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Optimizing Group Work In The Class Through Game And Crt Approaches In Science Learning
No full textThis research explores the optimization of group work in the classroom through the implementation of game-based learning in the subject of Social Sciences and Natural Sciences (IPAS). The study employs a Classroom Action Research (CAR) method with two cycles, focusing on a class of 28 fifth-grade students. Data were collected through pretests and post-tests, alongside observational notes to assess the impact of game-based learning on student engagement and academic performance. The results indicate a significant improvement in student achievement and group dynamics. In the first cycle, the number of students reaching the minimum competency standard increased from 3 to 10, while the number of non-passing students decreased from 25 to 18. In the second cycle, with enhanced group learning strategies, the number of students achieving competency rose dramatically from 8 to 27, with only 1 student remaining below the standard. These findings suggest that integrating game-based learning with cooperative group work effectively enhances both academic results and collaborative skills among students.This research explores the optimization of group work in the classroom through the implementation of game-based learning in the subject of Social Sciences and Natural Sciences (IPAS). The study employs a Classroom Action Research (CAR) method with two cycles, focusing on a class of 28 fifth-grade students. Data were collected through pretests and post-tests, alongside observational notes to assess the impact of game-based learning on student engagement and academic performance. The results indicate a significant improvement in student achievement and group dynamics. In the first cycle, the number of students reaching the minimum competency standard increased from 3 to 10, while the number of non-passing students decreased from 25 to 18. In the second cycle, with enhanced group learning strategies, the number of students achieving competency rose dramatically from 8 to 27, with only 1 student remaining below the standard. These findings suggest that integrating game-based learning with cooperative group work effectively enhances both academic results and collaborative skills among students
Analisis Kendala Pelaksanaan Praktikum Kimia di MAN 2 Kota Palu
Full text linkThis study uses a case study research type with a descriptive case study approach that aims to describe the obstacles faced by MAN 2 Palu City in implementing chemistry practicums. The subjects in this study were 153 consisting of the head of the chemistry LAB, chemistry subject teachers, and students from all classes of XI IPA. The instruments used in this data collection were structured interviews, observations and distribution of questionnaires to all students of class XI IPA. Based on the results of the study and data analysis, it shows that the percentage of the indicators of chemistry laboratory facilities and infrastructure is 72.7% and the indicator of teacher ability in implementing chemistry practicums is 67.7% with the category of not constrained. For the indicator of the implementation of chemistry practicums, the presentation is 61.8% and the indicator of laboratory assistants/assistants in the chemistry laboratory is 59.4% with the category of constrained. So it can be said that the implementation of chemistry practicums at MAN 2 Palu City is categorized as not constrained. However, there are still several factors that are of concern to the parties such as MAN 2 Palu City, such as students are still constrained in understanding the theory and work procedures contained in the LKPD, then the management of supporting facilities and infrastructure for the chemistry laboratory at MAN 2 Palu City is still inefficient.Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis penelitian studi kasus dengan pendekatan deskriptif studi kasus yang bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kendala yang di hadapi MAN 2 kota Palu pada pelaksanaan praktikum kimia. Subjek pada penelitian ini berjumlah 153 terdiri dari kepala LAB kimia, guru mata pelajaran kimia, dan peserta didik dari seluruh kelas XI IPA. Instrumen yang digunakan pada pengumpulan data ini yaitu wawancara terstruktur, observasi dan pembagian angket kepada seluruh peserta didik kelas XI IPA. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dan analisis data menunjukkan bahwa persentasi indikator sarana dan prasarana laboratorium kimia sebesar 72,7% dan indikator kemampuan guru dalam pelaksanaan praktikum kimia sebesar 67,7% dengan kategori tidak terkendala. Untuk indikator terlaksanannya praktikum kimia presentasinya sebesar 61,8% dan indikator laboran/ tenaga pembantu dalam laboratorium kimia sebesar 59,4% dengan kategori terkendala. Sehingga dapat dikatakan bahwa pelaksanaan praktikum kimia di MAN 2 kota Palu di kategorikan tidak terkendala. Namun masih ada beberapa faktor yang menjadi perhatian pihak seolah MAN 2 Kota Palu yaitu seperti peserta didik masih terkendala dalam memahami teori dan prosedur kerja yang terdapat pada LKPD, selanjutnya masih belum efisiennya pengelolaan sarana dan prasarana pendukung laboratorium kimia yang terdapat di MAN 2 kota Palu
