1955 research outputs found
Sort by
Improving Digital Competences of Persons with Disabilities as a Precondition for an Inclusive Digital Economy: Evidence from Serbia
Get PDFIn a digitally-driven world with a
constant need for digital workers, policymakers
and organizations are focusing on digital labor as
an employment strategy. Digital labor is
characterized by the production of value which
results from the interaction with ICTs, such as
digital entrepreneurship and digital platforms.
Entrepreneurship in digital platforms offers
flexible work arrangements in terms of timetable
and workplace. This employment opportunity is
especially beneficial for persons who face physical
barriers in the workplace or have to adapt the pace
of work to their needs, such as persons with
disabilities (PWDs). In Serbia, PWDs face high
and tenacious unemployment rates. They result
from workplace discrimination, unperformed
assessment of work-related functional abilities,
unfavorable socioeconomic background, and lack
of professional skills. Despite the fact that creators
of labor market policies in Serbia have introduced
initiatives which should help in developing digital
professional skills among PWDs, they are still very
few. Besides, these initiatives mostly offer basic
digital competences trainings for PWDs, which are
not sufficient for gaining employment in the digital
labor market. This paper shows that there is a
need to understand whether PWDs perceive digital
self-employment through digital entrepreneurship
and digital platforms as a viable solution for the
unemployment issue they face. This information
can help create new training initiatives that would
put the knowledge acquired to practical use
Naučno-tehnološka saradnja između akademskog i privrednog sektora u Republici Srbiji
No full textДа би научно-технолошке политике ефикасније решавале изазове који се односе на
недовољну сарадњу академског и привредног сектора који је и даље веома присутан,
неопходно је стећи потпуно разумевање различитих врста интеракција и типова сарадње који
се реализују између два сектора. Предмет истраживања ове докторске дисертације је
испитивање фактора који утичу на успостављање и интензитет сарадње између академског и
привредног сектора Републике Србије као и истраживање структурних карактеристика
умрежавања. Главни циљ дисертације је откривање главних карактеристика и испитивање
општих образаца научно-технолошке сарадње између академског и привредног сектора.
Коришћењем методе анализе и синтезе идентификовани су кључни фактори који утичу на
сарадњу академског и привредног сектора, а затим је применом регресионе анализе испитан
њихов утицај на интензитет сарадње ова два сектора у Републици Србији. Поред тога,
резултати истраживања структурних карактеристика умрежавања применом мрежне анализе
су показали да академски сектор заузима централну функцију у мрежној структури сарадње
два сектора и да има круцијалну функцију у процесу трансфера знања и токова информација
у истраживачким и иновационим мрежама.
Истраживање спроведено у овој дисертацији преставља важан корак ка бољем разумевању
односа академског и привредног сектора Републике Србије. Поред научног доприноса
резултата који се односи на емпиријску потврду тј. оповргавање претходних истраживачких
резултата и теоријски допринос постојећој литератури, посебан значај дисертације се огледа
у имплементацији новог методолошког приступа за оцењивање интензитета повезаности
академског и привредног сектора који има значајан потенцијал примене у области научне и
иновационе политике
Innovation Capacities of Serbian Enterprises Before and During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Get PDFThe subject of this is the analysis of the innovation capabilities of enterprises in the
Republic of Serbia. The emphasizes the importance of innovation in improving every
company's business, regardless of its size or activity, with a particular focus on the
enterprises operating in the tourism and hospitality industry. The aims to examine the
ability of enterprises in Serbia to find in innovations both – sources of competitive
advantage and solutions to the problems they are currently facing. The starts from the
assumption that even though the innovation potentials of enterprises in Serbia are not
fully utilized, positive tendencies can be recognized in the field of innovative activities.
