Austrian Academy of Sciences

Elektronisches Publikationsportal der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
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    Neue demographische Szenarien zur Zukunft der Evangelischen Kirche in Österreich

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    Die Mitgliederzahl und Struktur der Evangelischen Kirche A.B. und H.B. inÖsterreich haben sich in den letzten Jahrzehnten deutlich verändert. 1971 wardie Evangelische Kirche noch die zweitgrößte Kategorie in derReligionsstatistik (nach der röm.-kath.Kirche), 1981 wurde die EvangelischeKirche bereits von der Gruppe ohne religiöses Bekenntnis überholt.Österreichweit liegen die Evangelischen auch heute noch an dritter Stelle,obwohl die Zahl der Muslime nicht mehr viel geringer ist.Was bringen die nächsten Jahrzehnte für die Entwicklung derKirchenmitgliedschaft? Mit hoher Wahrscheinlichkeit wird die Zahl derKirchenmitglieder weiter abnehmen und ihre Altersstruktur deutlich älterwerden. Durch die Tatsache, dass in Österreich derzeit über 80 Prozent allerEvangelischen einen nichtevangelischen Partner heiraten, kommt der Fragenach dem Religionsbekenntnis der Kinder aus #diesen Partnerschaften eineganz zentrale Rolle für die Zukunft der Evangelischen Kirche in Österreich zu.In dieser kleinen demographischen Studie wurden Zahlen aus denVolkszählungen von 1971 bis 2001 analysiert, sowie die Entwicklung der Ein- undAustritte, Taufen und Beerdigungen in den letzten Jahrzehnten betrachtet.Schließlich wurden alternative Szenarien zur Zahl und Altersstruktur derEvangelischen AB in Österreich bis zum Jahr 2031 berechnet

    Vergeiner, Brüder

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    Anton Josef: * 2.3.1858 Freistadt/OÖ, † 31.7.1901 Freistadt. Musiker und Komponist

    RandD-Based Growth in the Post-Modern Era

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    Conventional R&D-based growth theory suggests that productivity growth is positivelycorrelated with population size or population growth, an implication which is hard to see in the data. Here we integrate micro-founded fertility and schooling into an otherwise standardR&D-based growth model. We then show how a Beckerian child quality-quantity trade-offexplains why higher growth of productivity and income per capita are associated with lowerpopulation growth. The medium-run prospects for future economic growth - when fertility isgoing to be below replacement level in virtually all fully developed countries - are thus muchbetter than predicted by conventional R&D-based growth theory.JEL classification: J13, J24, O10, O30, O4

    At Modal Age at Death, the Hazard Rate is Determined by its Derivative

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    The relation between the hazard rate and its derivative at modal age at death, an equivalent towhich has been featured by Pollard (1991), Canudas-Romo (2008), Thatcher et al. (2010), andTuljapurkar and Edwards (2011), is presented as a handy tool in studying mortalitycompression in its period and cohort dimensions. Our analytical findings indicate birthcohorts to differ substantially from the period life tables with respect to the distribution ofdeaths around the mode. Empirical results support theoretical predictions and show thatpreviously reported effect of compression of deaths above the mode might be a feature ofperiod life tables and not of the cohort mortality schedules. Our results are also useful incomputing the modal age at death and sensitivity analysis

    Renting Slaves in Classical Athens: Anatomy of a Legal Form. Akten der Gesellschaft für Griechische und Hellenistische Rechtsgeschichte|(28) Symposion 2019 Akten der Gesellschaft für griechische und hellenistische Rechtsgeschichte Band 28|

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    This article focuses on the legal forms organizing slave labour, and morespecifically on the leasing of slaves in classical Athens, whose scale has been largelyunder-estimated by historians. The recruitment of rented slaves primarily took placein a clearly defined location, the sanctuary of the Anakeion. Leasing slaves hadprobably been subjected to taxation, and there may have existed a procedure to settledisputes connected to this legal transaction. One may finally reconstitute the form ofsuch leasing-contracts by referring to a passage of Xenophon’s Poroi

    External Shocks, Household Consumption and Fertility in Indonesia

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    This paper examines the impact of idiosyncratic income shocks on household consumption,educational expenditure and fertility in Indonesia, and assesses whether the investment inhuman capital of children and fertility are used to smooth household consumption. Usingsix different kinds of self-reported economic hardships, our findings indicate that copingmechanisms are rather efficient for Indonesian households that perceive an economichardship. Only in case of unemployment we find a significant decrease in consumptionspending and educational expenditure while fertility increases. Theses results indicate thathouseholds that perceive an unemployment shock use children as a means for smoothingconsumption. Regarding the death of a household member or natural disaster we find thatconsumption even increases. These results are consistent with the argument that copingmechanisms even over-compensate the actual consumption loss due to an economichardship. One important lesson from our findings is that different types of income shockmay lead to different economic and demographic behavioral adjustments and thereforerequire specific targeted social insurance programs

    Teilband 2: Materielle und immaterielle Kultur

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