Signifikan: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi
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Does Reporting of Aksi Cepat Tanggap Cases Affected Public Trust on Zakat Institutions?
Full text linkResearch Originality: Funds misallocation comitted by ACT identified as fraud and the non-transparent financial that reported in online mass online media in terms of negative reporting. This influence has never been studied on the loyalty of zakat payer (muzakki) of paying Zakat, Infaq, and Shadaqah (ZIS) in Islamic philanthropy institutions (LAZ) admidst related to negative reporting of ACT.Research Objectives: This research analyze the impact of transparency, fraud management and the cases reporting of ACT on public trust in paying zakat, infaq, shadaqah in other Islamic philanthropy institutions.Research Methods: This research setted in the Bogor City among 100 respondents of muzakki in the year 2023 and 2024. Then, multiple linear regression were involved to analyze the impact of independent variables on dependent variable.Empirical Results: The results reveal that being transparent and avoiding fraud cases will significantly increase public trust in paying ZIS at LAZ institutions. Meanwhile, coverage of the ACT cases had no impact on the loyalty of muzakki who were also well-educated.Implications: LAZ are encouraged to provide information related to ZIS funds management, so that trust of the muzakki will increase. Besides, LAZ also needs to have a strong internal control system to enforce transparency in financial reporting, and effective monitoring mechanisms to prevent fraud.JEL Classification: G23, G30, Z1
Tax Aggresiveness Analyis: The Role of Internal Financial Factors
Full text linkResearch Originality: This research may suggest a deeper relationship between internal company factors and tax aggressiveness, which has not been studied explicitly. Many studies examine the influence of external factors, but this study can highlight how a company\u27s internal financial and tax management decisions can influence tax aggressiveness.Research Objectives: This study investigates the influence of several financial factors, such as thin capitalization, financial distress, and earnings management, on tax aggressiveness.Research Methods: This study analyzed 310 data from manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange from 2019 to 2023.Empirical Results: This study found that the high thin capitalization range can reduce tax aggressiveness. Conversely, earnings management is one tool used by management to reduce tax aggressiveness, while financial distress has no impact on tax aggressiveness.Implications: The study suggests that while certain financial practices influence tax aggressiveness, broader factors such as financial stability, investor relations, and risk management also play a significant role.JEL Classification: M41, H2
Do Natural Resources Affect Unemployment? Evidence from Indonesian Province Panel Data
Full text linkSince the stipulation of regional autonomy in the early 2000s, local governments have managed their revenues and expenditures independently, in direct or revenue-sharing funds from the Central Government, including income from natural resource exploitation. This study aims to identify the region with high natural resources, especially from the mining and quarrying sectors, expected to improve its human resources quality, focusing on the employment sector. In addition, this study identifies the impact of natural resources on reducing unemployment in 34 provinces in 2015-2021. A previous study implemented natural resources rent to proxy natural resources in a region. However, identification of this proxy has been challenging due to the considerable informality in Indonesia. This study employs mining and quarrying sectors to proxy natural resources as a comprehensive output of a region. The data used in this study was secondary data sourced from the National Statistics Board (BPS). The analysis method of this study was fixed effect with the Human Development Index (HDI) and the unemployment rate as the dependent variable. The results of this study revealed that regional natural resources did not impact HDI or reduce the unemployment rate in a province, indicating that the mining and quarrying sectors did not contribute to improving the quality of human resources and reducing unemployment significantly.JEL Classification: C01, O13, O15, O17How to Cite:Gunawan, B. T (2023). Do Natural Resources Affect Unemployment? Evidence From Indonesian Province Panel Data. Signifikan: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi, 12(2), 231-244. https://doi.org/10.15408/sjie.v12i2.3182
The Effect of Environmental Tax - Spending Mix on Province Air Quality
