Journal of Geoscience, Engineering, Environment, and Technology
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The Morphotectono-Volcanic of Menoreh-Gajah-Ijo Volcanic Rock In Western Side of Yogyakarta-Indonesia
No full textMenoreh-Gajah-Ijo have a very distinctive shape, where there are form of circular structure of volcano that is still intact and the other has not been intact. These morphologies are the morphology of the remaining volcanoes formed by tectonics and certain volcanisms. This study was conducted through a series of interpretations of volcanic body distribution, constructing a Slope Map, constructing a Slope Direction Map, constructing an alignment interpretation on satellite imagery and field mapping work. The formation of Menoreh-Gajah-Ijo morphologies are strongly influenced by tectonics and volcanic processes. The process of tectonism that produces the strike-slip fault structures, the normal faults, and the uplift have formed the lineaments of the valleys and hills with various directions patterns. The Menoreh-Gajah-Ijo volcanisms that have occurred form the structure of volcanic remains. Distribution of Menoreh-Gajah-Ijo volcanic rocks form some semicircle structures because of the normal fault structure that has occurred
Quarternary Sediment Characteristics of Floodplain area: Study Case at Kampar River, Rumbio Area and Surroundings, Riau Province
No full textThe study area is located in some floodplains of meandering river environment along the Kampar River, Rumbio. Typical morphology of meandering river that found in this area can be classified as stream channel, floodplain, abandoned channel, and sand bars deposit. Meandering river system carries sediment supply by suspended and bed - load (mixed load) in conjunction with low energy into a particular characteristic on sediment deposition. This study aims to determine the characteristics of the sediments, changes in vertical and lateral spread of sediment deposition on the floodplain environment. This study conducted by field survey using a hand auger of 1.5m - 4m depth and trenching which is a layer that has been exposed of 1-2 meters depth. Further analysis had been carried out using granulometri method and core data analysis to determine the characteristics and depositional facies. Sediment deposit that formed along the Kampar River is the result of the main channel migration of Kampar River. The characteristic of quaternary sediment facies is coarse to gravelly sand on the bottom followed by fine to very fine sand with pattern fining upwards and silt to clay and abundant terrestrial organic matter at the uppermost layer. Depositional facies are determined based on the characteristics of sediment facies which can be grouped into a stream channel, oblique accretion deposits, sand bars and overbank deposits
Structural Analysis of Northwest Sabah Basin by 2D Reconstruction of Seismic Sections
Get PDFThe tectonic evolution of thrust fold belt and thrust sheet zone in Northwest Sabah basin was described based on balanced reconstruction of seismic sections representing Mid-Miocene to Recent deposits. The study area is located at the center of a wide crustal deformational zone bordered by the Sunda Shelf on the northeast, Sulu Sea in the southwest and the South China Sea in the northwest. Balancing cross section can be applied after the deformed geological structure geometry is accurately determined from seismic sections and 7 seismic stratigraphic unit from 15 Ma until Recent is consecutively restored. There are four steps involved in retro-deformation processes beginning with removing all faults displacements followed by unfolding the folds, isostasy correction and finally the removal of each compacted layer parts or decomposition. Wider fold wavelengths with least thrust faults were observed from south to north in the seismic sections ranging from 12 to 4 km with an average of about 7 km, while smaller fold wavelengths and more thrust faults were observed in the north based on the same seismic sections. In general, the reconstructed cross sections revealed compressional tectonic deformation activity as shown by shortening strain trending NW-SE. Measurement of total shortening shows that thrust fold belt is imbalance by an exceeds of 14.7 km and more active compared to thrust sheet zone which has only 0.9 km. Results of the study also indicate facies destruction due to shortening which is decreasing towards Pliocene or younger deposits
Groundwater Quality Assessment for Drinking Purpose in Gulistan-e-Johar Town, Karachi, Pakistan
Get PDFThe main objective of present study is to evaluate the groundwater quality of Gulistan-e-Johar Town for drinking. For this purpose, groundwater samples (n=18) through electrically pumped wells were collected from shallow aquifers (mean depth = 36 m). Collected samples were subjected to determine the physical characters (TDS, pH, temperature), major (Na, K, Ca, Mg, Cl, SO 4 , HCO 3 , and NO 3 ) and minor ions (Fe, Mn and F). Data reveal very high content of TDS (mean: 2862 mg/L) coupled with elevated concentration of Na (mean: 974.6 mg/L), Cl (mean: 545.3mg/L), SO 4 (mean: 600mg/L), Mn (mean: 0.04 mg/L) and F (mean: 1.7 mg/L). The results indicated that groundwater of Gulistan-e-Johar is not suitable for drinking purpose and may lead to dangerous health impacts. The WQI value of groundwater is found to be 183 which is also endorsing that groundwater of Gulistan-e-Johar is unfit for drinking purpose
