LITERASI: Indonesian Journal of Humanities
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IKONOGRAFI ARSITEKTUR TRADISIONAL JAWA PADA RELIEF CANDI LARA JONGGRANG DI PRAMBANAN
Get PDFOne way to know the characteristics of traditional Javanese architecture is by looking at pictorial data found in the reliefs of temple buildings. The Lara Jonggrang temple contains a symbolic meaning. In general, the type of roof on the temple reliefs is rural type. The roof construction composed of a series of components called battens, standing on beam, and rafters. Most of the houses have no walls. Wooden buildings on the reliefs show the use of the functional requirements of geography, geology, and climate. The birds are always perched on the roof of building of the reliefs with the settings under the palace and hermitage with central figures such as Rama, Shinta adding a dramatic impression. House placement with a bird perched on the roof which is always placed at the top of each relief indicates a status. This also suggests that in the days of the Central Java Hindus, house was a status symbol and the placement of the house there served only as reliefs featuring characters of high strata.Keywords: iconography, traditional Javanese architecture, reliefs templ
AMBIGUITAS MULTIKULTURALISME DALAM NOVEL MATA-MATA KUCING: SEBUAH FABEL MULTIKULTURAL DAN MARYAM
Get PDFThis article discusses the ambiguity that occurs in the perspective of multiculturalism. Ongoing crosscultural dialogue between cultures with each other, influence each action antarunsur role of culture caused by the outflow of people or groups of people from one place to another place in the diaspora effect, is a form of multikulturaisme. Multiculturalism can not be fully accepted in this country, as reflected in the novel’s two MataMata Kucing: Sebuah Fabel Multikultural and Maryam. Most of the proponents of multiculturalism may be able to easily access the diversity of it, but for the others who do not understand or have knowledge of such multiculturalism, it will lead to conflict as reflected from the two novels that became the object of study. The result can be unpredictable if prolonged disputes and even stretch interval proximity relationships between individuals. Keywords: ambiguity, diaspora, multiculturalism
PERTUMBUHAN KOTA JEMBER DAN MUNCULNYA BUDAYA PANDHALUNGAN
Get PDFThe development of the private plantations during the mid19th in the regency of Jember led to socioeconomic changes among the population. From that moment the indigenous population got the opportunities to make money provided by the large employment the plantation had generated. The development of plantation attracted migrants to come from Madura and other parts of Java and shifted the region’s demographic features from unpopulated to more densely populated. There emerged Madurese culture in North Jember and Javanese culture in the south. In central Jember where the Madurese and Javanese population groups were more or less equal in number, a cultural mix created a hybrid culture called as pandhalungan.
Keywords: Jember, urban growth, pandhalungan
DEBATING “GOLDEN LEAF”: A HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE ON SOCIO-CULTURAL ASPECTS OF SMOKING AND TOBACCO CONTROL
Get PDFA series of controversies have been a striking phenomenon colouring the existence of tobacco and smoking habit. Drawing upon the available and reachable source materials, mainly secondary ones, the present paper seeks to trace broadly the historical roots of opposition to tobacco and smoking and the recent development of the pro and cons concerning the two issues. A special attention is going to be paid to the arguments built by the conflicting to support their own positions. It is argued that the debates on tobacco and smoking have long taken place, parallel with their spreads from the Americas to the European Continent and the other parts of the world. The debates have been increasingly fierce, in which many parties are getting involved. The present pros and cons conflict might be simplified to certain extent into a battle of “profit versus health”, which is radically different from the earlier battle in which health considerations were initially an integral part of the explanation for tobacco and smoking expansion. In the past the moralistic arguments played a major role in the opposition against tobacco and smoking. Recently the position has been replaced by health issues, serving as the core arguments in the antismoking and tobacco movements emerging over the last couple of decades.