Full text linkThe provincial government in Indonesia has been mandated to collect environmental-related taxes in recurrent vehicle taxes, vehicle transfer taxes, and gasoline taxes. These vehicle-related taxes have been the dominant type for the provincial government. Yet, the environment-related spending has been relatively low, within 1-3% of total expenditures. This study examines to what extent such environmental tax–spending mix affects the environmental outcomes measured by the air quality index. The novelty of this study comes in using detailed environmental-related tax revenues at the sub-national level and providing a context of the large developing country in a decentralized economy – Indonesia – as a case study. Our study finds the link between environmental tax in the case of the vehicle recurrent tax and gasoline tax in improving air quality and environmental quality index, respectively. But on the spending side, there is no evidence that provincial environmental spending may improve the air or environmental quality index. Nonetheless, we found a correlation between the vehicle transfer tax revenues and the share of province environmental spending, implying that environmental tax revenues, to some extent, correspond to the related provincial expenditures on environmental protection. This study signals the need also to expand environmental spending to complement existing environmental tax policy at the provincial level.JEL Classification: H71, H76, Q53How to Cite:Qibthiyyah, R. M., & Zen, F. (2023). The Effect of Environmental Tax Spending Mix on Province Air Quality Index. Signifikan: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi, 12(2), 221-230. https://doi.org/10.15408/sjie.v12i2.32395
Informal Traffic Controller: Study on Shadow Economy in Indonesia
No full textThe urban low-income segment of society survived on their earnings in the informal sector. This study examines the informal traffic controllers in the shadow economy framework who assist incoming cars at traffic-congested intersections and turning lanes in the main cities to earn income. This paper originates from the preliminary study of “Pak Ogah”: the Portrait of Shadow Economy in the Greater Area of Jakarta. The field study was conducted at 60 congested intersections and turning lanes on roadways where the informal traffic controller groups operated. The study employs a mixed method of qualitative and quantitative procedures and conducts a triangulation strategy. The study\u27s implications suggest that the shadow economy was created by institutional failure to anticipate the negative impact of urban development policy.JEL Classification: O17, E26, R41, I32How to Cite:Chalid, P., & Kuswini, I. (2023). Informal Traffic Controller: Study on Shadow Economy in Indonesia. Signifikan: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi, 12(2), 399-412. https://doi.org/10.15408/sjie.v12i2.33434
Stunting and Baby’s Milk: Evidence from Indonesia
Full text linkResearch Originality: This study uniquely examines the relationship between baby milk consumption and stunting rates in Indonesia using a two-stage least squares (2SLS) approach. It fills a gap in understanding why Indonesian consumers prefer sweetened condensed milk over baby formula, despite the increasing prevalence of stunting, offering new insights into the economic and educational factors influencing milk consumption.Research Objectives: To investigate the factors that influence baby milk consumption in Indonesia, such as milk prices, education levels, and population size. Also, to assess the impact of baby milk consumption on stunting rates among Indonesian children.Research Methods: The research uses an econometric approach, specifically two-stage least squares (2SLS) regression, analyzing data from 2005 to 2022.Empirical Results: The results indicate that baby milk consumption is significantly affected by milk prices, education levels, and population size. Interestingly, the study finds that higher consumption of baby milk is correlated with an increase in stunting rates.Implications: The findings suggest a need for greater parental awareness regarding the nutritional value of baby milk and potential policy interventions to regulate milk quality. Additionally, the results highlight the importance of educational campaigns to improve milk consumption behaviors and further research on the nutritional content of available baby milk products to address the stunting problem effectively.JEL Classification: D11, I15, O13, Q18, R2
Economic Growth and Environmental Quality: A Study on Mineral-Rich Provinces in Indonesia