The authors believe that innovation ventures in all business segments, along with
abandoning existing practices and patterns of behavior, represent a precondition for
overcoming the problems that arose during the COVID-19 pandemic
The Efficiency of National Innovation Policy Programs: The Case of Serbia
Get PDFWe aimed to assess the efficiency of the selected national innovation policy programs in
the Republic of Serbia. We analyzed the impact of the Innovation Fund’s Mini-Grants and Matching Grants programs on the operating revenue growth of beneficiary micro, small, and medium
enterprises. An econometric analysis of panel data was conducted. Because of the small number of
periods observed, a model of individual effects was applied. Conclusions and recommendations were
based on the results of random effects models. The findings indicate that program funding increased
business revenues compared to the period before and that there was a direct link between indebtedness and revenue growth, which confirmed the positive impact of financing on the sustainable
development prospects of beneficiaries through facilitating access to funding and innovation capacity
improvement. These findings can have important policy implications as they provide guidelines
for designing future actions and empirically confirm the need to increase public expenditures for
innovation policy
Wellness in Serbian hotels during the Covid-19 pandemics
Get PDFIn the last twenty years, Serbia has significantly improved the number and quality of accommodation facilities in tourism, especially in the hotel industry. The wellness concept in the hotel offer is known as a highly competitive tourist product, which has the capacity to attract domestic and foreign guests. Hotels in Serbia have recognized this possibility and started investing in wellness facilities and equipment, especially in spas with exceptional natural resources (thermal and mineral water, air and peloid). The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively affected the hotel industry, especially in cities. In response to the challenge, wellness hotels respected the measures of the RS Government and the Crisis headquarters but also changed procedures. Our research has shown that the situation regarding the implementation of anti-Covid standards in Serbia wellness hotels is satisfactory
Prospects for the development of trade relations between Russia and China in a changing geopolitical environment
No full textThe paper examines the current issues of trade cooperation between Russia and China. Particular
attention is paid to the dynamics and structure of foreign trade of both countries in a changing global environment — the sanctions policy of Western countries, the implementation of the "Belt and Road" initiative,
China's adoption of a new strategy of "double circulation". It is revealed that despite the positive dynamics
of trade relations there is a significant imbalance in the structure of foreign trade, which is characterized by
the fact that Russia supplies fuel and energy resources to China, while the main share of China's import is
made up of products with high added value. In the long term, the imbalance of economic potential could
have a negative impact on bilateral trade and economic relations between Russia and China. In this regard,
it is necessary to adjust the current model of the Russian economy and develop a new strategy for cooperation, which would allow to overcome the technological lag in the development of major industries.
Keywords: Russia, China; bilateral trade relations; export; import; "double circulation"
Innovative capacity as a driving force of national competitiveness
Get PDFEach national economy has specific characteristics that determine its
innovative capabilities to a greater or lesser extent. National innovation
capacity can be a source of prosperity and growth for the national
economy. Measuring national innovation capacity is very important
because it provides knowledge about the dynamics of inventions in
economic activities. By measuring the innovative capacity of the economy,
indicators are obtained that are significant for the creation of development
policy and are an important element in evaluating the success of its
implementation. The connection between innovation and competitive
advantage is direct and positive because the innovative capacities of
companies can create, support, and make sustainable competitiveness
both in the domestic and foreign markets.
This paper aims to determine whether there is a relationship
between national innovative capacity and competitiveness. To allow for
data mutual comparability and generalization, the research included four
countries: Serbia and three neighboring European Union member countries
(Bulgaria, Hungary, and Romania). The evaluation was conducted using
statistical data from international databases (WEF, INSEAD, and WIPO)
covering 2008 to 2018. The findings indicate a positive relationship between
a country’s competitiveness and innovative capacity, as measured by the
Global Innovation Index and the Global Competitiveness Index. In the cases
of Serbia and Bulgaria, there was a strong correlation between national
competitiveness and the country’s innovation index. In Hungary and
Romania, on the other hand, the correlation coefficient is low. The paper’s
originality is reflected in the analysis and comparison of the innovation
capacities four Eastern European countries (Serbia, Bulgaria, Hungary
and Romania), which are rarely the subject of research in innovation
Brendiranje grada Kraljeva kao destinacije manifestacionog turizma
Get PDFU savremeno doba, sve je veći uticaj globalizacije na različite industrije, pa samim tim i na sektor
turizma. Jedan od bitnih karakteristika savremenog poslovanja jeste i sve izraženija konkurencija među
destinacijama kako u pogledu borbe za resurse, prodaju dobara i usluga, tako i pogledu privlačenja
turista. Na tržištu postoji veliki broj destinacija širom sveta koje imaju relativno dobre receptivne uslove
za boravak turista i veoma bogato kulturno-istorijsko nasleđe, ali nažalost u uslovima savremenog
poslovanja to nije dovoljno da bi se određena turistička destinacija diferencirala na turističkom tržištu .
