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Digitale Tools und KI im Studium der angewandten Sozialwissenschaften – akademisches Schreiben und Schriftpraktiken
Full text linkDer Forschungsbericht „Digitale Tools und KI im Studium der angewandten Sozialwissenschaften – akademisches Schreiben und Schriftpraktiken“ untersucht die Bedeutung digitaler Technologien, insbesondere generativer KI, für den Studienalltag und das akademische Schreiben an der Fakultät für Angewandte Sozialwissenschaften der TH Köln. Im Fokus stehen die Nutzung, Bewertung und Integration von ChatGPT & Co. im Studienprozess sowie deren Potenziale, Begrenzungen und Herausforderungen. Eine quantitative Onlinebefragung im Sommersemester 2024 mit 143 Studierenden liefert Einblicke in die Nutzungshäufigkeit, Funktionen und Einstellungen zu KI-basierten Schreib- und Übersetzungstools. Dabei zeigt sich, dass über 79 % der Teilnehmenden bereits textgenerierende KI-Tools aktiv verwenden, wobei insbesondere die sprachliche Textüberarbeitung, das Generieren von Gliederungen und die Übersetzung fremdsprachiger Texte im Mittelpunkt stehen. Trotz überwiegend positiver Einschätzungen bestehen Unsicherheiten bezüglich des Einsatzes bei Prüfungsaufgaben und der inhaltlichen Qualität der KI-generierten Inhalte. Ein besonderer Schwerpunkt liegt auf der datenschutzkonformen Nutzung des TH Köln KI GPT-Lab (später THKI Chat) und der Bedeutung von didaktischen Konzepten zur reflektierten Integration von KI im Studium. Zudem werden ethische, rechtliche und gesellschaftliche Aspekte der KI-Nutzung diskutiert, einschließlich der Herausforderungen durch Bias, Täuschungsrisiken und digitale Ungleichheiten. Abschließend werden Empfehlungen für die Curriculumentwicklung, transdisziplinäre Zusammenarbeit und transformative Lehrformate formuliert. Diese sollen Studierende befähigen, KI-Technologien kompetent, kritisch und verantwortungsvoll im Studium und späteren Berufsfeld einzusetzen. Der Bericht leistet damit einen Beitrag zur Gestaltung einer zukunftsfähigen akademischen Bildung im Sozialwissenschaftlichen Bereich unter den Bedingungen zunehmender Digitalisierung und KI-Integration
Retables on the Croatian Island Lopud: Construction – Polychromy - Restoration
Full text linkAuf der kleinen kroatischen Insel Lopud befinden sich drei große Kirchen, die in enger zeitlicher Abfolge während der Blütezeit der Republik Dubrovnik (Ragusa) und während der wirtschaftlich stärksten Periode der Insel im 15. Jahrhundert gebaut wurden. Aufwändig geschnitzte, vergoldete und bemalte Altarretabel als Orte der Anbetung und Liturgie schmücken noch heute die Innenräume, weitgehend unberührt, aber in einem fragilen Zustand erhalten.
Das Cologne Institute of Conservation Sciences (CICS) an der Technischen Hochschule Köln und die Inselgemeinde stehen seit 1987 in engem Kontakt. Seitdem besuchen jedes Jahr in den Semesterferien im Sommer Studentengruppen mit ihren Dozenten die Insel, um an Projekten zur Restaurierung gefährdeter Kunstwerke zu arbeiten.
Die Konservierungs-/Restaurierungsarbeiten am großen Retabel in der St.Nikolaus-Kirche begannen 1997 und wurden 2001 mit der Wiederaufstellung abgeschlossen.
Im Jahr 2002 wurde das bis dahin ausschließlich an der TH Köln ansässige Projekt in den International Conservation Workshop Lopud (ICWL) umgewandelt, eine Partnerschaft zwischen den Hochschulen Antwerpen, Brüssel, Split, Dubrovnik und Köln. Seitdem wurden in jährlichen zweiwöchigen Projektphasen weitere 4 Altarretabel sowie historische Möbel aus den Kirchen restauriert.
