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Does Dual Citizenship Endanger Ethnic Cohabitation? How the South Tyrolean Population Views a Supplementary Austrian Citizenship . Sitzungsberichte der philosophisch-historischen Klasse|Dual Citizenship and Naturalisation|
No full textA relatively new trend in research and public debates about dual citizenship is the collective granting of citizenship to nationally and ethnically related minority populations residing in neighbouring countries, as practised by Hungary or Italy (see the contributions in this volume by Pogonyi and by Pallaver and Denicolò – Chapters 7 and 9 respectively). A former Austrian federal government (2017–2019) proposed to offer Austrian citizenship to German- and Ladin-speaking South Tyroleans in addition to their Italian citizenship. The main argument for this proposal was to strengthen the historical and cultural relationship between the ethnic minorities of South Tyrol and their “fatherland” or “protecting nation”, Austria. The topic of this study was the attitude of South Tyroleans towards this proposal. This attitude had not been investigated before, although several politicians and commentators had argued that South Tyroleans are very interested in it. This specific question was put into a larger theoretical and political context in two ways: on the one hand, the importance attached to citizenship by regional populations and, on the other, the political units with which the South Tyroleans identify today, especially their relationship with Austria. To this end, the social research institute apollis in Bolzano-Bozen interviewed a representative sample of South Tyroleans in spring 2019. The results show, surprisingly, that only a minority of them appreciate this Austrian proposal. One of the main reasons is the fear that dual citizenship would somewhat impair the coexistence of the language groups in South Tyrol. As far as ethnic-national identity is concerned, most of the respondents feel the closest to the region in which they live (South Tyrol) but very few identify with Austria, even among the German-speaking South Tyroleans. The most unexpected finding of the study is that the differences in perceptions and attitudes regarding the proposal are very slight between German- and Italian-speaking South Tyroleans. The validity of these findings is supported by the fact that similar results were obtained in surveys conducted among Hungarians living in Slovakia and among Romanians in Serbia and Ukraine
The View of Expatriate Austrians on Dual Citizenship: The Results of a Worldwide Survey . Sitzungsberichte der philosophisch-historischen Klasse|Dual Citizenship and Naturalisation|
No full textThis chapter presents and discusses the results of a worldwide survey on dual citizenship among Austrians living abroad. A total of 2,403 people took part. The questions mainly focused on the respondents’ attitudes towards (dual) citizenship. Most respondents showed a great interest in the subject. However, there are significant differences regarding the host country, the duration of stay in the foreign country and the level of education. Persons living in a Western country, as well as those with higher education, tend to be more in favour of dual citizenship. The longer people stay in a country, the more important the topic becomes to them. However, after a certain time (more than 20 years), the importance decreases again. The respondents evaluate citizenship not only for its symbolic and emotional value but also for its strategic advantages
Einleitung. Veröffentlichungen der Kommission für Kunstgeschichte|Schöne Wissenschaften Veröffentlichungen zur Kunstgeschichte 20|
No full textInhaltsverzeichnis. Jahrbuch der Österreichischen Byzantinistik|Jahrbuch der Österreichischen Byzantinistik 70. Band|
No full textConsuming Local and Imported Pots at Kakovatos: Regional and Interregional Connections. Veröffentlichung der Mykenischen Kommission|(Social) Place and Space in Early Mycenaean Greece Mykenische Studien 35|
No full textThe building complex at the acropolis plateau and the three adjacent, richly furnished tholos tombs attest tothe existence of an elite group at the site of Kakovatos during early Mycenaean times. The tombs that contained, amongother precious finds, palatial jars and oval-mouthed amphorae verify the presence of a powerful social group operatingthere during this transformative period, when major social changes took place throughout the Peloponnese with theemergence of political and social hierarchies.An integrated project combining archaeological and scientific data is being carried out concerning both the finer andcoarser pottery from Kakovatos in order to shed light on issues of pottery production and supply. Petrographic datacombined with refiring tests and Neutron Activation Analysis (NAA) are closely associated with the typological andstylistic analysis of the pottery. The assemblage under study comprises plain and decorated ceramics found at the settlementand the tholos tombs, including the palatial jars and the oval-mouthed amphorae, typical transport containers oftenassociated with elite groups.The current study constitutes a first attempt at exploring the local, intraregional and interregional dynamics affectingsocial transformations in this part of the Peloponnese and neighbouring and more distant areas. The preliminary resultssuggest a rather intricate pattern of supply and consumption and a cosmopolitan lifestyle with local and imported potscombined in different activities, such as drinking but also cooking. Based on the variety of imported pots, it seemsthat there are wide connections and access to regional and long-distance networks and intensive circulation betweennorthern Triphylia and other parts of the Peloponnese, as well as between the site and distant regions. Two main linesof connections could be distinguished that link Kakovatos with Crete on the one hand and with other regions of thePeloponnese, especially the northeast (i.e. the Argolid), on the other
TRIPHYLIA AND IONIAN ISLANDS Strategies in Space: The Early Mycenaean Site of Kakovatos in Triphylia. Veröffentlichung der Mykenischen Kommission|(Social) Place and Space in Early Mycenaean Greece Mykenische Studien 35|
