Nagaoka University of Technology Institutional Repository

国立大学法人長岡技術科学大学博士（工学）doctoral thesi

田安, 正成

Traditional Chinese

市街地隣接河川での洪水流の数値解析と避難行動への適用

上村, 靖司

Japanese

はじめての集中講義物語

ELHUM, NUSRAT

（様式４）                             （ Ａ４判 ）別 紙 ２ 
論文審査の結果の要旨 
 
                         学位申請者  Elhum Nusrat 
本論文は，「A Framework of Descriptive Decision-Making under Uncertainty Using Dempster-Sha
fer Theory and Prospect Theory（デンプスター・シェーファー理論とプロスペクト理論を用いた不確実
性下の記述的意思決定フレームワークに関する研究）」と題し，６章より構成されている。第１章「I
ntroduction」では，実社会における意思決定の重要性と意思決定理論の位置づけ，意思決定理論モデ
ルの分類，および本研究の目的と範囲を述べる． 
第２章「Literature Review」では，意思決定理論の基礎と関連研究についてまとめている．関連研
究は，期待効用理論，ランク依存効用理論，プロスペクト理論等の「リスク下の意思決定理論」，
および累積プロスペクト理論，確率論の拡張であるデンプスター・シェーファー理論を用いた意思
決定理論等の「不確実性下の意思決定理論」についてまとめている．また，不確実性下の記述的意
思決定理論において既存研究で解決されていない問題点を整理する． 
第３章「NY-DDM: Proposed Descriptive Decision-making Framework under Uncertainty」では，不
確実性下（リスクが不確かな状況下）での新たな記述的意思決定理論を提案する．この状況下での
意思決定は「リスクの不確かさ」と「リスクそのもの」に対する２種類の意思決定者の態度に依存
するが，本研究は，リスクの不確かさへの態度を OWA オペレータで表現することによって「不確実
性下の意思決定」を「リスク下の意思決定」に変換し，リスクそのものへの態度をプロスペクト理
論によって扱う．この提案により，不確実性に対する２種類の任意の態度に基づく意思決定を説明
することが可能になった． 
第４章「Combination of Evidences and the Proposed Method of Evidence Combination」では，独
立な情報源から得られた複数の不確実情報を結合する方法を提案する．複数の不確実情報を結合す
る方法は数多く提案されているが，既存方法では第５章で扱う肺がんのステージ（進行度）を特定
する問題で適切な結果が得られない．本論文は，肺がんのステージに関する複数の不確実情報を結
合する方法を提案し，既存手法より良い結果が得られることを示している． 
第５章「Decision-making of a Lung Cancer Patient Regarding Treatment by NY-DDM」では，３
章と４章で提案した理論・手法を，不確実なステージ情報を与えられた条件下で肺がん患者が治療
方法を選択する意思決定問題に適用する．肺がん治療の現実に近い状況を設定した上で，不確実性
下の規範的意思決定モデルによる意思決定と，本論文で提案した記述的意思決定モデルによる意思
決定の結果を比較した．その結果，提案手法により，患者の「リスクの不確かさ」に対する態度と
「リスクそのもの」に対する態度に適した治療方法が選択されることが示された．最後に，第６章
「Conclusions」で本研究全体の成果と課題をまとめている． 
 よって，本論文は工学上及び工業上貢献するところが大きく，博士（工学）の学位論文として十分
な価値を有するものと認める． 
 
                     審査委員主査  山 田 耕 一   


A Framework of Descriptive Decision-making under Uncertainty Using Dempster-Shafer Theory and Prospect Theory