Diese Publikation fasst die Ergebnisse der mehr als 20-jährigen Zusammenarbeit der Autoren im Rahmen des International Conservation Workshop Lopud zusammen. Der Schwerpunkt liegt auf den behandelten Altarretabeln. Untersuchungsergebnisse, Behandlungskonzepte und realisierte Behandlungsschritte werden detailliert beschrieben. Weitere Informationen finden Sie unter https://icwl.de/The small Croatian island Lopud is home to three large churches, all built in close succession during the heyday of the Dubrovnik Republic (Ragusa) and during the island's strongest economic period in the 15th century, a tremendous feat of construction for such a modest, sparsely populated island. Several lavishly carved, gilded and painted retables still adorn the interiors today, preserved largely untouched but in a fragile condition.
The Cologne Institute of Conservation Sciences (CICS) at the Technical University of Cologne and the island authorities have been in close contact since 1987. Since then, groups of students and their lecturers have been visiting the island annually over the summer term break to work on projects aimed at restoring endangered works of art.
Conservation/restoration work on the large retable in St Nicholas’ Church began in 1997 and was completed in 2001 with its re-erection.
In 2002, the project, which until then had been exclusively Cologne-based, was transformed into the International Conservation Workshop Lopud (ICWL), a partnership between the universities of Antwerp, Brussels, Split, Dubrovnik and Cologne. From then until 2023, a further 4 retables as well as historical furniture from the churches were restored in annual two-week summer schools.
This publication summarizes the results of more than 20 years of cooperation of the authors within the International Conservation Workshop Lopud ICWL with the focus on the treated retables. Investigation results, treatment concepts and realized treatment steps are described in detail. For further information please visit https://icwl.de
Analysis of Cylinder Pressure and Heat Release Rate Variation in Diesel Engine Fueled with Croton Macrostachyus (CMS) Seed Oil Biodiesel as an Alternative Fuel
Full text linkDespite its higher density, viscosity, and lower calorific value, biodiesel has been explored as an alternative energy source to diesel fuel. This study investigated biodiesel produced from croton macrostachyus (CMS) seed, a non-edible feedstock. The research aimed to experimentally analyze cylinder pressure, heat release rate, and ignition delay, as well as engine performance and emission characteristics, at a constant speed of 2700 rpm under varying loads (0–80%) using diesel, B10, B15, B20, and B25 blended fuels. Among the tested blends, B25 exhibited superior performance, achieving the highest peak cylinder pressure (CP) of 58.21 bar and a maximum heat release rate (HRR) of 543.9 J/CA at 80% engine load. Conversely, B20 at 60% engine load, followed by B25 and pure diesel at 80% engine load, demonstrated the shortest ignition delay (ID) and the most advanced start of combustion (SoC). Compared to the biodiesel blends, pure diesel showed: a 5.5–14% increase in brake thermal efficiency (BTE), a 17–26% decrease in brake-specific fuel consumption (BSFC), and a 7–12% reduction in exhaust gas temperature (EGT). Regarding emissions, carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbon (HC) emissions were lower for pure diesel, while carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions were higher for biodiesel blends, attributed to their inherent oxygen content. In conclusion, CMS biodiesel displays promising characteristics, suggesting its potential suitability for use in internal combustion engines
A Formative Evaluation: Co-Designing Tools to Prepare Vulnerable Young People for Participating in Technology Development