Keywords: controversy, tobacco, smoking habit, past time, contemporary perio
THE MAN CHARACTER’S PERSONALITY CHANGE AS REFLECTED IN DEFOE’S ROBINSON CRUSOE
Get PDFRobinson Crusoe is a novel written by Daniel Defoe telling about a story of Robinson Crusoe’s life experiences in the three places such as in York, at sea and in the islands. This article discusses about these places, particularly the last place, and the events experienced by Crusoe that can influence his personality change. Therefore, the qualitative research is done to know whether the setting and the events undergone by him, as the main character, can change his personality or not, by applying Murray’s theory of personality describing how personality is formed. This theory employs three sets of determinants: group membership, situational and constitutional. It is also applied the psychological approach to analyze the main character’s personality and to find out the setting and the events influencing his personality change. The result of the research proves that there has been a close relation between setting and personality in which setting and the events experienced by Crusoe during his life adventure in the three places can influence the change of his personality.Keywords: setting, life experiences, personality chang
BATIK KAYU KRÈBÈT YOGYAKARTA : KAJIAN ESTETIKA DAN FUNGSI
Get PDFThe development of batik art craft has expanded to diverse materials and techniques. One of them is batik applied to wood media. As applied by the batik art craftmen of Dusun Krebet, Yogyakarta. Wood-based batik art craft has been developed through exploration in traditional batik art that has been hereditarily in existence for generations. In this article, the author seeks to elaborate the structure of batik style formation on wood media and the function of the created product. The discussion is focused on the applied batik style, the patterns of style formation, their functions based on function theories.Keywords: wood batik, aesthetic, functio
VISI BARU: KEKUATAN IMAJINASI DAN KEBARUAN-KEBARUAN ESTETIK
Get PDFLeft brain tends to be used as an analytical control to most thoughts and actions. The right brain relates more to visual, imaginative, intuitive, and synthesizes all faces. Many great ideas have been created from one’s consciousness in exploring dreams through the power of imagination and exploring all possibilities to find a new life vision giving a birth of new ideas. Great ideas tend to originate from imagination power and work achievements of left and right brains. Conceptual era should be equipped with left brain reasoning by mastering six intellegences focusing on the importance of the work rights of brain to develop thought suitable to soul demands. A new vision of life is really important in the field of creative process because people with high creativity always have chances to reorient their visions. New vision is created by the power of imagination that will results in aesthetical newness. Art moves to interdisciplinary areas and continues to enrich the values promoted by art aesthetics that cannot be strictly and uniformly defined. Through an exploration of the power of imagination and sensitivity intuition, creative vision and aesthetical ideology creating new new aesthetics will continue to thrive and up to date.
Keywords: new vision, right brain, imagination, new aesthetic
ORIENTASI LISAN DALAM SAJAK-SAJAK UPITA AGUSTINE
Get PDFOrality or oral oriented in Upita Agustine’s poetry could be recognized by formula and formulaic compotition which defined by Lord and Sweeney. This formula found in 62 numbers of Upita’s poetry. The formula in that poetry are formula’s begin of the lines, formula’s the half of lines, and formula’s the end of lines. Beside using the formula, we could find some compotition formulaic and stylized form in Upita’s poetry. Oral oriented in Upita’s poetry commonly used by unconsiousness.
Keywords: oral oriented, formula, formulaic compotition, stylized for
LEMBAGA PERKREDITAN MASA KOLONIAL
Get PDFBy employing historical method, this article explains formal credit institutions in Indonesia during the Dutch colonial period especially in rural area. The study is focused on the development of three credit institutions emerging during the colonial period that operated under the volkscredietwezen supervision. Before the presence of volkscredietwezen, there had been traditional credit systems among the the society. In rural areas, the people needed loans because it was hard for them to obtain cash money. Lumbung Desa, Bank Desa, and People Bank constituted formal credit institutions in charge of serving the people’s need of loans during the colonial period. One of the interesting things is that there was a connection between the economic development of the society and credit institutions. Keywords: volkscredietwezen, small credit, rural area, colonial er
NILAI-NILAI KULTURAL MAGISME TENGGER
Get PDFThis article aims at discussing the cultural values of magic in the context of Tenggerese culture. The research was ethnographivally done. The study results show that for the Tenggerese culture and society, spells and cultural values of magic represent a prayer. For the people holding mountainous culture, mantra and any of its kinds form a religious subculture whose ownership is controlled by shaman (dhukun pandhita). The Tenggerese culture regards dukun as a spearhead of the religious representation of Tenggerese community. Therefore, the practices of mantra use among the Tenggerese community are constructive in nature.Keywords: magical, spells, shaman, ritual, Tenggerese communit