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Performance of three morphotypes of garlic using quantative traits based on bulb characters in Niger Republic
Full text linkGarlic ( Allium sativum L.) is a bulbous plant from the Alliaceae
family, mainly produced in the dry seasons under irrigation in Niger.
The objective of this study was to assess garlic morphotypes for their
agronomic performance traits. The experiment was conducted at the
Universit\ue9 de Zinder in Niger Republic, in a randomised complete
block design during the dry seaSOn of 2019-2020. Data were collected on
bulb diameter, bulb length, bulb weight, number of cloves per bulb,
clove diameter, clove length, clove weight, number of outer clove lets
per clove, outer clove lets diameter, outer clove lets length, and
outer clove lets weight. There were significant differences for all
characters, except bulb weight, clove diameter and number of outer
clove lets per clove. The morphotypes Pink and Dark purple revealed
good performances and could be useful for a breeding programme.L\u2019ail (Allium sativum L.) est principalement produit en saiSOn
s\ue8che SOus irrigation au Niger. L\u2019objectif de cette
\ue9tude \ue9tait d\u2019\ue9valuer les morphotypes d\u2019ail
pour leurs caract\ue8res de performance agronomique.
L\u2019exp\ue9rience a \ue9t\ue9 men\ue9e dans un bloc complet
randomis\ue9 avec trois r\ue9p\ue9titions pendant la saiSOn
s\ue8che 2019-2020. Les caract\ue8res suivants ont \ue9t\ue9
\ue9valu\ue9s : diam\ue8tre du bulbe, longueur du bulbe, poids du
bulbe, nombre gousses par bulbe, diam\ue8tre des gousses, longueur
des gousses, poids des gousses, nombre des ca\uefeux par gousse,
diam\ue8tre des ca\uefeux, longueur des ca\uefeux, poids des
ca\uefeux. Des diff\ue9rences significatives ont \ue9t\ue9
observ\ue9es pour tous les caract\ue8res, \ue0 l\u2019exception
du poids des bulbes, du diam\ue8tre des gousses et du nombre
ca\uefeux par gousse. Les morphotypes Rose et Violet fonc\ue9 ont
montr\ue9 de bonnes performances et pourraient \ueatre utiles pour
un programme de s\ue9lection
Co-infection Model Formulation to Evaluate the Transmission Dynamics of Malaria and Dengue Fever Virus
Full text linkA mathematical model of the co-infection dynamics of malaria and dengue
fever condition is formulated. In this work, the Basic reduction number
is computed using the next generation method. The diseasefree
equilibrium (DFE) point of the model is obtained. The local and global
stability of the disease-free equilibrium point of the model is
established. The result show that the DFE is locally asymptotically
stable if the basic reproduction number is less than one but may not be
globally asymptotically stable
Physicochemical Characteristics, Identification of Fungi and Optimization of Different Parameters for Degradation of Dye from Tannery Effluent
Full text linkThis study was carried out to find out the qualities of tannery
effluents with the assessment of physicochemical parameters of
effluent, isolation, and identification of fungi and their optimization
of different parameters on dye decolorization. In the present study,
various physicochemical parameters such as Color, Odor, pH, EC, TSS,
TDS, BOD, COD, Chromium, Copper, Chloride, and Sodium of untreated
tannery effluent was studied. The results of the parameters showed that
the effluent was blackish with a disagreeable odor, alkaline in pH with
a high organic and inorganic loads such as EC, TDS, BOD, COD, TSS,
Chromium, Copper, Chloride and Sodium. The physicochemical parameters
were determined as per the standards prescribed by CPCB. Four fungal
species were isolated and identified by LPCB staining namely
Aspergillus niger , Aspergillus flavus , Penicillium citrinum , and
Curvularia lunata . To test the activity of these fungi on different
dyes, experiments were carried out for the optimization of different
parameters. The maximum decolorization of dye was achieved by
Aspergillus niger. From this study, it was found that the maximum
biotransformation of dye effluent can help to solve the pollution
problem
Substituent Effects on Absorption Spectra of 7-Amino-4-Hydroxynaphthalene-2- Sulfonic Acid Based Dyes
Full text linkThe synthesis of dyes derived from coupling
7-amino-4-hydroxynaphthalene-2-sulfonic acid (a diazonium salt) with
different coupling agents (phenol, p-nitrophenol, vanillin and
salicylic acid) respectively yielded four different dyes namely; Dye A,
4-hydroxy-7-((2-hydroxyphenyl)diazenyl)naphthalene-2-sulfonicAcid, Dye
B,
4-hydroxy-7-((2-hydroxy-5-nitrophenyl)diazenyl)-4-hydroxynaphthalene-2-sulfonic
Acid, Dye C, 7-((2-formyl-5-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)diazenyl)-4-hydroxy
naphthalene-2-sulfonic Acid and Dye D,
2-hydroxy-6-((5-hydroxy-7-sulfonaphthalene-2-yl)diazenyl)benzoic Acid.