Nguyen, Thi Ngoc Truc

（様式）          論文の内容の要旨 
         
                          氏 名 NGUYEN THI NGOC TRUC 
 
 
This dissertation has proposed a scheduling method on project management by using Max-Plus 
Linear (MPL) system. To provide a succinct framework which can handle a large-scale project system 
and can take into account the uncertainties of task durations, we apply the concept of Critical Chain 
Project Management (CCPM) based on the Max-Plus Linear Representation. The dissertation consists of 
6 Chapters. 
Chapter 1 describes the general statement, the purpose and organization of this dissertation. CCPM is 
a well-known method for planning and managing projects. The CCPM method focuses on monitoring a 
critical chain which is the longest chain of successive tasks in a project taking into account the 
dependence of task logic and the resource constraint. Based on the identification of the critical chain, the 
CCPM designs the position and size for the insertion of time buffers. Moreover, the CCPM can well deal 
with a complex system of multiple interdependent projects. On the other hand, Max-plus algebra is an 
easy-to-use tool for describing a certain class of discrete event systems (DESs), such as manufacturing 
systems, transportation systems, and project management. MPL system is a class of linear equations in 
max-plus algebra, which is known as an effective device of scheduling for DESs. Recently, an 
application of the CCPM method to the MPL representation was developed. The concept of time buffers 
in the CCPM method was described in the form of MPL representation, to readily analyze the system. 
Though the framework works well, it made two technical assumptions that the system consists of a single 
project and that the input times are equal to zero. For the management of a practical system, this research 
will develop an improved method for determining and managing time buffers in a single-project system 
as well as an extended method for multi-project system.  
Chapter 2 gives the preliminaries of CCPM concept and MPL System, which are the essential 
background for this research. The first part will briefly review the basic concept of CCPM, focusing on 
determining and managing time buffers in single-project and multi-project systems. The second part will 
present Max-Plus algebra, MPL System, and Max-Plus Representation. These are the fundamental 
mathematical techniques used throughout this study.  
Chapter 3 improves the aforementioned framework for determining time buffers in a single project, to 
handle a system with various input times using the MPL representation of input/task constraints. Since 
the input times here are subject to the uncertainties in the starting time of resources and materials, which 
in turn induces a drastic change on the position and size of these buffers. In this chapter, the potential 
unsolved problems of the previous framework are analyzed, and then the improved framework to solve 
these unsolved problems is proposed. For a single-project, a project buffer is inserted at the end of the 
critical chain and feeding buffers are inserted wherever a non-critical chain merges the critical chain. 
These concepts are defined in the term of MPL which is stable under changes in the input times.  
Chapter 4 extends the framework of a single-project system to a multi-project system with mutual 
dependence. Different to the case of a single project which tries to minimize the duration of each project, 
the multi-project scheduling aims to maximize the throughput of the entire system by sharing the same 
resources. Thus, the insertion of the buffers is considered in both the constraint of interdependent tasks 
and the constraint of the shared resources among projects. By introducing a matrix which represents the 
layers of the projects, we determine project and feeding buffers for each project in only one system 
instead of considering them independently. In addition, we identify the key-resources, the designed 
resources who work across all projects. Then, we add capacity buffers at the transitions of the key-
resources between the projects, to ensure that the key-resources are available for the subsequent project. 
The insertion of these buffers is defined in MPL form to reduce the complexity of management in a 
large-scale system. 
Chapter 5 presents a CCPM-MPL framework for managing time buffers which are determined in 
Chapters 3 and 4. As well as the determination of the time buffers, a frequent monitor of the 
consumption of the time buffers significantly contributes to the success of the CCPM. By introducing a 
vector for inspection, which represents the actual completion time of the completed processes at the 
monitoring stage, the managers can frequently surveying the rates of the consumed buffers and the 
elapsed time. Their relation expresses the performance of the projects through a chart and detects a 
potential problem during the execution. Moreover, the entire procedure of the buffer management is 
simply described using MPL representation, which enables managers to make an effective decision on 
project scheduling. 
Finally, Chapter 6 gives conclusions and future perspective of this research. 


