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Mediating mind-sets: the Cerro Khapía Landscape Reserve in the Peruvian Andes. eco.mont (Journal on Protected Mountain Areas Research and Management)|eco.mont Vol. 13 No. 2 13 2|
No full textThe creation of protected mountain areas is often preceded by conflicts over access and use of natural resources. The case of the Cerro Khapía in the Peruvian Andes, however, points to mountains as not just nature but also culture. More than a decade ago, different ontologies and opposing views on mountains led to protests of the Aymara people against the exploitation of Cerro Khapía by a Canadian mining company, mainly because the mountain is the local Aymara’s apu or tutelary god. Today, Cerro Khapía is temporarily protected as a Reserved Zone and on track to become a permanently protected area. Moreover, it is a case in point of the importance of questioning one’s own ontological viewpoint and mediating different mind-sets
Some Remarks on Blood Vengeance (thaʾr) in Contemporary Yemen. Denkschriften der philosophisch-historischen Klasse|Tribes in Modern Yemen: An Anthology Sammlung Eduard Glaser 18|
No full textClassifying disequilibrium of small mountain glaciers from patterns of surface elevation change distributions
No full textThe overall trend of rapid retreat of Alpine glaciers contains considerable variability of responses at the scale of individual glaciers. As a step towards a regional assessment of glacier state that allows a detailed differentiation of single glaciers, we explore the potential of a self-organizing maps (SOM) algorithm to identify and cluster recurring patterns of thickness change at glaciers in western Austria. Using digital elevation models and glacier inventories for three time periods, we compute the frequency distribution of surface elevation change over the area of each glacier in the data set, for each period. The results of the SOM clustering show a distinct pattern shift over time: From 1969 to 1997, surface elevation change occurred at relatively uniform rates across a given glacier. Since 1997, the distribution of surface elevation change at individual glaciers has been far less uniform, indicating accelerated processes of disintegration. Tracking the evolution of individual glaciers throughout the time periods via the clusters highlights both the broader regional trend as well as glaciers that deviate from this trend, e.g. some very small, high elevation glaciers that have reverted to reduced and more uniform volume loss patterns
The role of education for assessing population health: An analysis of healthy life expectancy by educational attainment for 16 European countries
No full textHealthy life expectancy (HLE) is a prominent summary indicator for evaluating and comparing the levels of population health status across Europe. Variations in HLE, however, do not necessarily reflect underlying differences in health and mortality levels among countries and are particularly sensitive when broken down by population subgroups. For instance, despite European countries showing large HLE inequalities by educational level, these countries are also highly heterogenous regarding their educational population composition, which most likely affects their HLE levels. We demonstrate how this compositional effect shapes HLE levels by providing HLE estimates of educational attainment and gender for 16 European countries using the Sullivan method. We use prevalence data about activities of daily living (ADLs) limitations from the European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC) and mortality data from the Eurostat database. We then quantify the magnitude of educational inequalities based on the composite inequality index (CII). Finally, we express total HLE as the sum of education-specific HLEs, weighted by the educational population structure. As expected, we find large educational inequalities in HLE, with men's CII ranging from about 8.5 years in Portugal to approximately 3 years in Romania. For women, educational inequalities are slightly smaller. The decomposition reveals the population structure's strong effects on HLE, which can elicit misleading conclusions about people's health status and potentially turn HLE into an improper measure of educational differences as opposed to a measure of health gaps. For example, low-, medium-, and highly educated individuals in Portugal show more healthy life years than their counterparts in Poland. Still, Poland's total HLE value slightly exceeds that of Portugal, indicating favorable health and mortality conditions in Poland. However, Poland's greater relative number of highly educated individuals in its population is responsible for producing this higher total HLE value. We conclude that education is not only paramount for assessing health inequalities across European countries, but also the population composition by educational attainment, because it drives the differences in HLE levels
Human Remains from the Filling of the Bronze Age Fortification Ditch of Punta di Zambrone (Italy). Orea|Punta di Zambrone I Oriental and European Archaeology Volume 17|
No full textArchaeological excavations at Punta di Zambrone (Calabria, Italy) lead to the recovery of severely fragmented human remains in a fortification ditch (Area C). Besides other findings like animal bones and artefacts, the filling of this ditch also contained a large amount of plant ash, indicative of a prolonged period of fire-related processes, dating back to the 2nd millennium BC. Comprehensive anthropological investigations were carried out to determine the sex and age as well as the health status of the discarded individuals. Apart from this, a set of methods from forensic anthropology were applied to reconstruct the circumstances of death and related taphonomic processes. The reassociation of skeletal fragments from the ditch revealed a minimum number of two individuals. Most of the bone fragments were assigned to an early adult individual of questionable sex. The remaining fragments could be tentatively assigned to a slightly younger (adolescent) individual. However, for the adolescent individual, the low number of associated bone fragments rendered macroscopic sexing elusive. Dental enamel hypoplasias were present on one premolar, indicating stress-induced perturbation of crown formation during childhood for one of the individuals. In addition, the same individual also displayed new bone formation around the external auditory pore (porus acusticus externus) in the tympanic portion of the temporal bone, suggestive of an inflammatory process affecting the external ear. Remarkably, none of the human bone fragments exhibited burn marks. This finding rules out the possibility of a direct link with the assumed burning event. Taphonomic reconstruction of the excavation site suggests that the remains of at least one of the excavated individuals have undergone multiple disturbances after deposition
Gesamt PDF - Die mittelalterlichen Handschriften in der Bibliothek des Augustiner Chorherrenstiftes Neustift. Denkschriften der philosophisch-historischen Klasse|Die mittelalterlichen Handschriften in der Bibliothek des Augustiner Chorherrenstiftes Neustift Denkschriften der philosophisch-historischen Klasse 364. Band|
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