No full textKakovatos is mainly known for its three large and richly furnished tholos tombs that rival the wealthiestburials of their time on the Greek mainland. New research in Kakovatos revealed the remains of a building complex ofthe early Mycenaean period on the so-called acropolis. Excavations of the site by Wilhelm Dörpfeld in 1907‒08 hadremained more or less unpublished. The recent fieldwork offered the rare opportunity to explore an early Mycenaeanhabitation site together with the group of associated tombs. The integration of data from neighbouring sites allows usto study the development of Kakovatos in the regional context of Triphylia.The stratigraphy of the excavated building complex provides valuable information about the history of the site in theearly Mycenaean period, when places of regional prominence emerged in the Peloponnese. A rebuilding of an earlierarchitectural phase took place in LH IIB, and during an advanced stage of this phase, the architectural complex wasdestroyed. Just as the tombs stood out among the tombs of the region by their size, expenditure in terms of constructionand wealth of grave offerings, the building complex on the acropolis hill was set apart spatially, clearly visible abovethe Triphylian Plain. We can recognise this as one of the strategies of early Mycenaean elites to elevate themselves symbolically, socially, economically, politically and spatially above the rest of the population
Placing the Kazarma Tholos Tomb within the Early Mycenaean Argolid. Veröffentlichung der Mykenischen Kommission|(Social) Place and Space in Early Mycenaean Greece Mykenische Studien 35|
No full textThe Kazarma tholos tomb constitutes a significant monument of early Mycenaean funerary architecture inthe Argolid. It was excavated at the end of the ‘60s by Evangelia Deilaki and it immediately attracted the attention ofexperts since, amongst other things, it contained richly furnished intact burials and an array of prestigious grave goods,which convincingly denote the high status and connections of the deceased.With this presentation we will attempt to place the Kazarma tholos tomb within the natural and cultural landscape of theearly Mycenaean Argolid. Thus, we will focus on two main axes, topography and social structure. First, it is necessaryto discuss the position of the Kazarma tholos within the natural setting of the Argolid. Its location apparently createsintriguing questions. At the foot of a natural lookout, away from the known centres of the period, without any apparentrelation to a contemporary settlement or other burial structures, but on an important road that connected the ArgivePlain with the Saronic Gulf and the Aegean Sea, the choice of the specific setting for erecting such a monumental funeraryconstruction remains puzzling at least.The second part of our paper focuses on the interpretation of the Kazarma tholos tomb in relation to the evolvingsocio-political structure at the dawn of the Mycenaean Age. What are the elements and interrelations of power in theArgolid and under what conditions does a distinguished individual decide, or is potentially allowed, to build an imposingsymbol of posthumous remembrance on an important trade route? Is it even the case of a dignitary or maybe a localleader and in what way does this paradigm emerge from the overall transforming character of this early phase of theMycenaean Argolid
A Late Helladic IIB Pottery Deposit from the Ano Englianos Ridge at Pylos in Western Messenia. Veröffentlichung der Mykenischen Kommission|(Social) Place and Space in Early Mycenaean Greece Mykenische Studien 35|
No full textThis paper presents the results of the preliminary study of a recently excavated LH IIB pottery assemblagefrom the Ano Englianos ridge at Pylos in western Messenia. The deposit comes from Trench 5Z and its six extensions,situated northeast of Carl Blegen’s Main Building, and was uncovered during the archaeological investigations associatedwith the construction of the new roof over the Palace of Nestor. The material fills a gap in the local sequence andreveals significant information on pottery consumption trends at Pylos during the crucial transition from the early tothe late formative stage of Mycenaean palatial society. Specifically, our analysis suggests that the ceramics from the 5Zdeposit may represent the remains from feasting activities, which occurred during a late stage of LH IIB, and highlightsthe importance of Messenian and Minoan cultural traditions in the gradual formation process of Mycenaean Pylos. Ifcorroborated through future research, these conclusions raise the possibility that LH IIB may have been a key phase forthe elaboration and performance of those feasting practices, which constitute a distinctive feature of the Pylian socialspace during the final Mycenaean Palatial period
Early Mycenaean Wall Paintings from the Palace of Nestor. Veröffentlichung der Mykenischen Kommission|(Social) Place and Space in Early Mycenaean Greece Mykenische Studien 35|
No full textExcavations at Pylos by Carl Blegen and Marion Rawson produced a vast corpus of wall painting fragmentsbelonging to the final phase of decoration at the so-called Palace of Nestor. The simultaneous discovery of depositsof painted plaster in extramural dumps and intramural construction debris, however, indicated the existence of earlierdecorative programmes at the site. The date of such prior programmes has long been a subject of debate. We can nowbegin to resolve this issue using new information provided by the recent shelter excavations at Pylos, which brought tolight painted plaster fragments in deposits of early Mycenaean date. These fragments, which feature monochrome aswell as abstract and figural decoration, help to refine our understanding of the early stylistic, iconographic, and technologicaldevelopment of wall painting on the Greek mainland. This paper presents an overview of the newly uncoveredearly material and offers preliminary observations about its character in comparison with concurrent developmentselsewhere in prehistoric Greece