Buletin Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat
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Pengaruh Cekaman Air Terhadap Daya Adaptasi Enam Varietas Lada (Piper Nigrum L)
No full textDenagan tujuan untuk mengetahui daya adaptasis enam varietas lada terhadap cekaman air, suatu percobaan telah di lakukan di atas Sub Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat Natar. Mulai 12 Juni 1989 sampai dengan 10 Oktober 1989. Perlakuan yang diuji adalah enam varietas.yaitu Belantung. Kerinci , Lampung Daun Lebar, Lampung Daun Lebar,Lampung Daun Kecil, Jambi dan Kalluvaly, serta tiga tingkat kadar air tanah, yaitu 45,60 dan 75% kapasitas lapang. Percobaan disusun secara factorial dengan meggunakan rancangan acak kelompok , dua ulangan dan enam tanaman per perlakuan. Parameter yang diamati adalah jumlah buku, cabang,daun, berat akar, berat tajuk,nisbah berat kering akar/tajuk, laju pertumbuhan relatif dan kadar air relatif.Hasil percobaan menunjukan bahwa pada kadar air 60% kapastas lapang tanaman ladasudah mengalami gangguan fisiologis dan pada 45% kapasitas lapang. Tanaman mengalami cekaman berat. Pengaruh intraksivarietas dengan kadar air tanah terhadap semua parameter tidak berbeda nyata. Meskipun ada kecendrungan bahwa adaptasi varietas terhadap kekurangan air berada pada urutan Jambi,kerinci, Belantung ,Lampung Daun Kecil, Lampung Daun Lebar dan Kalluvally
Populasi Hama Alami Penggerak Batang Pada Tanaman Lada
No full textNatural population of stem borers on pepperStudy on natural population of stem borers (L. piperis) was carried out during the period of 1986 – 1987 at Natar Sub Station Research Institute. The sudy was conducted at mature pepper garden of Belantung variety about 5 – years old The objective of the experiment was to evaluate the population Growth of stem barers and their parasitoid in the field.The result showed that stem barrer could be found throught out the year with overlapping population. Eggs population was lower as compare to pupae, adults and larvae were 0.75; 1.62, 2,96 and 8.50 per plant respectively.There were two parasitoid which control the population of stem barer in the field, that were larvae parasitoid (S. piperis) and pupae parasitoid (E. curculionis). Larvae and pupae which were attached 12.35% and 4.44% respectively.Stem barer couse the damage of branch 18.94 – 42.82%, Spikes 63.57 – 96.64% and fruits 9.26 – 19.85%. there was a positive correlation between the larvae population and the branch damage of pepper. The population of adult was not always correlated with the damage of both spike and fruits
Pengaruh Bahan Setek dan Pupuk Daun Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Nilam
No full textInfluence of cutting material and loliage fertilizer on the growth and yield of patchouli.A study was carried out at the green house of Research Institute for Spice and Medicinal Crops Bogor in 1987, to evaluate the effect of cutting material and foliage fertilizer on the growth and yield of patchouli. This experiment was designed in a completely randomized block design arranged factorially with 3 replication. The factors were cutting material (basal, middle and top) and foliage fertilizer (control, Gandasil D, and Floran). The result showed that all observed variable were not significant affected by cutting material. Using foliage fertilizer were significantly affected on the number of leaves and dry weight of plant compared with control. However, no significant different between Gandasl D and Floran. Further study should be conducted in field condition
Efikasi in Vitro Pelet Erwinia sp BST4 dan Trichoderma harzianum Blt1 Dalam Menekan Infeksi Phytophthora capsici Pada Lada
No full textFoot rot disease pf peppercaused by Phyrophthora capsici is a limiting factor in Pepper cultivation since initial symptom of the Disease was difficult to be observed, it was Commonly fail on application curative Treatment. This study was aimed to test the Ability of a mixtuse biocontroll agents Formulated as pellet. Antagonistic activity was Tested on dual culture. Bacterial antagonists Were identified based on physiological and Biochemical characters. Pellet formulation for Trichodema harzianum Blrl was used as basic Formulation Results showed that Erwinia sp. BST4 Viable in pellet formulation without Affected the growth of T. Harzianum Bltl.In in Viva test. At one month after application of Pellet. T. Harzianum pellet or Erwina sp. At the Rate of 10 g/200 g inoculum inhibited the Percentage of colonization of P. Capsici will Decrease when T. Harzianum was mixed with Erwina sp. In the same pellet
