Aceh Journal of Animal Science
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Temporal of reef fish communities in the coastal water of Krueng Raya, Aceh Besar Regency, Indonesia
Full text linkKrueng Raya waters have a big potency on coral reef fish; However, there was no study was conducted to document this biodiversity. This data are crucial for the conservation plan. Therefore, the objective of the study was to examine the community structure of reef fish in the Krueng Raya coastal waters, Mesjid Raya Subdistrict, Aceh Besar, Indonesia. The sampling was conducted from January 2014 to December2016. The data were collected at three stations by the Visual Census method with a depth of 3-4 meters. The research foundthe averageamount of reef fish was 1743 individuals that were consisted of 93 species and comprised of 26 families. The Families dominating were Pomacentridae, Acanthuridae, Chaetodontidae, and Labridae. The distribution level of reef fish individually was influenced by the environmental conditions of the coral reef ecosystem. The severe condition of the coral ecosystem in the Krueng Raya coastal waters was caused by two factors. Firstly, fishing activities of the locals and tourists who deliberately stepping on the coral colonies and using unfriendly tools to catch the fish (speargun). Another factor was the occurrence of coral bleaching in 2016, of which almost 80% of the coral ecosystem in the Krueng Raya coastal waters was exposed to this phenomenon (bleaching).Keywords:Reef Fish, Acanthurida,Communities Structure, Krueng Ray
Shallow-water hard corals (Hexacorallia: Scleractinia) from Bangka Belitung Islands Waters, Indonesia
Full text linkBangka Belitung Islands (Sumatra, Indonesia) has various coastal resources, e.g., coral reefs, seagrass beds, mangrove forests. However, the coral community has been threatened by anthropogenic activities, i.e., tin mining and illegal tin mining. Threatened species assessment is important for mitigation of coral losses and management. The ojective of the present study was to examine the status of Scleractinian corals in Bangka Belitung Islands, Indonesia. A line intercept transect was performed for the coral reef survey. Live and dead coral cover were recorded in the three locations. Corals species were identified following taxonomic revisions. The results showed that there were 142 species of Scleractinian corals recorded from Bangka Belitung Islands. Of these, 22 species are the new report from the areas of the the eastern part of Belitung Island.Family of Merulinidae, Acroporidae, and Poritidae were predominant group in this region. It is concluded that the condition of the coral reef ecosystem in the Belitung Islands is relatively good, but fair in Gaspar Strait and Bangka Island.Keywords: Coral cover, coral diversity, hard coral, Scleractini
Molecular characterization of Pasteurella multocida pfhaB1 gene fragment from buffalo and cattle isolates from Nusa Tenggara Timur Indonesia
Full text linkAlmost all regions in Nusa Tenggara Timur East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) Province Indonesia are endemic areas of Haemorragic Septicaemia (HS), which is caused byPasteurella multocida(P. multocida )Serotypes B: 2. The fragmentpfhaB1gene is one of the virulence factors ofP. multocida.The objective of this study was to determaine the phylogenetic, homology ofP. multocidapfhaB1gene fragment of isolatedfrom Buffalo and Cattle in NTT. TheP. multocidaisolateswere re-cultured and further microscopic examined the biochemical tests, PCR, sequencing, homology, and phylogenetic relatedness test.P. multocidawas observed as gram negative, coccobacilus,no growth on MacConkey Agar, does not produce H2S and gas, nonmotile and indole positive, does not produce urease enzymes, does not use citrate as a carbon source, does not ferment maltose and lactose but it does ferment glucose, sucrose and mannitol. ThepfhaB1gene fragmentfrom buffalo and cattle NTT isolates and also Katha strain vaccine showed DNA band 506 bp.P.multocidaisolates from buffalo and cattle in NTT have 91% - 99% score homology with the comparative isolate. The isolateP. multocidafrom buffalo and cattle in NTT are in one cluster and their phylogenetic relatedness is close to isolates from Iran and India. It is concluded that thepfhaB1gene fragmentofP. multocidafrom buffalo and cattle isolates have phylogenetic relatedness close and homolog with the other comparative isolates.Keywords:Haemorrhagic Septicaemia; Nusa Tenggara Timur;Pasteurella multocida;pfhaB1gen
Length-weight relationship and environmental parameters of Macrobrachium malayanum (J. Roux, 1935) in Senggarang Water Flow, Tanjungpinang City, Riau Islands, Indonesia
Full text linkMacrobrachium malayanum (J. Roux, 1935) is a freshwater prawn occuring in Senggarang Water Flow, Tanjungpinang City, Riau Island, Indonesia. Least concern (LC) status of the IUCN red list threatened species and limited research about this species in Senggarang Water Flow cause this basic research is important to do. The objectives of the study were to examine the length-weight relationship of the M. malayanum in Senggarang Water Flow, Tanjungpinang City, Riau Island Province, Indonesia. A total of 84 samples were used in this study consist of 32 samples in February and 52 samples in April. Length-weight relationship of M. malayanum in February was W= 0.093TL1.425 (R2 = 0.59) and W=0.052TL2.195 (R2 = 0.75). Samples in February and April showed negative allometric growth. A temporal analysis of the negative allometric in b value showed in April (2.195) more larger than February (1.425). Environmental parameters such as temperature, current, dissolved oxygen, pH, salinity, nitrate, and phospate are still appropriate condition. M. malayanum found in substrate type slightly gravelly sand and gravelly sand
