13, no 2, 1995, s. 28–43.Raz-Krakotzkin A., Exile Within Sovereignty: Critique of ‘The Negation of Exile’ in Israeli Culture, [w:] The Scaffolding of Sovereignty, red. Z. Ben-Dor Benite, S. Geroulanos et al, New York 2017, s. 393–420.Roth P., Kafka Would Have Savored the Irony of Being a German Treasure, “New YorkTimes”, November 27, 1988, section 4, s. 14.Rivlin R. (2017). New National Library Cornerstone Ceremony [online] https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SwsEDumLXpY&t=1920s [dostęp: 22 kwietnia 2022].Sahuvi N., Żydowska Biblioteka Narodowa, [w:] Żydzi wschodniej Polski, Seria I. Świadectwa i interpretacje, red. B. Olech i J. Ławski, Białystok 2013, s. 51–56.Sebald W. G., Prawo hańby. Władza, mesjanizm i wygnanie w „Zamku” Kafki, [w:] tegoż, Opis nieszczęścia. Eseje o literaturze, tłum. M. Łukasiewicz, Wrocław 2019, s. 103–122.Segev T., 1949: The First Israelis, New York 1998.Sokel W. H., Kafka as a Jew, “New Literary History”, vol. 30, issue 4, 1999, s. 837–853.Scholem G., Żydzi i Niemcy. Eseje, listy, rozmowa, tłum. M. Zawanowska i A. Lipszyc, Sejny 2006.Stach R., Kafka. Wczesne lata 1883–1911, tłum. R. Wojnakowski, 2021.Trucco T., A Kafka Manuscript Is Sold for $1.98 Million, “New York Times”, November 18, 1988, section C, s. 30.37538
A Possible Exit Strategy from the ‘Halloumi Affair’: How to Solve Problems with CETA Ratification
No full textThis article explores the importance of geographical indications within the new trade policy of the European Union, using the example of the CETA and the dispute over Cypriot halloumi cheese. The authors point out that geographical indications occupy an important place within the European Commission’s negotiating strategy primarily because of their significance for the EU economy. In negotiations with third countries, such as Canada, a crucial problem is the diff erent approaches to the
protection of typical regional products. Therefore, the Union is trying to transfer its internal solutions to the international level. The detail of regulations, combined with the mixed nature of new trade agreements, makes trade policy vulnerable to blackmail by individual EU Member States. According to the authors, a reasonable solution to this problem – which was highlighted by Cyprus’s veto of the CETA – is to rely on the treaty provisions and the judgements of the Court of Justice of the EU. These
indicate the exclusive competence of the EU in this area and impose an obligation on EU Member States to cooperate sincerely.Vito Rubino – profesor nadzwyczajny na Uniwersytecie East Piedmont we Włoszech.Filip Tereszkiewicz – doktor, adiunkt w Instytucie Nauk Politycznych i Administracji Uniwersytetu Opolskiego.Vito Rubino - University of East Piedmont, ItalyFilip Tereszkiewicz - University of Opole, PolandBosse-Platiere I. and Rapoport C. (eds.), The Conclusion and Implementation of EU Free Trade Agreements. Constitutional Challenges, Cheltenham/Northampton 2019.Coscia G., The International Framework of GIs and DOs Protection and the European Approach, “Studi sull’integrazione europea” 2009, no. 3.Cottier T., Intellectual Property and Mega-Regional Trade Agreements: Progress and Opportunities Missed, (in:) S. Griller, W. Obwexer and E. Vranes (eds.), Mega-Regional Trade Agreements. CETA, TTIP and TiSA, Oxford 2017.Foster P., Brunsden J., UK Pushes Back on Brexit Promises on EU Regional Trademarks, ‘Financial Times’ 2 April 2020, https://www.ft .com/content/a53e81a0-b2bd-4da8-a6ce-28904fa9879a.Glavanits J., Dispute Resolution That Divides: Th e EU–USA Conflict on Investment-State Dispute Resolution, “Białostockie Studia Prawnicze” 2020, vol. 25, no. 3.Hübner K., Deman A.-S. and Balik T., EU and Trade Policy-Making: The Contentious Case of CETA, “Journal of European Integration” 2017, vol. 39, no. 7.Huysmans M., Exporting Protection: EU Trade Agreements, Geographical Indications, and Gastronationalism, “Review of International Political Economy” 2020.Ludwikowski R.R., Overview of the Trade Relations Between the European Community/Union and the
United States at the Threshold of Globalization and Post-Globalization Era, “Białostockie Studia Prawnicze” 2020, vol. 25, no. 3.Malkoutzis N., CETA, Feta and Trade Deal Difficulties, “Ekathimerini” 23 October 2016, https://www.