Modified Soil-Adjusted Vegetation Index In Multispectral Remote Sensing Data for Estimating Tree Canopy Cover Density at Rubber Plantation: Modified Soil-Adjusted Vegetation Index In Multispectral Remote Sensing Data
No full textForest inventories such as tree canopy density information require a long time and high costs, especially on extensive forest coverage. Remote sensing technology that directly captures the surface vegetation character with extensive recording coverage can be used as an alternative to carrying out such inventory activities. This research aims to determine the level of vegetation canopy cover density on rubber plants that became the location of the research and know the accuracy of the resulting data. The method used in this research is a combination of remote sensing image interpretation, geographic information system, and field measurement. Information retrieval from remote sensing data is done by using ASTER data imagery. This stage includes three parts, namely: pre-field stage, field stage, and post-field stage. The pre-field stage includes the collection of data to be used (including literature studies related to the theme of the study), image processing (geometric and radiometric correction), cropping, masking, land cover classification, vegetation index transformation, and sample determination. The final result of data processing showed that the density of the vegetation canopy in the research area ranged between 7.31 – 12.952 cm / m2 in each grade of vegetation density. These values indicate the range of low-class vegetation canopy cover density to high-class vegetation canopy cover density in the research area. In this research error rate or root mean square error obtained from the calculation of canopy cover density is equal to 1.89
Structure and Tectonic Reconstruction of Bayah Complex Area, Banten
Get PDFThe research aimed to reconstruct the geological structures and tectonics of the Bayah complex area. The structures found that grouped into regional structural patterns used to determine the ages and the events that responsible to its formation. The methods used in this research include field and studio method. Field method carried out to map the outcrops and record geological structures data using geological compass, GPS, tape measurement, and geological hammer, while studio method performed to process and analyze data using software such as Win Tensor, Dips, MapInfo Professional 10.5 and CorelDraw X4. The geological structure of the Bayah has varying patterns and ages. The fracture patterns show N-S and E-W direction which is belong to Sundanese and Java Pattern formed in range of the Early Eocene to Pliocene. While the faults that have direction of SW-NE and E-W are classified into Meratus and Java Pattern. However, metamorphic rock foliations show NW-SE and N-S direction that belonging to the Pre-Tertiary Sumatra Pattern. The three faults of this research are estimated to be formed by the effect of orogenesis that occurring in different events and ages. JSA-014 fault is predicted to form due to orogeny I or orogeny II in the Early Oligocene - Middle Miocene, this fault classified as the 2nd order right lateral wrench fault. JSA-034 fault is formed by orogeny I in Early Oligocene - Middle Miocene, this fault is also classified as the 2nd order right lateral wrench fault. While JSA-080 fault has relatively young age that formed due to orogeny III in the Middle Miocene - Pliocene and belonging to the 3rd order left lateral wrench fault
Characteristics of Groundwater on the Eastern Slope of Mount Ciremai, Kuningan Regency, West Java, Indonesia
Get PDFWater is a very important component for the survival of living things. Groundwater is water that has better quality compared to other water types, so groundwater is widely used to meet the needs of clean water. The research area is located on the eastern slope of Mount Ciremai which is a volcanic area that has great groundwater potential, it is seen from the many springs with large groundwater discharge. The study aims to determine the physical and chemical characteristics of groundwater on the eastern slopes of Mount Ciremai which also the district of Kuningan. The research method is done by collecting geological data and hydrogeological data. To find characteristics of groundwater chemistry, groundwater sampling was taken at 10 locations, and then tested the laboratory to determine the chemical content of groundwater. Based on the results of the research, the physical characteristics of water were shown with EC values ranging from 76,8 to 228 µS/Cm, TDS from 50 to 151 mg/L, pH value from 6.4 to 7.65, water temperature 19.3 to 25.9 oC. While one of the observation location is HC. 11 is a hot springs that has a water temperature of 36.1 oC , EC 832 µS/Cm, TDS 428 mg/L and pH 6.8. Chemical analysis results from pipe diagram show the developing facies are Ca:HCO3, Ca.Mg:HCO3, Na.K:Cl
Efforts on Geological Conservation to Watuadeg-Basalt Pillow Lavas at West Sumber, Berbah District, Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta Special Region-Indonesia
Get PDFSite of Berbah pillow lavas is an important geological heritage that is currently as one of the main tourism destination area located in Yogyakarta Special Region, Indonesia. It has a unique appearence of pillow structures with diameters of 0.5-1.0 m and the flow length of 2-5m. This site is used to visited by students and earth researchers becouse of its unique geological history.