Effect of different water pH on hatching and survival rates of African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Pisces: Clariidae)
Full text linkWater quality parameters influence the growth and survival of different stages of fishes and hence determining the optimal water quality variables is greatly important for any aquaculture farming. Among the variables, water pH is considered the key factors and plays an important role in the maintenance of the homeostasis in fishes.A study was conducted to determine the influence of different water pH on the incubation period, hatching rate and survival rate ofAfrican catfish (Clarias gariepinus) larvae. The fertilized eggs were incubated at 28.0 1.0 C with different levels of water pH ranging from 3-10.Twenty four pH levels were tested for incubation period and egg hatchability while 15 pH levels were tested for larval survivability in a completely randomized design with three replicates for each treatment.Just hatched larvae were used for this study and the effect was observed until 72 h post-hatching. Water pH was maintained by the addition of NaOH or H2SO4solutions. The incubation times of fertilized eggs were recorded to be 23.525.0 h at pH levels of 6.18.8. The increased incubation time was noticed at the rest of the acidic and alkaline pH levels. Significantly highest hatching rate was observed at the pH levels of 6.77.6 compared to those at lower and higher pH levels(P0.05). However, no significant differences(P0.05)were recognized in the hatching rates at the pH levels of 6.7 7.6. No hatching occurred at low pH levels between 3.1 and 3.4 and at high pH of 10. After 72 h of exposure to different pH levels, no larvae survived at pH levels below 4.5 and above 9.0.Highest larval survival (98%) was observed at pH 7.0 followed by 94% at pH 7.5 and 92% at pH 6.5. The results obtained in the present study revealed embryos and larvae can survive and tolerate to a low pH level of 3.7 and 4.5, respectively but the survival rates decreased with decreasing pH levels.Therefore, a water pH level of 6.77.5 is highly recommended for optimal hatching and highest larval viability ofC. gariepinus
Endoparasite worms infestation on Skipjack tuna Katsuwonus pelamis from Sibolga waters, Indonesia
Full text linkSkipjack tunaKatsuwonus pelamisis one of the commercial species of fishes in Indonesia frequently caught by fishermen in Sibolga waters, North Sumatra Province. There is, however, presently no study conducted on the endoparasites infestation in these fishes. Therefore, the objectives of the present study were to identify endoparasitic worms and examine the intensity level in skipjack tunaK. pelamisfrom Sibolga waters. Sampling was conducted in Debora Private Fishing Port, Sibolga from 4th to 18th June 2019 and a total of 20 fish samples with weight ranged between 740 g and 1.200 g and length from 37.2 cm to 41.4 cm were analyzed in the study. The identification of the worm was conducted in the laboratory using a stereo microscope. The results showed seven species or genera of worms were found in the intestine and stomach of the fish with varying level of intensity and incidence. For example,Echinorhynchussp. was found with 100% intestinal and 10% stomach incidences at a total intensity of 8.5;Acanthocephalussp. with 25% intestinal incidence and 1.6 intensity, Rhadinorhynchussp. with 25% intestinal and 5% stomach incidences, and 1.5 intensity;Leptorhynchoidessp. with 25% intestinal incidences, and 1 intensity; Neoechinorhynchussp. with 25% intestinal incidences, and 1.4 intensity;Pomphorhynchussp. with 10% intestinal incidence, and 1.5 intensity;andApororhynchussp. with 10% intestinal incidences and 1 intensity.Echinorhynchussp. was concluded to have the highest incidence and intensity
Irradiation of intraerythrocytic Plasmodium berghei with a fractionated dose of gamma rays does not effectively reduce the infectivity in mice Mus musculus
Full text linkMalaria infection kills more than one million human every year, mainly under-5-year-old children, including in South East Asian nations. Gamma radiation given at a single dose is commonly used to create the attenuated Plasmodium parasites to get vaccine materials. However, there is no study on the infectivity of parasites after fractionated -radiation. This study aimed to assess the infectivity of parasites after irradiated with fractionated -rays in mice. A number ofPlasmodium bergheithat was irradiated in two fractions of 100 and 50 Gy, 100 and 75 Gy; and 100 and 100 Gy within 5 minutes of interval time was injected intraperitoneally into 12 mice. Mice injected with unirradiated parasites (0 Gy) served as a control group. The parasitemia level of intraerythrocytic parasites in each group was observed at days post injection up to 20 days by making Giemsa stained thin blood smears and observed under the microscope. Results showed that fractionation radiation did not effectively attenuate the parasites where they still grew in blood of mice, except for 100+75 Gy. There are no significant differences among the treatment groups (p0.05). This is different from irradiation at the single dose that resulted in almost completely attenuated parasites mainly the dose of 150 Gy. This implicating that irradiation of gamma rays at a single dose is a better way to mitigate parasites than fractionation dose as the infectivity of irradiated parasites were lower compared to that of fractionated dosage.Keywords:Malaria vaccine, Gamma radiation, Fractionation, Parasitemi