English

A Framework for lnter-Project Critical Chain management Based on Max-Plus Linear Representation

Maryoto, Agus

（様式４）                       （ Ａ４判 ） 別 紙 ２ 
論文審査の結果の要旨 
 
               学位申請者   Agus Maryoto（アグス マリョト） 
本論文は「Numerical simulation of corrosion crack in pretensioned prestressed 
concrete members」（プレテンションプレストレストコンクリート部材における腐食ひ
び割れの数値シミュレーション）と題し、7 章より構成されている。 
第 1 章では、新潟県の海岸地域で供用されたプレテンションプレストレストコンクリー
ト構造の実橋において、内部鋼材の径を越える過大な幅の腐食ひび割れが観察されたこと
を紹介している。このような過大な腐食ひび割れが発生した原因は明らかでないことを指
摘し、これを明らかにすること、およびプレテンションプレストレストコンクリート構造
に適用可能なひび割れの発生とひび割れ幅の予測法を開発することを研究目的として挙げ
ている。 
第 2 章では、鉄筋コンクリートおよびプレストレストコンクリート構造における腐食ひ
び割れの研究、腐食生成物の様態に関する既往の研究をレビューしている。 
第 3 章では、厚さの薄い PC シース、径の小さい PC 緊張材であっても、通常径の鉄筋
と同様、腐食すると膨張圧でひび割れを発生させることを実験的に明らかにしている。ま
た、有限要素解析プログラムを用いた 3 次元解析を行い、腐食生成物の形成による膨張圧
を、鋼材、腐食生成物を弾性体とみなした単純な膨張モデルで表現した場合、ひび割れの
発生を早期に、ひび割れ幅を過大に見積もることを明らかにしている。 
第 4 章では、プレテンションプレストレストコンクリート部材の腐食ひび割れの特徴を
再現するため、実験と数値解析による検討を行っている。圧縮応力によるポアソン効果が
腐食ひび割れの発生、開口に及ぼす影響は小さく、通常のプレストレスの大きさでは影響
が無視できることを明らかにしている。一方、PC 緊張材を過密に配置することによる腐
食ひび割れへの影響は大きく、あきが小さい場合、複数の腐食ひび割れの局在化が起こり、
少数の過大な幅のひび割れが形成されることを明らかにしている。 
第 5 章では、ひび割れ発生およびひび割れ幅の予測精度を向上させるために、腐食生成
物の内部ひび割れへの侵入による腐食膨張圧の緩和を簡易に表現するみかけの腐食量を導
入した腐食膨張モデルを提案している。 
第 6 章では、開発した腐食膨張モデルにより、複数の PC 緊張材を配置した供試体の腐
食ひび割れに関する既往の室内実験の結果と実橋に見られた腐食ひび割れの再現を試みて
いる。 
第 7 章では、本研究で得られた結論をまとめ、提言を述べている。 
本研究により、プレテンションプレストレストコンクリート部材における腐食ひび割れ
の発生メカニズムが明らかとなり、表面に生じているひび割れ幅を推定する方法が提案さ
れている。これらの成果は、コンクリート構造物の合理的な維持管理に資するものである。 
よって、本論文は工学上及び工業上貢献するところが大きく、博士（工学）の学位論文
として十分な価値を有するものと認める。 
 
                     審査委員主査  下 村  匠  
 


Numerical simulation of corrosion crack in pretensioned prestressed concrete members