Full text linkResearch Originality: This research focuses on Indonesia\u27s mineral-rich provinces and offers originality through its comprehensive analysis of the bidirectional relationship between economic growth and environmental quality, using the Environmental Quality Index (EQI). Research Objectives: This study examines the relationship between economic growth and environmental quality in the Mineral Economy Provinces of Indonesia.Research Methods: The data used in this research is secondary data from 2015 to 2022. The analysis method employed is the simultaneous equation model using Two Stage Least Squares (2SLS).Empirical Results: The results show that in model 1, economic growth is significantly influenced by exogenous variables such as the environmental quality index, energy consumption, revenue sharing funds, investment, and population. In model 2, environmental quality is significantly influenced by exogenous variables such as GDP, mining output, energy consumption, and forest. Good environmental quality can enhance economic growth. Conversely, increased Economic growth can degrade environmental quality.Implications: The study\u27s findings suggest that policymakers in Indonesia\u27s mineral economy provinces should prioritize sustainable development to balance economic growth with environmental preservation.JEL Classification: Q43, Q50, Q5
The Management of Productive Zakat in Indonesia: The Case of Baznas’ Economic Empowerment Program
Full text linkResearch Originality: This study contributes to the gap in the literature on the empowerment process in measuring the success history of zakat management.Research Objectives: This research aims to measure the factors influencing the improvement of Mustahik\u27s welfare through a mediating variable, namely, the empowerment process.Research Methods: This research uses mixed-method analysis through quantitative and qualitative approaches. Quantitative approach using SEM-PLS.Empirical Results: The study\u27s findings show that the empowerment process is a mediating variable capable of providing more substantial value and a favorable influence on Mustahik welfare, depending on input factors such as zakat funds and mentorship at the individual, organizational, and community levels. Meanwhile, the Z-Chicken initiative had no substantial positive influence on Mustahik\u27s welfare.Implications: The study\u27s findings indicate the necessity of assessing Baznas\u27 management of distribution programs to improve the empowerment process, primarily via the community empowerment method.JEL Classification: I30, I31, O1
Foreign Debt: Causes and Theirs Impact on Economic Growth in Indonesia
Full text linkResearch Originality: This study presents a new analysis of the primary determinants of Indonesia\u27s foreign debt and its impact on economic growth over the 1992-2022 period, offering new insights into debt management strategies.Research Objectives: This study uses 31 years of time series data to analyze the main causes of Indonesia\u27s foreign debt and its effect on economic growth.Research Methods: This research employs a quantitative approach with data analysis techniques, including classical assumptions, Ordinary Least Squares (OLS), simple linear regression, and hypothesis testing.Empirical Results: The results indicate that interest rates do not significantly affect Indonesia\u27s foreign debt, while exchange rates and imports have substantial impacts. Additionally, a significant relationship between foreign debt and economic growth is confirmed.Implications: This study suggests that the Indonesian Government should adopt a multifaceted approach to managing foreign debt, including policies aimed at maintaining low interest rates, strengthening the rupiah, boosting exports, and enhancing government spending efficiency without excessive reliance on external borrowing.JEL Classification: F34, F43, H63, O1
Factors Affecting Economic Growth in Indonesia
Full text linkInclusive economic growth is an important issue in Indonesia, given the country\u27s uneven economic history and many social and economic inequalities. Despite significant economic progress in recent decades, many Indonesians still live in poverty and are marginalized from economic progress. The data used in this study are panel data from cross-sectional data, namely data from 34 provinces in Indonesia, and time series data, namely data from 2012–2021. The analysis technique used is panel data regression with the fixed effect model method. Based on the results of the study, it is clear that the relationship between poverty, unemployment, and economic inequality is negative and significant for inclusive economic growth in Indonesia. The analysis also emphasizes that efforts to achieve inclusive economic growth should focus on community empowerment, investment in education and training, inclusive infrastructure development, and policies focused on sustainable economic development.JEL Classification: I3, J64, D63, O47How to Cite: Yuanita, A., Ramadhan, D. R, & Mukhlis. (2023). Factors Affecting Economic Growth in Indonesia. Signifikan: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi, 12(2), 245-262. https://doi.org/10.15408/sjie.v12i2.31186