The wavelengths of maximum absorption of the dyes were determined in
different solvents; water, DMF, ethanol and acetone, their \u3bbmax
was between 510-600nm. The synthesized dyes were characterized using IR
and their melting points determined. The dyes were applied on wool and
silk and the effect of pH, time, temperature on the %exhaustion for
both fabrics was determined. The optimum pH for absorption of the dyes
on both fabrics was 3 & 5, optimum time 50, 75 & 90 minutes and
optimum temperature 75 and 90oC depending on the dye and type of
fabric. The Fastness (wash, rub and light) properties of the dyes were
also assessed
Neonatal Mortality and Maternal/Child Health Care in Nigeria: An Impact Analysis
Full text linkReducing the rate of mortality in neonates to as low as 12 per 1,000
live births is one of the clearly spelt out aims of the third tenet of
the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) because of its importance to
the dynamics of population. While there have been various studies
focused majorly on the causes, rates and determinants of neonatal
mortality in Nigeria, studies on the impact of maternal/child care
characteristics on neonatal mortality and the potential implication of
failing to attain the SDG target for neonatal mortality have seemingly
been neglected. In this study, we undertake an analysis of the impact
of maternal / child care characteristics on neonatal mortality using
the logistic regression model. Results from the study showed that
antenatal care (P-value = 0.000, odds ratio = 0.546 for women who
visited the hospital during pregnancy on more than 5 occasions), post
natal care (P-value = 0.004, odds ratio = 0.402 for women who received
early neonatal care from skilled medical personnel), place of delivery
(P-value = 0.000, odds ratio = 0.592 for babies that were delivered in
a government hospital) and skill of birth attendant (P-value = 0.000,
odds ratio = 0.706 for babies who were delivered by trained
doctors/nurses/midwives) had significant impact on neonatal mortality
at the 95% confidence level implying that improved maternal health
care: before, during and immediately after delivery as well as the
quality of care to mother and child are both important and necessary to
the reduction of neonatal mortality in Nigeria. To achieve the
sustainable development target for neonatal mortality, it is therefore
recommended that stake holders in the public health sector improve the
quality of existing health care facilities and access to quality
services
Evaluating Surface Water Quality in Ninh Kieu District, Can Tho City, Vietnam
Full text linkThis study aimed to evaluate water quality in the canals in Ninh Kieu
district, Can Tho city in the period of 2018-2019. Monitoring data were
collected at 10 locations distributed on Tham Tuong canal (TT1, TT2),
Cai Khe canal (CK1-CK4), Bun Xang lake (BX1-BX2), Cai Son - Hang Bang
canal (HB1, HB2). Water quality parameters assessed include
temperature, pH, turbidity, total suspended solids (TSS), biological
oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), orthophosphate
(PO43--P), nitrate (NO3-- N), ammonia (NH4+-N), nitrite (NO2-- N) and
coliforms. The results showed that water quality in the canals in Ninh
Kieu district, Can Tho city were contaminated with coliforms, TSS, BOD,
and COD. The temperature and pH parameters were very little fluctuated,
while BOD, coliforms, and DO tended to decrease in the period from
2018-2019. Particularly, the mean P-PO43- in 2019 was higher than that
in 2018. BOD, COD, TSS, P-PO43-, and coliforms in Tham Tuong canal were
higher than those in other water bodies because several production and
business activities are taking place. Water pollution problem in Ninh
Kieu district, Can Tho city needs to be solved as soon as possible to
ensure healthy environment, attracting tourists to visit in Can Tho
city
An Assessment of Socio-economic Characteristics of Slum Residents in Ilorin, Nigeria
Full text linkThis study examines the significance of socio-economic characteristics
in making housing quality good for human living. It also examines the
influence of socio-economic on the health behaviour and efficiency of
man and the nation as a whole. The study was carried out with the aid
of questionnaire administration, building and facility survey using
purposeful sampling techniques. A total of 20 buildings in each of the
fifteen identified slums were picked for questionnaire administration.