Length-weight relationships and condition factors of four dominant fish caught by coral bubu trap on the west coast of Batam Island, Indonesia
Full text linkOne of the important components in aquatic ecosystems is fish diversity, which is a key factor in determining its functionality. The coral reef fish is one of the aquatic biotas susceptible to pollutants. Besides being able to influence the composition of fish diversity, it also has an impact on its biological factors, such as its length-weight and conditions. This study aims to examine the relationship of length-weight and condition factors of four dominant fishes caught, which are ecologically and economically important, namelyLates calcarifer,Parachaetodon ocellatus,Stephanolepis cirrhifer,andChelmon rostractus.These fish species were dominantly caught usingbubutrap. The results of the length-weight relationship were b3 of all species, with an exponent value of 2.247 for theL. calcarifer; 1.932 forP. ocellatus; 2.74 forS. cirrhiferand 2.84 forC. rostractus. Fultons (K) condition factor forL. cariferranged from 15.55-21.06 (average: 17.95), forP.ocellatusranging from 27.30-35.59 (average: 30.38), forS. cirrhiferranged from 17.58-27.23 (average: 21.29), and forC. rostractusranging from 21.86-30.95 (average: 24.24). While the relative weight (Wr) condition factor average value ofL. calcariferis 102.53,P. ocellatusis 100.88,S. cirrhiferis 101.72, andC. rostractusis 101.11.It is concluded that the fish had an allometrict growth pattern, and condition factor values indicate good aquatic environmental conditions and a balance between prey and predatorKeywords:Length-Weight;Growth Pattern;Condition Factor
The comparative study of geographically and demographically of the of animal protein consumption from livestock source
Full text linkLivestock is one of the important sources forprotein in Jambi Province. However, the information on the consumption behavior of animal protein by local people was not available . Hence, the study aimed to analyze the behavior of consumption of protein sources from livestock between geographically and demographically separate regions.The researchsurveyconductedforsixmonthsusingcross-section datawith the unitof analysisis the household.The multistage clusterrandom sampling(CRS) technique was usedto selectthreetypessub-districts(urban,migrantandnativerural)inthreedistrictsrepresentingthe western,central and eastern.The selected numbers of 150 householdswhere areallocatedequally with50electedforeach district.Simultaneous equationsmodel ofAIDS(Almost IdealDemand System)was usedtoanalyze the difference inthe proportion ofconsumer spendingforfood material sources ofanimal protein from livestock. The AIDS model estimated bySeeminglyUnrelatedEquation (SUR) techniqueusingtheSAS/ETS9.12. The result showed thatgeographically,the household expenditure for eggs significantdifferencesamong the others andthe highestoccurineastern regions; while demographically, the household expenditure formeatin rural areas was significantly higher thanin the urban, butfordairysignificantly higher than in urban areas. The household expenditure for eggs more responsive to the other prices, but the meat more responsive to own and dairy prices. The same non-price factor was significantly influenced to all commodities for livestock products, andthe relationship between eggandmeatcommoditiesweresubstituted, butwithdairywascomplementary. It is concluded that demographic factors are more influential than geographic factors on the behavior of animal protein consumption from livestockKeywords: Geographically, Demographically, Livestock, Protein, AID
Gonad maturity of simping Placuna placenta, Linn 1758 (Bivalve: Placunidae) harvested from Kronjo Coastal, Indonesia
Full text linkSimping (P. placenta) is a coastalresourcefoundin shallow water with amuddysubstrate.Simping widely used as a source of food and as raw material for the decoration.Utilization ofsimpinguntil now has not yetfocusedonrecruitment, reproductive aspect. This information is important as abasisdata for determining the size of thesimpingcatch. This study aimed to find out about of reproduction aspect, determining sex ratio the size of the catchsimping.This research was conduct for three months at 3 locations.The number of samples in the analysis is 36 species to determine sex ratio and gonad maturity.Sex ratio indifferent from male and female, but based on thetimesex ratio ofsimping significant,both male and female. The lengthsize of gonads shellfish matures form 5.50 cm and 5.85 cm at 2 TKG conditions. Length ofsimpingmature from 6.08 cm, 6.24 cm, 6.45 cm and 7.11 cm dominant at TKG mature stage 3,and 8.61 cm dominant at 4 TKG conditions. Sex ratioreaches6 cm shell length and not significant between males and females (M: F=1;1).It is concluded that thelevel of maturity of gonads increases with increasing of simping size