Full text linkParticipatory processes are key for designing technology solutions but challenging since target groups rarely have technological expertise. They are, however, experts in their lives. Vulnerable young people are even more challenged when asked to participate. A toolkit approach can introduce non-tech-savvy individuals to digital technology. This paper presents the process of (co-)designing a toolkit for vulnerable young people and social workers. The evaluation provides insights into what components are needed to prepare for participatory technology development. The toolkit can be seen as a mobile laboratory that supports technology development and builds on considerations from other research and design processes. The toolkit was (co-)designed in two phases. An initial version based on other prototypes and the state of the art was evaluated according to feedback from social work professionals. The revised version was evaluated by both professionals and vulnerable young people, leading to refinement and final redesign. The final toolkit, focusing on the smart home domain, was evaluated through participant observation and qualitative content analysis. The results show how feedback, inductively derived in four categories, led to the design of the toolkit with three modules relevant to engaging vulnerable young people in technology design: experience, understand and co-design
Extending the Measurement Range in Ophthalmic Linear Optical Coherence Tomography using Dual Reference Path Interferometry
Full text linkA fiber-based linear optical coherence tomography (LOCT) system employing a cost-effective CMOS camera has previously demonstrated high-resolution imaging suitable for retinal screening, including glaucoma monitoring. However, the system’s imaging depth was constrained to approximately 400μm, insufficient for depth imaging of the optic nerve head (ONH), due to limitations imposed by the camera’s sensor size and pixel pitch. To overcome this limitation without replacing the economical and available sensor, we present a modification to the reference arm. By optimizing the utilization of the camera sensor’s vertical dimension, the system achieves an extended imaging depth, enabling the visualization of deeper tissue structures. Validation using an artificial eye model confirms that the modified LOCT system significantly enhances imaging depth while maintaining B-Scan quality. This advancement offers a cost-effective approach to extend the measurement range of LOCT systems, broadening their applicability in retinal imaging without altering the actual imaging sensor
Oscillation Flow of Viscous Electron Fluids in Conductors of Rectangular Cross-Section
Full text linkThe article presents results of an analytical and numerical modeling of electron fluid motion and heat generation in a rectangular conductor at an alternating electric potential. The analytical solution is based on the series expansion solution (Fourier method) and double series solution (method of eigenfunction decomposition). The numerical solution is based on the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM). An analytical solution for the electric current was obtained. This enables estimating the heat generation in the conductor and determining the influence of the parameters characterizing the conductor dimensions, the parameter M (phenomenological transport time describing momentum-nonconserving collisions), the Knudsen number (mean free path for momentum-nonconserving) and the Sh number (frequency) on the heat generation rate as an electron flow passes through a conductor
Analysis of Agricultural Water Uses in Almansouriya District in Iraq: Challenges and Solutions
Full text linkThe study of agricultural water usage in Almansouriya District reveals significant challenges related to water scarcity, high salinity in groundwater, and considerable evaporation rates. The study emphasizes the importance of implementing multiple strategies to achieve sustainable water use and enhance agricultural resilience in the face of climatic and environmental challenges
Winter Holy Friday – Translation and Analysis of the Canon of the Forefeast of the Nativity of Christ on 23rd December
No full textThe Feast of the Nativity of Christ in its liturgical celebrations resembles the most important of all feasts – the Resurrection of Christ. One similarity is the extended pre‑Christmas period, the last days of which (20–24 December) resemble the Holy Week. This article is a translation and a commentary on the canon on 23rd December, which paraphrases the canon of the Holy Friday.