Also, data were collected from related Ministries and Commission. The
descriptive analysis was used to determine the vulnerability of the
study area to slum condition and also to identify the extent of the
decay. The descriptive analysis revealed that, the study area exhibits
slum condition that has impact on socio-economic, life style and health
of the residents, as well as general outlook of the environment. ANOVA
was used to test whether or not there are variations in socio-economic,
housing and environmental quality in all the locations. ANOVA reveals
that there are significant variations in socio-economic, housing and
environmental qualities among locations in the study area.
Recommendations were made to guide the policy makers towards enhancing
the lives of the residents of the areas, by making education
affordable, public enlightenment and also to enhance the living
standard of the residents by establishing industries
Floristic Structure of Fire Experimental Plots of Olokemeji Forest Reserve, Ogun State, Nigeria
Full text linkTotal enumeration of tree species was carried out fire experimental
plot of Olokemeji forest reserve for relative importance value (RIV)
mean heights, mean diameter at breast height and mean basal area. Three
investigative plot (Plot A, B and C) were established. Plot A which
represents Early Burn is burnt annually during the dry season while
Plot B was burnt annually during the rainy season when the trees are
still wet and Plot C serves as the protected area. Gmelina arborea
had the highest relative importance value (28.31), this is followed by
Dalbergia sissoo which had RIV of 10.94. Plot C recorded the highest
frequency of trees with the highest tree heights, this is closely
followed by Plot A and Plot B being the plot with the lowest mean
height. Plot C has the highest mean diameter at breast height (DBH) of
trees and it is followed by Plot B and Plot A with very close mean DBH.
The highest mean basal area was also recorded in Plot C, the highest
total basal area and tree volume was also recorded at Plot C as 32.2/m2
ha-1 and 188.8/m3. The size distribution of tree species depicts that
Plot C has been protected just as expected
Heavy Metal Concentrations in Vegetables Cultivated and Sold in Machakos Municipality, Kenya
Full text linkHeavy metal contamination of vegetables is a key aspect of food quality
assurance since vegetables form a substantial proportion of the daily
human diet. Health risks in urban populations due to exposure to heavy
metals are on the increase because of the consumption of vegetables
irrigated with wastewater. This study analyzed the concentration of Cd,
Cu, Pb, Zn and Cr in spinach and kales grown using contaminated water
of the Mitheu urban stream and those sold within Machakos municipality.
Vegetable samples were collected once per month for a period of four
months starting from June to September 2019. The mean heavy metal
concentrations obtained were0.013 \u2013 3.19 mg/kg, 0.468 \u2013
1.706 mg/kg, 0.02 \u2013 0.368 mg/kg, 5.78 \u2013 26.7 mg/kg, and
0.104 \u2013 14.0 mg/kg for Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn and Cr respectively in kale
samples from the different sampling sites. The heavy metal mean
concentrations in spinach were 0.055 \u2013 0.575 mg/kg, 3.79 \u2013
5.55 mg/kg, 0.098 \u2013 1.49 mg/kg, 8.32 \u2013 20.7 mg/kg and 0.368
\u2013 4.43 mg/kg for Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn and Cr respectively. The mean
concentrations of Cd, Pb, Zn and Cr in both spinach and kales in some
of the sampling sites were above WHO permissible levels for heavy
metals in vegetables for human consumption. However, the mean
concentration of Cu was below WHO recommended levels. Consumption of
these vegetables therefore poses a health risk to the consumers. There
is need to create public awareness on the dangers of consuming
contaminated vegetables. Additionally, measures to curb heavy metal
pollution in Mitheu stream should be taken by the County Government of
Machakos
Anti-reproductive efficacy of Adansonia digitata Powder against Dinoderus porcellus Associated with Yam Chips Spoilage in Jos Metropolis, Nigeria
Full text linkThis study assessed the reproduction inhibition effects of Adansonai
digitata plant part powders against D. porcellus affecting yam chips.
Reproduction of adults D. porcellus were monitored with various doses
of Adansonai digitata plant part powders and untreated yam chips as
negative control (0 g). The finding of the research indicated that all
treatments exhibited anti-reproduction potential and strong inhibition
of D. porcellus emergence. The result of analysis of variance showed
significant difference between the treated samples and the control
(untreated) after 37 days. Adansonai digitata stem bark powders (10 g)
was able to achieve no reproduction (0.00) after 37 days exposure.
Based on this results, combining yam chips with 10 g of Adansonai
digitata stem bark powders could ensure adequate management of D.
porcellus destroying yam chips and yam tubers as a whole