Penerapan Model Problem Based Learning (PBL) Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa Pada Materi Titrasi Asam Basa Kelas XI SMA Negeri 5 Palu
Full text linkThe goal of this study was to describe how the Problem Based Learning approach improved students' learning outcomes on acid-base titration material in class XI SMA Negeri 5 Palu. Simple Random Sampling was used to sample the sample for this study, which consisted of two classes, class XI MIPA 2 as replication class I (31 students) and class XI MIPA 4 as replication class II (30 students). The N-gain test was used to assess the research data from the two classes. The average N-gain value of 0.79 was included in the high category for replication class I, and the average N-gain value of 0.73 was included in the high category for replication class II. According to the data analysis, the average pretest and posttest values for replication class I were 25.32 and 84.52, respectively, with a 59.2 increase in learning outcomes. While replication class II were 28 and 81, respectively, with a 53 increase in learning outcomes. As a result, it can be concluded that using the Problem Based Learning model in class XI MIPA on acid-base titration material at SMA Negeri 5 Palu can inmpove student learning outcomes.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendeskripsikan bagaimana pendekatan Problem Based Learning meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa pada materi titrasi asam basa di kelas XI SMA Negeri 5 Palu. Pengambilan sampel penelitian ini menggunakan Simple Random Sampling yang terdiri dari dua kelas, yaitu kelas XI MIPA 2 sebagai kelas replikasi I (31 siswa) dan kelas XI MIPA 4 sebagai kelas replikasi II (30 siswa). Uji N-gain digunakan untuk menilai data hasil penelitian dari kedua kelas tersebut. Rata-rata nilai N-gain sebesar 0,79 termasuk dalam kategori tinggi untuk kelas replikasi I, dan rata-rata nilai N-gain sebesar 0,73 termasuk dalam kategori tinggi untuk kelas replikasi II. Berdasarkan analisis data, rata-rata nilai pretes dan postes untuk kelas replikasi I masing-masing sebesar 25,32 dan 84,52 dengan peningkatan hasil belajar sebesar 59,2. Sedangkan kelas replikasi II masing-masing sebesar 28 dan 81 dengan peningkatan hasil belajar sebesar 53. Dengan demikian dapat disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan model Problem Based Learning di kelas XI MIPA pada materi titrasi asam basa di SMA Negeri 5 Palu dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa
. Perbandingan Hasil Belajar Kimia antara Model Pembelajaran Problem Based Learning dan Discovery Learning pada Materi Larutan Penyangga SMA Negeri 7 Tawaeli
No full textThis study was conducted to determine the comparison of student learning outcomes in class XI science using the Discovery Learning with Problem Based Learning on the buffer solution material at SMA Negeri 7 Tawaeli. This type of research is a quasi-experimental or quasi-experimental research design withposttest only. The population in this study were all students of class XI IPA SMA Negeri 7 Tawaeli who were registered in the 2021-2022 academic year as many as 50 people. The sampling technique in this study used a purposive sampling method. The samples in this study were 25 students in class XI IPA 2 and 25 students in XI IPA 3. Testing the research data using the Ujimann Whitney program SPSS 25.0 analysis where the experiment using the problem based learning obtained an average rating of 32.64 while the experimental class using the discovery learning was 18.36. Based on the test results, it is concluded that between discovery learning and problem based learning there are differences in learning outcomes, namely the problem based learning model is superior to the discovery learning model.Then the hypothesis H0 rejected and H1is accepted, namely H1: 1 . 2: there is a comparison of chemistry learning outcomes between classes usingdiscovery learning and classes usingproblem based learning in class XI SMA Negeri 7 TawaeliThis study was conducted to determine the comparison of student learning outcomes in class XI science using the Discovery Learning with Problem Based Learning on the buffer solution material at SMA Negeri 7 Tawaeli. This type of research is a quasi-experimental or quasi-experimental research design withposttest only. The population in this study were all students of class XI IPA SMA Negeri 7 Tawaeli who were registered in the 2021-2022 academic year as many as 50 people. The sampling technique in this study used a purposive sampling method. The samples in this study were 25 students in class XI IPA 2 and 25 students in XI IPA 3. Testing the research data using the Ujimann Whitney program SPSS 25.0 analysis where the experiment using the problem based learning obtained an average rating of 32.64 while the experimental class using the discovery learning was 18.36. Based on the test results, it is concluded that between discovery learning and problem based learning there are differences in learning outcomes, namely the problem based learning model is superior to the discovery learning model.Then the hypothesis H0 rejected and H1is accepted, namely H1: 1 . 2: there is a comparison of chemistry learning outcomes between classes usingdiscovery learning and classes usingproblem based learning in class XI SMA Negeri 7 Tawael