Święto Narodzenia Chrystusa w swoich liturgicznych obchodach przypomina najważniejsze ze świąt – Zmartwychwstanie Chrystusa. Jednym z podobieństw jest rozbudowany okres przedświąteczny, którego ostatnie dni (20–24 grudnia) przypominają Wielki Tydzień. Niniejszy artykuł stanowi tłumaczenie i komentarz do kanonu na dzień 23 grudnia, parafrazującego kanon Wielkiego Pią[email protected]ławne Seminarium Duchowne, Warszawa, Polska12 Ménée de Décembre [online] http://sobor.fr/index.php?content=article&category=library&id=2018-06 26-4&lang=fr#23, [25.02.2025]Also on The 23rd Day of the Month of December. Forefeast of the Nativity of Christ. Commemoration of the Holy Nahum, Equal of the Apostles & Wonder‑worker of Okhrid [online] https://www.ponomar.net/maktabah/MenaionLambertsenDecember2000/1223548.html, [23.02.2025]Jurewicz, O. (2020). Słownik grecko‑polski. Warszawa: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN.Karczewski, P. (2024). Zimowa Wielka Sobota – tłumaczenie i analiza kanonu wigilii Narodzenia Chrystusa. Elpis, (26), 171–182.Mineâ. Dekabrʹ. 23-j denʹ. Predprázdnstvoroždestvá Hristóva, i svâtýh desâtí múčenik, íže v Kríte [Минея. Декабрь. 23-й день. Предпра́зднство Рождества́ Христо́ва, и святы́х десяти́ му́ченик, и́же в Кри́те] [online] https://azbyka.ru/otechnik/Pravoslavnoe_Bogosluzhenie/mineja‑dekabr/23, [27.02.2025]PREGHIERE LITURGICHE. Patriarcato Ecumenico – Sacra Arcidiocesi Ortodossa d’Italia Chiesa Greco-Ortodossa della Natività di San Giovanni Battista-Torino e Vicariato arcivescovile della Campania-Chiesa dei SS. Pietro e Paolo- Napoli, VESPRO e MATTUTINO greco-italiano del 23 dicembre Memoria santi dieci martiri di Creta [online] https://ortodossia.it/testi‑liturgici-23‑dicembre-2023, [22.02.2025]Triodʹ postnaâ. Častʹ vtoraâ [Триодь постная. Часть вторая]. 2020. Kijów: Mitropolija UPC.Triṓdion: katanyktikón periéchon ápasan tīnanī́kousan autṓakolouthían tīs Agías kai Megálīs Tessarakostī́s [Τριώδιον: κατανυκτικόν περιέχον άπασαν την ανήκουσαν αυτώ ακολουθίαν της Αγίας και Μεγάλης Τεσσαρακοστής]. (1993). Ateny: Apostoliki Diakonia tis Ekklisias tis Ellados.TĪ̧ KG’ TOU AFTOU MĪNOS DEKEMVRIOU. Mnī́mī tôn Ahgíon déka Martýron tôn e’n Krī́tī̧ [Τῌ ΚΓ’ ΤΟΥ ΑΥΤΟΥ ΜΗΝΟΣ ΔΕΚΕΜΒΡΙΟΥ. Μνήμη τῶν Ἁγίων δέκα Μαρτύρων τῶν ἐν Κρήτῃ] [online] https://glt.goarch.org/texts/Dec/Dec23.html [22.02.2025]27475
Renormalization Group Approach as a Symmetry Transformation for an Analysis of Non-Newtonian Elastic Turbulence
Full text linkSymmetry transformation methods are widely used in fluid flow problems. One such method is renormalization group analysis. Renormalization group methods are used to develop a macroscopic turbulence model for non-Newtonian fluids (Oldroyd-B type). This model accounts for the large-distance and large-time behavior of velocity correlations generated by the momentum equation for a randomly stirred, incompressible flow and does not account for empirical constants. The aim of this mathematical study was to develop a k -ε RNG turbulence model for non-Newtonian fluids (Oldroyd-B type). For the first time, using the renormalization procedure, the transport equations for the large-scale modes and expressions for effective transport coefficients are obtained. Expressions for the renormalized turbulent viscosity are also derived. This model explains the phenomenon of the abrupt growth of the irregularity of velocity at low values of the Reynolds number
Virtual Virtuoso: A Systematic Literature Review of Immersive Learning Environments for Psychomotor Skill Development
Full text linkPsychomotor skill training has traditionally relied on the physical presence of both teacher and learner for effective demonstrations and feedback, posing challenges for remote and self-directed learning. Technological advancements have given rise to immersive learning environments (ILEs), offering novel solutions for interactive and multimodal training. Despite the widespread use of technologies, comprehensive insights into the potential and specific advantages of ILEs within the psychomotor domain remain understudied. This systematic literature review investigates current research on ILEs tailored for psychomotor skill development, focusing on four key dimensions: motor skill classification, technological integration, feedback mechanisms, and design characteristics of virtual environments. By conducting frequency and correlation analyses, the review identifies positive correlations that suggest potential synergies between various aspects of ILE-based psychomotor training and highlights research gaps through negative correlations. The findings offer a comprehensive understanding of the state-of-the-art ILEs for psychomotor training and provide a foundation for future research in this evolving field