RESPON TANAMAN LADA PERDU TERHADAP PEMUPUKAN NPK PADA JENIS TANAH INCEPTISOLS DAN ULTISOLS
Get PDFResponse of bushy black pepper to NPK fertilizers on inceptisols and ultisols soilsBlack pepper could be developed in the form of bushy pepper. Many of black pepper cultivating areas in Indonesia are on Inceptisols and Ultisols soil types such as in Lampung, Bangka and Borneo. Each type of soil has different physical, che-mical and biological characteristics, so that the level of their input needs will also vary. In general, the level of Inceptisols and Ultisol soil fertility is relatively low. Fertilizer application is needed to increase its fertility. The study was conducted in Indonesian of Medicinal and Aromatic Crops Research Institute (IMACRI) Bogor using plastic pots under the auspices of paranet (light intensity 75%) from January 2000 to December 2002. The research aims to study the response of bushy black pepper to NPK fertilization on Inceptisols and Ultisols soil, in order to obtain the dosage and composition of the proper nutrients to promote growth and production. The research was arranged in split plot design, repeated 3 times. As the main plot are two types of soil (Inceptisols and Ultisols), sub plots are combination of dosages and composition of NPK nutrients, namely : 20 (1:1:1), 40 (1:1:1), 60 (1:1: 1), 80 (1:1:1), 20 (1:1:2), 40 (1:1:2), 60 (1:1:2), and 80 (1:1:2) g/plant. The ob-served parameters were number of leaves, number of secondary branches, number of panicles and fruit weight. The results sho-wed, bushy black pepper gives a signify-cantly different response to NPK fertiliza-tion planted on Inceptisols and Ultisols soils. The best growth and production of bushy black pepper grown on Inceptisol soil obtained by NPK fertilizer (1:1:1) 20-60 g/plant, while on Ultisols soil at NPK fertilizer (1:1:2) 40-120 g/plant. Bushy black pepper grown on Inceptisols soil produce an average fresh weight of pepper berry 7.09-11.63% higher than the one planted on Ultisols soil.
THE EFFECT OF ESSENTIAL OIL MIXTURES ON MORTALITIES AND OVIPOSITION DETERRENTS OF Crocidolomia pavonana AND Helopeltis antonii
Get PDFEssential oil, such as citronella, lemongrass, ageratum, and clove are known to be toxic and repel certain pests. Mixing two or more essential oils are expected increasing their insecticidal properties. The experiments aimed to examine the effect of essential oils mixtures (EOs) on mortalities and oviposition deterrents of Crocidolomia pavonana and Helopeltis antonii. The experiments were conducted at the laboratory and green house of the Indonesian Spices and Medicinal Crops Research Institute. The tested mixtures were citronella and clove (CiC); lemongrass and clove (LC); ageratum and clove (AC); individual EO; control 1 (water + emulsifier); control 2 (water) at 0.5% concentration for all treatments. The ratio used were 1:1, 1:2, 1:4, 2:1 and 4:1. Parameters observed were the mortalities of C. pavonana larvae and H. antonii nymphs; and the ovipositions deterrents of both insects. The CiC and LC mixtures gave low mortality (<50%) to C. pavonana larvae, while AC at ratios 1:1, 1:2,1:4 less than 20%, AC 2:1 and 4:1 >60% and the individual ageratum oil caused 77.5% mortalities. The CiC 1:1 and LC (1:1, 1:2, and 4:1) showed >40% mortalities of H. antonii, whereas the AC in all ratios enhanced the nymph mortalities. The number of eggs laid by C. pavonana at CiC and LC in all ratios were around 50-60% lower than individual EO. The mixture of AC 1:4 and 4:1 produced eggs nearly 50% lower than clove treatment. The CiC and LC at 1:1 produced the lowest numbers of egg laid by H. antonii, while AC 1:4 reduced 70% eggs laid compared to individual EO
Gulma Pada Pertanaman Nilam (Potosgemon cablin)
No full textGulma merupakan salah satu masalah yang dapat menurunkan hasil dan kualitas daun nilam. Untuk mengetahui jenis-jenis gulma yang tumbuh pada tanaman nilam, telah dilakukan pengamatan di Perkebunan Kiara Wangi, Sukabumi, Jawa barat. Analisa vegetasi menggunakan modifikasi dari metode titik (Pcint Frame Work). Satuan contoh diambil secara teratur pada setiap jarak lima meter mengikuti arah Utara-Selatan dan Timur-Barat. Berdasaran hasil pengamatan, besarnya perbandingan nilai penting dari masing-masing jenis gulma yang terdapat pada tanaman nilam di perkebunan tersebut secara berturut-turut adalah : Panicum brevifolium (41.5%), Digitaria ciliaris (19.4%), Panicum repens (13.5%), Axonopus compresus (12.6%), Paspalum conyugatum (12.3%), Paspalum scrobiculatum (8.8%), Ageratum conyzoides (8.2%), Centela asiatica (8.0%), Leersia hexandra (7.6%), dan Panicum barbatus (5.7%). Di