Pengembangan E-Modul Berwawasan Green Chemistry pada Sifat Koligatif Larutan untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Komunikasi Sains
No full textThe purpose of this study is to determine the validity of e-modules with green chemistry insights and analyse the effectiveness of using e-modules with green chemistry insights on science communication skills. This type of research is a development method (R&D) with ADDIE development model. The subjects of this research were 33 students of class XII C at SMAN 4 Palu with one group pretest-posttes design. The research data collection technique was carried out using e-module validity test by expert validators, practicality test through learning implementation sheet, questionnaire to measure science communication skills given twice, namely before learning (pretest) and after learning (posttest). The results showed that the validation results obtained from two validators, namely expert lecturers, obtained an overall average of 81% in the valid category. The practicality of the e-module obtained as a whole from 5 meetings is 86.1% which is included in the very practical category. The effectiveness of learning e-modules to improve students' science communication skills is in the large effect category with an effect size d Cohen 0.6.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui validitas e-modul berwawasan green chemistry dan menganalisis efektivitas penggunaan e-modul berwawasan green chemistry terhadap keterampilan komunikasi sains. Jenis penelitian ini adalah metode pengembangan (R&D) dengan model pengembangan ADDIE. Subjek penelitian ini adalah 33 siswa kelas XII C di SMAN 4 Palu dengan desain one group pretest-posttes. Teknik pengumpulan data penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan uji validitas e-modul oleh validator ahli, uji praktikalitas melalui lembar keterlaksanaan pembelajaran, angket untuk mengukur keterampilan komunikasi sains yang diberikan dua kali yaitu sebelum pembelajaran (pretest) dan sesudah pembelajaran (posttest). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hasil validasi yang diperoleh dari dua validator yaitu dosen ahli memperoleh rata-rata keseluruhan sebesar 81% dengan kategori valid. Praktikalitas e-modul yang diperoleh secara keseluruhan dari 5 kali pertemuan adalah 86,1% yang termasuk dalam kategori sangat praktis. Efektivitas pembelajaran e-modul dalam meningkatkan keterampilan komunikasi sains siswa berada pada kategori efek besar dengan ukuran efek d Cohen 0,6
Pengembangan Buku Ajar Tanaman Hias di Lingkungan SMAN 3 Palu
No full textBiology learning should emphasize concepts that can be seen, felt and analyzed according to students' real environmental conditions contextually. However, Biology textbooks still provide general concepts and examples, so teachers need to explain contextual examples according to the surrounding environments. This study aims to identify and describe ornamental plants in the environment at SMAN 3 Palu and determine feasibility of the textbook development. This study is a qualitative descriptive to describe ornamental plants at SMAN 3 Palu. This Research and Development (R&D) study with the ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation) development model. The subjects in this study were class X students at SMAN 3 Palu. The instruments used were questionnaires and interviews. The results showed that the identification stage found 51 types of ornamental plant species distributed in 30 families that growth at SMAN 3 Palu. The textbook development stage is in accordance with the needs analysis that the existence of a Textbook of Ornamental Plants in the Environment at SMAN 3 Palu is declared very feasible to use for the learning process.Pembelajaran biologi seharusnya menekankan konsep yang dapat dilihat, dirasakan dan dianalisis sesuai dengan kondisi lingkungan nyata siswa secara kontekstual. Namun, buku teks Biologi masih memberikan konsep dan contoh umum, sehingga guru perlu menjelaskan contoh kontekstual sesuai dengan lingkungan sekitar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dan mendeskripsikan tanaman hias di lingkungan SMAN 3 Palu dan menentukan kelayakan pengembangan buku teks. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif kualitatif untuk mendeskripsikan tanaman hias di SMAN 3 Palu. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian Penelitian dan Pengembangan (R&D) dengan model pengembangan ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation and Evaluation). Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas X di SMAN 3 Palu. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah angket dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada tahap identifikasi ditemukan 51 jenis spesies tanaman hias yang terdistribusi dalam 30 famili yang tumbuh di SMAN 3 Palu. Tahap pengembangan buku teks sesuai dengan analisis kebutuhan bahwa keberadaan Buku Ajar Tanaman Hias di Lingkungan SMAN 3 Palu dinyatakan sangat layak digunakan untuk proses pembelajaran
