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Spatial distribution of earthquake-induced landslides in the 2004 Mid-Niigata Prefecture earthquake and identification of shear strength and seismic coefficient by surficial landslides record
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Development of fibrous zeolite-polymer composites used for decontamination of radioactive cesium
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Generation and Detection of Reactive Oxygen Species in Photocatalysis
No full textReviewThe detection methods and generation mechanisms of the intrinsic reactive oxygen species (ROS), i.e., superoxide anion radical (•O2-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), singlet oxygen (1O2), and hydroxyl radical (•OH) in photocatalysis, were surveyed comprehensively. Consequently, the major photocatalyst used in heterogeneous photocatalytic systems was found to be TiO2. However, besides TiO2 some representative photocatalysts were also involved in the discussion. Among the various issues we focused on the detection methods and generation reactions of ROS in the aqueous suspensions of photocatalysts. On the careful account of the experimental results presented so far we proposed the following apprehension; adsorbed •OH could be regarded as trapped holes, which are involved in a rapid adsorption-desorption equilibrium at the TiO2-solution interface. Because the equilibrium shifts to the adsorption side, trapped holes must be actually the dominant oxidation species whereas •OH in solution would exert the reactivity mainly for non-adsorbed reactants. The most probable routes of generating intrinsic ROS at the surfaces of two polymorphs of TiO2, anatase and rutile, were discussed along with some plausible rational reaction processes. In addition to the four major ROSs, three ROSs, that is organic peroxides, ozone, and nitric oxide, which are less common in photocatalysis are also briefly reviewed.journal articl
Variability of Flood Peak due to Rainfall Spatial Distribution in Middle and Lower Yom Basin, Thailand
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