ekathimerini.com/213096/article/ekathimerini/business/ceta-feta-and-trade-deal-diffi culties.Melo Araujo B.A., The EU Deep Trade Agenda. Law and Policy, Oxford 2016.Neframi E., The Duty of Loyalty: Rethinking Its Scope Through Its Application in the Field of EU External Relations, “Common Market Law Review” 2010, vol. 47, no. 2.Parliament of Cyprus Refuses Ratifying EU-Canada CETA Agreement, 3 August 2020, https://www.iisd.
org/itn/en/2020/10/05/ceta-faces-hurdle-aft er-cypriot-parliament-fails-to-ratify-the-agreement.Pelkmans J., Business Dimensions of EU’s New FTAs, “Journal of European Integration” 2017, vol. 39, no. 7.Puntscher Riekmann S., The Struggle For and Against Globalisation: International Trade Agreements
and the Democratic Question, (in:) S. Griller, W. Obwexer and E. Vranes (eds.), Mega-Regional Trade Agreements. CETA, TTIP and TiSA, Oxford 2017.Tereszkiewicz F., The Politicization of European Union Trade Policy, “Journal of Economic Integration” 2021, vol. 36, no. 3.Vellano M., The Chimera of Transparency in European Union Negotiations on International Agreements, “La Comunità internazionale” 2021, no. 2.Vranes E., The Contents of CETA, TTIP, and TiSA: The (Envisaged) Trade Disciplines, (in:) S. Griller, W. Obwexer and E. Vranes (eds.), Mega-Regional Trade Agreements. CETA, TTIP and TiSA, Oxford 2017.27114315
Accessibility in the design of a digital service : Analysis and design of a digital service with the objective of accessible use exemplified by a ticket sales system
Get PDFBei der Interaktion mit technischen und sozialen Systemen treten für Menschen mit und ohne Beeinträchtigungen Barrieren auf. Die vorliegende Arbeit befasst sich mit der Identifikation dieser Barrieren. Dabei wird der wissenschaftliche Diskurs über die Ursachen von Barrieren als ein mehrdimensionales Handlungsfeld betrachtet. Der Bezug zur Mensch-Computer-Interaktion wird hergestellt und Philosophien zur Umsetzung von Barrierefreiheit im Gestaltungsprozess werden erläutert. Es wird ein grundlegender Vergleich von Barrierefreiheit und Usability gezogen. Der objekt- und subjektbasierte Ansatz zur Identifizierung von Barrieren wird ebenfalls vorgestellt.
Die gewonnenen Erkenntnisse werden im Kontext des ehrenamtlichen Musikvereins Junges Musical Leverkusen e. V. praktisch umgesetzt. Für den Kooperationspartner wird der Service rund um ein Ticketverkaufssystem auf mögliche Barrieren untersucht. Dazu wird die Domäne analytisch dargestellt und anschließend empirisch untersucht. Es werden Interviews mit fünf Personen mit unterschiedlichen Beeinträchtigungen geführt. Aus den daraus resultierenden identifizierten Barrieren werden Gestaltungsempfehlungen abgeleitet und deren Nutzen für den:die Benutzer:in und Umsetzbarkeit für den Kooperationspartner diskutiert.Barriers occur for people with and without impairments when interacting with technical and social systems. This paper deals with the identification of these barriers. In doing so, the scientific discourse on the causes of barriers is examined as a multidimensional field of action. The reference to human-computer interaction is made and philosophies for the implementation of accessibility in the design process are explained. A basic comparison of accessibility and usability is drawn. The object- and subject-based approach to identifying barriers are also presented.