Zato je neophodno da turistička destinacija kreira jedinstven, prepoznatljiv brend kako bi se izdvojila od
konkurenata i u dužem roku ostvarila održiv rast i razvoj na tržištu. Manifestacije i festivali predstavljaju
značajan element brenda destinacije, odnosno grada, kako u svetu, tako i u Republici Srbiji i poslednjih
par godina prepoznati su kao prioritetni turistički proizvodi. Istraživanje, koje je sprovedeno u junu 2022.
godine na uzorku od 118 ispitanika, pokazalo je da grad Kraljevo ima manifestaciju koja je prepoznatljiva
na tržištu, reč je o dominaciji manifestacije Veseli spust u svim aspektima, kao i druge zanimljive
odrednice brendiranja grada Kraljeva
Export Diversification in the CEFTA 2006 Region. A "U" Shape Pattern
Get PDFThe main purpose of this paper is to evaluate patterns among export diversification along with the economic development in the CEFTA 2006 region. The pattern, which is evaluated here, is a hump-shaped pattern, which states that diversification and re-concentration of export and has a „U“shape relationship withGDP per capita. Hump-shaped pattern suggests that countries add products to their export basket during the early stages of economic development, while high-income countries remove goods for which they have lost a comparative advantage. Consequently, countries are slower to specialize in exporting products in which they have a comparative advantage, which leads to a humpbacked appearance. It may be concluded that one of the driving forces for export diversification is certainly GDP per capita, where diversification and later re-concentration take place mainly through extensive margins. On the other hand, intensive margins do follow the same pattern as extensive margins. Furthermore, extensive margins represent export diversification to new markets, where intensive margins present export diversification of new products. Export diversification is closely related to commodity export dependence. The country is considered to be commodity export-dependent when more than 60 percent of its total merchandise exports are composed of commodities. In these terms, countries with lower export diversification usually suffer from slow development, non-diversified economic structures, macroeconomic instability, economic volatility,"Dutch disease", political instability, poor political and economic governance, etc. Empirical studies reveal that export diversification can promote economic growth and reduce economic volatility. Greater diversification of exports contributes to greater resilience to exogenous shocks as well as stronger long-term growth and development of the country.With greater export diversification of products and greater geographical diversification (extensive and intensive margins), the risk of exogenous negative impacts is reduced. To test the U-shaped hypothesis, we used Herfindahl–Hirschman index as a measurement for export diversification. In this paper, we used secondary data from the UNCTADstat database for export. Data for GDP per capita were gathered from the World Bank database. After calculating the mentioned index for export diversification/specialization for CEFTA 2006 region, we presented a link between mentioned indexes with GDP per capita. Our results reject the null hypothesis, which states that there is a U-shaped relationship between export diversification and GDP per capita in the CEFTA 2006 region. In the CEFTA 2006 region, countries do not follow the path of higher diversified export at lower GDP per capita, and later specialization in exporting products with an increase of GDP per capita, in a product that which they have comparative advantages. The examined period in this paper was from 2007 to 2020 (13 years). Future studies could examine what the main drivers for export diversification are in CEFTA 2006 region. Also, it would be interesting to examine which margins, extensive or intensive, are the main drivers for diversification and later re-concertation at an individual level of each country
Strategic Framework for Inclusion of Persons with Disabilities in Online (Platform) Work
Get PDFThe COVID-19 crisis has accelerated digital transformation and expanded the usage of advanced ICT
solutions globally. Moreover, the expansion of remote work platforms and the tendency of modern businesses to
outsource part of their business operations to individuals in remote locations creates significant potential for finding
employment. According to available data sources, it is estimated that about 700,000 persons in Serbia face some form
of disability. Of that number, only about 13% are employed. As a consequence of facing discrimination, persons with
disabilities have a greater tendency towards long-term unemployment and complete withdrawal from the labor market.
The Internet and advanced digital technologies provide equal opportunities for persons with disabilities to get involved
in the digital labor market and increase their chances to find employment and generate income. This paper aims to
discuss the potential of digital labor platforms for lowering the long-term unemployment of persons with disabilities in
Serbia. Accordingly, the paper provides data on the level of digital competencies of persons with disabilities, since
they are fundamental for obtaining employment on digital labor platforms. For that purpose, the standard desk-research method and secondary data analysis of relevant literature, strategic documents and public policies have been
performed. The research results provide a deeper insight into the current level of digital competencies of persons with
disabilities and suggest a potential solution for improving their chances of obtaining employment and generating
income