blok Pasir Gedong dengan pohon pelindung Albizia falcate, terdapat 14 macam jenis gulma yang didominasi oleh jenis P. brevifolium, pada blok ini tanaman nilam tumbuh subur, sedangkan di blok Saninten dengan tanpa pohon pelindung terdapat 20 jenis gulma dan yang paling dominan adalah Digitaria ciliaris. Keadaan tanaman nilam di blok ini kelihatan kerdil.Gulma merupakan salah satu masalah yang dapat menurunkan hasil dan kualitas daun nilam. Untuk mengetahui jenis-jenis gulma yang tumbuh pada tanaman nilam, telah dilakukan pengamatan di Perkebunan Kiara Wangi, Sukabumi, Jawa barat. Analisa vegetasi menggunakan modifikasi dari metode titik (Pcint Frame Work). Satuan contoh diambil secara teratur pada setiap jarak lima meter mengikuti arah Utara-Selatan dan Timur-Barat. Berdasaran hasil pengamatan, besarnya perbandingan nilai penting dari masing-masing jenis gulma yang terdapat pada tanaman nilam di perkebunan tersebut secara berturut-turut adalah : Panicum brevifolium (41.5%), Digitaria ciliaris (19.4%), Panicum repens (13.5%), Axonopus compresus (12.6%), Paspalum conyugatum (12.3%), Paspalum scrobiculatum (8.8%), Ageratum conyzoides (8.2%), Centela asiatica (8.0%), Leersia hexandra (7.6%), dan Panicum barbatus (5.7%). Di blok Pasir Gedong dengan pohon pelindung Albizia falcate, terdapat 14 macam jenis gulma yang didominasi oleh jenis P. brevifolium, pada blok ini tanaman nilam tumbuh subur, sedangkan di blok Saninten dengan tanpa pohon pelindung terdapat 20 jenis gulma dan yang paling dominan adalah Digitaria ciliaris. Keadaan tanaman nilam di blok ini kelihatan kerdil
Karakteristik Beberapa Tipe Panili
No full textKarakterisasi beberapa tipe panili yang ada di Sub Balai Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat Natar, dilakukan mulai Juli 1981 hingga Mei 1982. Tujuh tipe panili yang diamati adalah hasil pengumpulan dari Jawa (6 tipe) dan Lampung (1 tipe). Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk mengidentifikasi sifat-sifat plasma nutfah panili, sehingga dapat dijadikan sumber untuk keperluan penelitian dan pemuliaan tanaman. Tipe-tipe yang diamati adalah Malang (A), Cilawu/Anggrek (B), Madagaskar (C), Gisting (D), Ungaran Daun Tebal (E), Ungaran Daun Tipis (F), dan Chili (G). tanaman yang diamati tiap tipe ada 20 sampel yang diamati secara acak. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji berpasangan t-test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tipe-tipe panili yang memiliki nilai tertinggi pada beberapa sifat yang diamati (daun, batang dan produksi) adalah Cilawur/Anggrek, Ungaran Daun Tebal dan Ungaran Daun Tipis. Kemudian menyusul tipe Malang dan Gisting. Serta tipe Madagaskar dan Chili yang memiliki nilai terendah
Analisis Finansial Usaha Penyulingan Minyak Lada
No full textAnalisis financial usaha penyulingan minyak lada telah dilakukan di desa Capkala, Kabupaten Sambas Propinsi Kalimantan Barat. Penelitian ini merupakan studi kasus dengan menggunakan data penerimaan dan pengeluaran selama periode usaha tahun 1990-1993 (4 tahun). Data analisis dengan analisis kelayakan financial yang meliputi analisis harga pokok proses, Benefit cost ratio (B/C ratio), Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of return (IRR) dan Payback period. Dari hasil analisis financial dapat disimpulkan bahwa usaha penyulingan minyak lada tersebut cukup layak yang ditunjukkan dengan indicator kelayakan sebagai berikut : (1) harga pokok proses dibawah harga jual (59 – 68%); (2) B/C ratio lebih dari satu (1.55); (3) NPV positip (Rp. 7.983.577,-); (4) IRR lebih besar dari suku bunga bank (55.75%); dan (5) payback period 1 tahun 2.4 bulan
Pengaruh Temperatur, Kelembaban dan Cahaya Terhadap Pertumbuhan In Vitro Rhizoctonia Solani KUHN. Asal Tanaman Mentha Piperita
No full textTelah dilakukan penelitian pengaruh temperatur, kelembaban dan cahaya terhadap pertumbuhan in vitro Rhizoctoniasolani Kuhn., penyebab penyakit busuk pangkal batang tanaman menthe. Isolat R.solani yang di gunakan berasal dari tanaman menthasakit di kebun percobaan di Gunung Putri. Perlakuanyang di uji adalah temperatur.Kelembaban dan cahaya dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap. Penelitian dilaku-kan di laboratorium penyakit, Balai Penelitian Tanaman Repah dan Obat, Bogor. Hasil perobaan menunjukkan bahwa R.solaniI dapat tumbuh pada temperatur 13sampai dengan 30o C, optimum pada temparatur 25oC. pada temperatur 13 dan 20oC pertumbuhan jamur tertekan, temperatur 35oC jamur tidak tumbuh tetapidapat bertahan dan pada temperature 40oC menyebabkan kematian jamur. Pada kelembaban 100% dan cahaya yangterus menerus pertumbuhan jamur lebih baik