Analisis Kadar Senyawa Tanin dan Alkaloid Pada Daun Tanamanan Bavoa ( Cleome gynandra)
Full text linkBavoa (Cleome gynandra) is a weed that is commonly found in rice fields, on roadsides, in open grasslands and grows in most tropical countries. Besides being used as a vegetable, this plant is also useful as a medicine because it contains chemical compounds such as tannins and alkaloids. This study aims to analyze the levels of tannins and alkaloids contained in bavoa leaves by using the UV-Vis Spectrophotometry method. Bavoa leaf powder was extracted by maceration method using 96% ethanol solvent, then the filtrate was concentrated using a rotary evaporator. Identification of tannins inthe extract using FeCl3 solution and alkaloids using Mayer and Dragendrof reagents. To test the tannin content analysis, added Folin denis reagent and 20% Na2CO3 solution and then analyzed using UV-Vis spectrophotometry with a wavelength of 765 nm for analysis test Alkaloid content was added with phosphate buffer solution, bromocresol green (BCG) solution, put into a separating funnel, added chloroform, transferred to the lowest layer test tube, then analyzed using UV-Vis spectrophotometry with a wavelength of 273.5 nm. The results showed that the tannin content of bavoa leaf extract was 2.8% For the average alkaloid content of 0.987%Bavoa (Cleome gynandra) merupakan tanaman gulma yang umum dijumpai disawah, dipinggir jalan, dipadang rumput terbuka dan tumbuh disebagian besar negara tropis. Selain digunakan sebagai sayur, tanaman ini juga bermanfaat sebagai obat karena mengandung senyawa kimia seperti tanin dan alkaloid. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kadar senyawa tanin dan alkaloid yang terdapat pada daun bavoa dengan menggunakan metode Spektrofotometri UV-Vis. Serbuk daun bavoa diekstraksi dengan metode maserasi mengunakan pelarut etanol 96%, kemudian filtrat dipekatkan dengan rotary evaporator. Identifikasi tanin pada ekstrak menggunkan larutan FeCl3 dan identifikasi alkaloid menggunakan pereaksi mayer dan dragendrof. Untuk uji analisis kadar tanin, ditambahkan reagen folin denis dan larutan Na2CO3 20% lalu dianalisis menggunakan spektrofotometri UV-Vis dengan panjang gelombang 765 nm untuk uji analisis kadar alkaloid ditambahkan larutan dapar fosfat, larutan bromocresol green (BCG), dimasukkan kedalam corong pisah ditambahkan klrofom, dipindahkan kedalam tabung reaksi lapisan paling bawah, lalu dianalisis menggunakan spektrofotometri UV-Vis dengan panjang gelombang 273,5 nm. Hasil penelitian diperoleh kadar rata-rata tanin ekstrak daun bavoa sebesar 2,8% . Untuk kadar rata-rata alkaloid sebesar 0,987%
Penentuan Rendemen Minyak Atsiri Hasil Ekstraksi dan Destilasi pada Kulit Jeruk Mandarin (Citrus Reticulata) dan Kulit Jeruk Limau (Citrus Amblycarpa)
Full text linkEssential oils are odorous substances contained in plants that contain essential ingredients from a plant produced by steam distillation with water. The purpose of this study was to determine the essential oil yield of mandarin orange peel and lime peel by extraction and distillation. The method used in distillation is steam distillation and the method used in extraction is maceration. The results showed that the water content test for mandarin orange peel was 3.27% and for lime peel was 3.03%. The yield of essential oil in mandarin orange peel extraction was 11.87% and essential oil yield in lime peel extraction was 14.17%. The yield of essential oil obtained from distillation of mandarin orange peel was 0.23% and the yield of essential oil obtained from distillation of lime was 1.01%. To determine the quality of the essential oil produced by characterizing the refractive index, color test, and odor test. The results showed that the color and odor test of essential oils were in accordance with the Indonesian National Standard (SNI), while the refractive index of essential oils was not appropriate.Minyak Atsiri adalah zat berbau yang terkandung dalam tanaman yang mengandung bahan-bahan esensial dari suatu tumbuhan yang dihasilkan melalui penyulingan uap dengan air. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk untuk menentukan rendemen minyak atsiri kulit jeruk mandarin dan kulit jeruk limau melalui ektraksi dan destilasi. Metode yang digunakan pada destilasi yaitu destilasi uap air dan metode yang digunakan pada ekstraksi adalah maserasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa uji kadar air pada kulit jeruk mandarin sebesar 3,27% dan untuk kulit jeruk limau sebesar 3,03%. Rendemen minyak atsiri pada ekstraksi kulit jeruk mandarin sebesar 11,87% dan rendemen minyak atsiri pada ekstraksi kulit jeruk limau sebesar 14,17%. Rendemen minyak atsiri yang diperoleh dari destilasi kulit jeruk mandarin sebesar 0,23% dan rendemen minyak atsiri yang diperoleh dari destilasi jeruk limau sebesar 1,01%. Untuk mengetahui kualitas minyak atsiri yang dihasilkan yaitu dengan cara mengkarakterisasi indeks bias, uji warna, dan uji bau. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa uji warna, bau minyak atsiri telah sesuai Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI), sedangkan indeks bias minyak atsiri belum sesuai
