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    The Translation of St Sylvester’s Relics from Rome to Nonantola: Itineraries of corpora sacra at the Crossroads between Devotion and Identity in Eighth-Tenth-Century Italy. Medieval Worlds|Movement and Mobility & Ideologies of Translation, III - Volume 13. 2021 medieval worlds Volume 13. 2021|

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    Pope Sylvester I (314-335) became an important figure in the political history of early medieval Italy. His legendary relationship with Constantine I (306-337), the first Christian emperor, played a significant role in establishing his ideological prominence. Declared a saint of the early Roman Church, Sylvester’s relics did not gain much attention until the middle of the eighth century, when they became a source of competition. On the one hand, Roman popes venerated his body in the monastery of St Stephen and St Sylvester, founded by Pope Paul I around 760 inside the Eternal City; on the other hand, the Lombard king Aistulf and his brother-in-law, Abbot Anselm, claimed to have brought Sylvester’s relics north, in order to have them buried in Anselm’s newly founded monastery of Nonantola in the Po Valley. Scholars would appear to have overlooked this major issue when investigating the relationship between Lombard elite society and Roman popes in the eighth century. This article will therefore consider the dates, forms, and narratives of the translatio of St Sylvester in order to evaluate Nonantola’s political and ideological involvement in this »holy« movement. The main argument is that through the »journey« of Sylvester’s relics within the Lombard kingdom, King Aistulf was able to increase his prestige and political influence. For its part, Nonantola rewrote the history of its origins by centring it on the relics of the Constantinian pontiff and those of Pope Hadrian I, in order to claim political and spiritual primacy throughout the medieval period

    On the regularization effect of stochastic gradient descent applied to least-squares. ETNA - Electronic Transactions on Numerical Analysis

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    We study the behavior of the stochastic gradient descent methodapplied to Axb22min\|Ax -b \|_2^2 \rightarrow \min for invertible matrices ARn×nA \in \mathbb{R}^{n \times n}. We show that there is an explicit constant cAc_{A} depending (mildly) on AA such thatEAxk+1b22(1+cAAF2)Axkb222AF2ATA(xkx)22. \mathbb{E}\left\| Ax_{k+1}-b\right\|^2_{2} \leq \left(1 + \frac{c_{A}}{\|A\|_F^2}\right) \left\|A x_k -b \right\|^2_{2} - \frac{2}{\|A\|_F^2} \left\|A^T A (x_k - x)\right\|^2_{2}.This is a curious inequality since the last term involves one additional matrix multiplication applied to the error xkxx_k - x compared to the remaining terms: if the projection of xkxx_k - x onto the subspace of singular vectors corresponding to large singular values is large, then the stochastic gradient descent method leads to a fast regularization. For symmetric matrices, this inequality has an extension to higher-order Sobolev spaces. This explains a (known) regularization phenomenon: an energy cascade from large singular values to small singular values acts as a regularizer

    Ancient DNA from Punta di Zambrone: Minute Traces of 3000-year-old DNA or ‘Much Ado About Nothing’?. Orea|Punta di Zambrone I Oriental and European Archaeology Volume 17|

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    In this study we set out to characterise ancient DNA extracted from human bones unearthed during archaeological excavations in Punta di Zambrone (Calabria, Italy) in the year 2011. Hard tissue remains consisted mainly of animal bones, but also of some human skeletal fragments that were taken for ancient DNA analysis after anthropological investigation: No nuclear DNA was detected but moderate amounts of mitochondrial DNA. Nevertheless, the results enabled allocation of reputed mitochondrial haplotypes and ethno-geographical assignments for each sample analysed. Given that all samples stem from the same individual,6 by merging single sample results we constructed a (hypothetical) merged/consensual haplotype in order to assess the main objective of this study: were the humans living and dying at the ancient site of Punta di Zambrone locals or did they hail from another area? Additionally, we report the planning and realisation of the Punta di Zambrone excavation and archaeometric investigations, which could serve as a procedural model in molecular archaeology

    Under-Five Child Growth and Nutrition Status: Spatial Clustering of Indian Districts

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    Variation in human growth and the genetic and environmental factors that are influencing it have been described worldwide. The objective of this study is to assess the geographical variance of under-five children nutritional status and its related covariates across Indian districts. We use the most recent fourth round of the Indian National Family Health Survey conducted in 2015-2016, which for the first time offers district level information. We employ principal component analysis (PCA) on the demographic and socio-economic determinants of childhood morbidity and conduct hierarchical clustering analysis to identify geographical patterns in nutritional status among children of age under five at the district level. Our results reveal strong geographical clustering among the districts of India. Throughout most of Southern India, children are provided with relatively better conditions for growth and improved nutritional status, as compared to districts in the central, particularly rural parts of India. Looking at average weight, as well as the proportion of children that suffer from underweight and wasting, northeastern Indian districts seem to be offering living conditions more conducive to healthy child development. The geographical clustering of malnutrition, as well as below-average child height and weight coincides with high poverty, low female education, lower BMI among mothers, higher prevalence of both parity 4+ and teenage pregnancies. The present study highlights the importance of combining PCA and cluster analysis methods in studying variation in under-five child growth and nutrition at the district level. We identify the geographical areas, where children are under severe risk of undernutrition, stunting and wasting and contribute to formulating policies to improve child nutrition in India

    Ebermann (geb. Friedwagner),Hedwig

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    * 3.8.1920 Michaelnbach/OÖ, † 20.7.2007 Grieskirchen/OÖ. Organistin, Chorleiterin, Musikschullehrerin

    Zahajkevyč (Zahajkiewicz, Zahajkewycz), Volodymyr (Wołodymyr) Viktorovyč

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    (1876 - 1949), Politiker und Juris

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