SANCHEZ, JOSUE ADDIEL VENEGAS

Effect of Ultrasound on Hydrogen Bond Breaking Appeared in Aqueous Polymers

MOHD, AZAHARI BIN RAZALI

Influence of Gas Species on Thermophoretic Velocity of PMMA Particle

DAS, SUVASHIS

（様式３） 
 
論文内容の要旨 
 
                          氏 名   Goh Teck Shang 
 
Rutting is one of the major pavement distresses in Tokyo International Airport (HND). Premature 
rutting at some taxiways was occurred just after one year of service period. The need to construct a more 
durable, low maintenance and high rutting resistance airport pavement has become very important. The 
objective of this study is to recommend a design procedure of hot mix asphalt (HMA) for a wearing 
course of HND pavements using the Superpave gyratory compactor (SGC) and the Bailey method. HND 
was chosen as the case study, because it is the busiest airport that has the severe rutting problem. 
Superpave mix design method was used in this study because the SGC can produce HMA specimens that 
have the same densification as actual wearing course materials in the field. In the United States of 
America, the mixtures designed by the Superpave method have been widely used for the highways. 
However a Superpave mixture is not widely applied to airport pavements, because the standard 
specification for the airport pavement has not been fully established including the design number of 
gyrations (Ndes).  
The research approach of this study involved three phases of works. In the first phase, background and 
fundamental information were obtained via reviewing reports, specification and literature on the 
Superpave mix design method for airport pavements and the Bailey method. The information was then 
used to develop an approach for designing 19 mm wearing course mixtures for HND pavements. 
The second phase consisted of two laboratory evaluations. The first evaluation was to select an 
appropriate Ndes to design HMA for HND pavement. Materials from the original sources for HND were 
used to fabricate the HMA. In the evaluation, a compaction effort that equivalent to 75 blows per face of 
the Marshall hammer (Nequi), and two compaction efforts with reference to the in-place densities of the 
HND pavement after two past years of aircrafts traffic loading were estimated. Ndes for HND pavement 
were determined using the estimated compaction efforts. The same aggregate gradation of HND wearing 
mixture was used to fabricate specimens compacted with Nequi and Ndes. A comparison of the mixture 
volumetric properties and rutting resistance was made and the findings were as follows. 1) The current 
HND gradation should be adjusted in order to meet the Superpave criteria. 2) The current compaction 
effort, namely Nequi, was too low for designing the HND mixture. 3) The compaction effort would 
affect the asphalt content, the density and the voids in mineral aggregate (VMA) of the mixture.  
The second laboratory evaluation was to determine appropriate aggregate parameters to design a 
gradation curve of rut resistance mixture for HND pavements. The Bailey method was deployed, because 
it relates the aggregate gradation with the VMA. The current HND gradation was evaluated to 
understand the aggregate packing. 22 aggregate blends were designed to investigate the influence of 
Bailey parameters on the VMA and mixture performance. Three kinds of performance tests were carried 
out to evaluate the rutting and cracking resistance of the mixtures. The rutting susceptibility was 
evaluated using the Asphalt Pavement Analyzer (APA) and wheel-tracking test (WTT). The cracking 
resistance was evaluated by cyclic bending fatigue test. The results could be summarized as follows. 1) 
The job mix gradation bands for developing rut resistance mixture were developed. For a fine graded 
mixture, the aggregate gradation with a lower coarse aggregate (CA) ratio and mid values of fine 
aggregate (FA) ratios was appropriate to produce a rut resistance mixture. For a coarse graded mixture, 
the aggregate gradation with mid values of CA ratio and FA ratios was appropriate to produce a rut 
resistance mixture. 2) The medium to coarse gradation curve with the 90 % of chosen unit weight 
(CALUW), which the blend had more volume of coarse aggregates, had the highest resistance to 
deformation. Therefore, the current airport specification is recommended to allow using coarse graded 
mixture. 3) The Bailey ratios had more influence than the CALUW on the VMA of mixture, and the 
CALUW had more influence than the Bailey ratios on the rutting resistance of the mixture. 4) The 
change of the actual VMA of the mixture generally follows the direction dictated by the Bailey 
principles. However the accuracy of Bailey estimation for VMA of fine graded mixture was poor 
especially for those blends involving some changes in CA ratio and FA ratios. 
The third phase summarized the design procedure for designing high rutting resistance mixtures for 
busy airport pavements. The study compared the WTT test results of the mixtures designed by the 
proposed design procedure and the conventional method. The results concluded that use of the Bailey 
method in Superpave mix design procedure not only controlled the VMA of the mixture but also 
produced better rutting resistance mixtures. It saves time and effort of making the trial specimens. The 
future study shall look into the effect of the compaction effort, aggregate and binder aspect of mixture, 
and also the accuracy of VMA estimation and mixture performance. 


Emotion Detection from Facial Expression and Its Use in the Evaluation of Stress

木村, 隆彦

水難時着衣泳の救命効果の工学的検証

増田, 洋人

連続式アンローダの荷役性能向上および機能維持に関する研究

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