The insights gained will be practically implemented in the context of the voluntary musical association Junges Musical Leverkusen e. V.. For the cooperation partner, the service around a ticket sales system is examined for possible barriers. For this purpose, the domain is presented analytically and then examined empirically. Interviews are conducted with five people with a diverse set of impairments. Design recommendations are derived from the resulting identified barriers and their usefulness for the user and feasibility for the cooperation partner are discussed
Digital Twin for HIV-Gag VLP Production in HEK293 Cells
Get PDFThe development and adoption of digital twins (DT) for Quality-by-Design (QbD)-based processes with flexible operating points within a proven acceptable range (PAR) and automation through Advanced Process Control (APC) with Process Analytical Technology (PAT) instead of conventional process execution based on offline analytics and inflexible process set points is one of the great challenges in modern biotechnology. Virus-like particles (VLPs) are part of a line of innovative drug substances (DS). VLPs, especially those based on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), HIV-1 Gag VLPs, have very high potential as a versatile vaccination platform, allowing for pseudotyping with heterologous envelope proteins, e.g., the S protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). As enveloped VLPs, optimal process control with minimal hold times is essential. This study demonstrates, for the first time, the use of a digital twin for the overall production process of HIV-1 Gag VLPs from cultivation, clarification, and purification to lyophilization. The accuracy of the digital twins is in the range of 0.8 to 1.4% in depth filtration (DF) and 4.6 to 5.2% in ultrafiltration/diafiltration (UFDF). The uncertainty due to variability in the model parameter determination is less than 4.5% (DF) and less than 3.8% (UFDF). In the DF, a prediction of the final filter capacity was demonstrated from as low as 5.8% (9mbar) of the final transmembrane pressure (TMP). The scale-up based on DT in chromatography shows optimization potential in productivity up to a factor of 2. The schedule based on DT and PAT for APC has been compared to conventional process control, and hold-time and process duration reductions by a factor of 2 have been achieved. This work lays the foundation for the short-term validation of the DT and PAT for APC in an automated S7 process environment and the conversion from batch to continuous production
Klassische RV-Platzierung und -Auktionen – Wir wissen, dass wir nichts wissen
Get PDFAm Beispiel von Naturkatastrophen (NatKat) Rückversicherung lässt sich erkennen, dass wesentliche Elemente klassischer Rückversiche¬rungs-transaktionen darauf abzielen, Informationsprobleme zwischen Erst- und Rückversicherer zu reduzieren. Aktuell gibt es in der Rückversicherungs¬literatur keinerlei Hinweise auf ein Verständnis darüber, wie sich der klassische Transaktionsprozess auf Ergebnisse auswirkt, noch darauf wie sich Auktionen in ihrer Wirkung unterscheiden / wie sich diese auf Ergebnisse auswirken. Ein wichtiges Ziel ist somit die Grundlagenschaffung für die zukünftige Entwicklung einer Marktdesign Diskussion im Rückversicherungskontext.
Anhand bestehender Erkenntnisse in der Auktionstheorie ist nicht eindeutig, ob und in welchen Fällen Einheitspreise oder individuelle Preise zu besseren Ergebnissen für die Verkäufer (Versicherer) führen würden. Weiterhin ist nicht klar, ob öffentliche Auktionen oder verdeckte Auktionen bessere Ergebnisse liefern würden.
Ein Auktionsdesign, das der klassischen Brokerplatzierung nahekommt, ist die Ausubel Auktion (Ausubel, 2004). Dennoch lassen sich keine generellen Aussagen darüber treffen, ob die klassische Platzierung oder Auktionen bessere Allokations¬mechanismen darstellen (vgl. Bulow and Klemperer 1996).
Unter Berücksichtigung von klimatischen und sozioökonomischen Trends ist ein besseres Verständnis der beschriebenen Zusammenhänge für die Stärkung des Rückversicherungsmarktes zunehmend dringend
Politisches Handeln in der Sozialen Arbeit aus der Perspektive politischer Differenz. Eine qualitative Erforschung der Fachkräftekampagne „#dauerhaftsystemrelevant“
Get PDFDiese Arbeit gibt einer postfundamentalistischen Perspektive auf politisches Handeln in der Sozialen Arbeit in einer qualitativen Erforschung der Fachkräftekampagne ‚#dauerhaftsystemrelevant‘ Raum. Zur theoretischen Rahmung werden in einem ersten Schritt zentrale Diskussionslinien um politisches Handeln in der Sozialen Arbeit dargelegt. Daraufhin eröffnen Theorien politischer Differenz eine kontingenzsensible und hegemoniekritische Perspektive auf Soziale Arbeit, ihr Verhältnis zu Politik und ihr politisches Handeln. Der Forschungsstand errichtet ein Mosaik aus internationalen Forschungserträgen, die das Thema dieser Arbeit tangieren. Es folgen eine inhaltsanalytische Untersuchung von Veröffentlichungen der Fachkräftekampagne ‚#dauerhaftsystemrelevant‘ und Leitfadeninterviews mit Kampagnenaktiven im Hinblick auf Momente politischer Differenz. Es zeichnen sich differenztheoretische Simultaneitäten und Bewegungen in den Kampagnenaktivitäten ab. Die Ergebnisse zeigen politische Differenz als einen Spielraum politischer Handlungen Sozialer Arbeit auf und offerieren diesen so eine postfundamentalistische Analyse- und Diskussionsfolie
Development of a Data-Driven Method for Online Battery Remaining-Useful-Life Prediction
Get PDFRemaining-useful-life (RUL) prediction of Li-ion batteries is used to provide an early indication of the expected lifetime of the battery, thereby reducing the risk of failure and increasing safety. In this paper, a detailed method is presented to make long-term predictions for the RUL based on a combination of gated recurrent unit neural network (GRU NN) and soft-sensing method. Firstly, an indirect health indicator (HI) was extracted from the charging processes using a soft-sensing method that can accurately describe power degradation instead of capacity. Then, a GRU NN with a sliding window was applied to learn the long-term performance development. The method also uses a dropout and early stopping method to prevent overfitting. To build the models and validate the effectiveness of the proposed method, a real-world NASA battery data set with various battery measurements was used. The results show that the method can produce a long-term and accurate RUL prediction at each position of the degradation progression based on several historical battery data sets