Pengaruh Model Pembelajaran Inkuiri Terbimbing berbasis Mind Mapping terhadap Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Siswa di Kelas XI SMA Negeri 2 Palu
Full text linkThis study aimed to obtain an overview of the improvement in the critical thingking skills of students at class XI after the application of guided inquiry learning model with mind mapping-based on salt hydrolysis material in class XI SMAN 2 Palu. This type of research was quasi experiment with one group pretest-posttest design. Sampling was carried out by simple random sampling, with the research sample being class XI MIA 1 as the experimental class (n= 29) and XI MIA 3 as the control class (n= 26). Testing data on students critical thingking skills used non parametric statistical analysis of the mann-whitney test with a pre-requisite test: the normality test of the critical thingking skills test given before (pretest) and after (posttest) learning. The average result of increase in the experimental class was 56,44 and in the control class was 45,64. Based on the analysis of nonparametric statistical data from the Mann-Whitney test, the result of the calculation are 3,19 > 1,96 which is clearly in the receiving area of Ha so that Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected, it can be concluded that using guided inquiry learning model with mind mapping-based has an impact on critical thingking skills of students of SMAN 2 Palu.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh gambaran pengaruh keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa kelas XI setelah penerapan model pembelajaran inkuiri terbimbing pada materi Hidrolisis Garam di kelas XI MIA SMAN 2 Palu. Jenis penelitian ini adalah quasi eskperiment dengan pretest-posttest control group design. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara Simple Random Sampling dengan sampel penelitian adalah kelas XI MIA 1 sebagai kelas eksperimen (n= 29) dan kelas XI MIA 3 sebagai kelas kontrol (n= 26). Pengujian data keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa menggunakan analisis statistik nonparametrik uji maan-whitney dengan uji prasyarat: uji normalitas dari tes keterampilan berpikir kritis yang diberikan sebelum (pretest) dan sesudah (posttest) pembelajaran. Hasil rata-rata peningkatan pada kelas eksperimen adalah 56,44 dan pada kelas kontrol adalah 45,64. Berdasarkan analisis data statistik nonparametrik uji mann-whitney diperoleh hasil perhitungan 3,19 > 1,96 jelas berada pada daerah penerimaan Ha sehingga Ha diterima dan H0 ditolak, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa menggunakan model pembelajaran Inkuiri Terbimbing berbasis Mind Mapping berpengaruh terhadap keterampilan berpikir kritis siswa di SMA Negeri 2 Palu
Pemanfaatan Arang Aktif Kulit Kakao (Theobrema cacao L.) sebagai Penyerap Logam Timbal dalam Oli Bekas
Full text linkThis study aims to determine the optimum contact time and optimum weight of Pb metal adsorption in used oil by cocoa shell activated charcoal using the Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS) method. Water content with drying for 2 hours, ash content is done by the ashing method (dry ashing) for 3 hours, determination of contact time with variations of 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 minutes, and determination of optimum weight is done with weight variations of 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 grams. The results showed that the water content and ash content of cocoa shell activated charcoal were 2.2026% and 25.3081%, respectively, the equilibrium contact time was achieved at 40 minutes with the percentage of Pb metal ion adsorption in used oil absorbed was 98.37%, the optimum weight obtained was 8 grams with the percentage of Pb metal ion adsorption in used oil was 98.40%.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan waktu kontak optimum dan berat optimum adsorpsi logam Pb dalam oli bekas oleh arang aktif kulit kakao dengan menggunakan metode Spektrofotometri Serapan Atom (SSA). Kadar air dengan pengeringan selama 2 jam, kadar abu dilakukan dengan metode pengabuan (dry ashing) selama 3 jam, penentuan waktu kontak dengan variasi 10, 20, 30, 40, dan 50 menit, dan penentuan berat optimum dilakukan dengan variasi berat yaitu 2, 4, 6, 8 dan 10 gram. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar air dan kadar abu arang aktif kulit kakao berturut-turut sebesar 2,2026% dan 25,3081%, kesetimbangan waktu kontak dicapai pada waktu 40 menit dengan persentase adsorpsi ion logam Pb dalam oli bekas yang terserap yaitu 98,37%, berat optimim yang diperoleh yaitu 8 gram dengan presentase adsorpsi ion logam Pb dalam oli bekas yaitu sebesar 98,40%