This study was approached with geotourism and geoconservation points of view. The research method uses qualitatively field geological observations. Data analysis was carried out by assessing the feasibility study of the geological conditions that had been produced in relation to the development of educational toursm.
In its condition, this site suffered damage to the development impacts in the surrounding area and was once an object of agate mining so that its condition was increasingly not maintained. In order to maintain this site and become a protected geological site, there must be seriousness of various parties in an effort to map the geological conditions of the pillow lava complex, an important role that geologists have to inform and disseminate to all stakeholders and local residents to be able to independently manage the potential of geotourism. In addition, it also needs the commitment of the local government in protecting the pillow lava object and fighting for it to become a protected geological reserve
Infiltration Rate of Quarternary Sediment at Rumbio Jaya, Kampar, Riau
No full textThe study of infiltration rate was conducted at Rumbio Jaya, Kampar, Riau which closed with meandering river of Kampar. Infiltration rate data collected by using double ring infiltrometer with 30 cm and 60 cm diameter of cylinder. To support the data of infiltration test at quarternary sediment, subsurface soil profiling data were taken with hand auger drilling. The result of infiltration rate analysis shown the highest value is located at ST 2 and ST 3 (southwest part of study area) with value 248 mm/hr and 159 mm/hr. infiltration rate gradually decreasing toward northeast of study area with lowest value 2.6 mm/hr at ST 6 which caused location very closed to Kampar River. Core data from hand auger drilling support result of infiltration rate with gravelly sand layer (high porosity and permeability) are dominated at study area and some low infiltration rate location consists of thick layer of silt
Interpretation of 2D-Subsurface Resistivity Data in The Iron Ore Prospect Area of Eastern Binangun Coastal, Regency of Cilacap, Central Jawa
Get PDFInterpretation of 2D-subsurface rock resistivity data has been carried out in the iron ore prospect area of Eastern Binangun Coastal in Cilacap Regency, Central Java. The background of this research is the potential for abundant iron sand in this area that prospects to be exploited. The research was conducted using a magnetic method in 2017 to map the distribution patterns of the local magnetic anomalies that were interpreted to originate from the distribution of iron ore in the subsurface. In 2018, the research continued using the 2D-resistivity method to find out the lithology section in the subsurface of research area. 2D-resistivity data acquisition is carried out on four tracks consisting of Bng-01 to Bng-04. The resistivity data modeling have produced the true resistivity value for each track in the form of the subsurface resistvity section, which including the Bng-01 track is 2.27 – 44.1 Ωm; the Bng-02 track is 4.5 – 58.6 Ωm; the Bng-03 track is 6.37 – 63.4 Ωm; and the Bng-04 track of 4.98 – 83.3 Ωm. After interpretation process, some models of subsurface rocks lithology section is obtained under the four trajectories. The rocks resulted from interpretation process consists of sand which inserted with gravel (> 58.6 Ωm); sand containing iron ore grains (28.2 – 83.3 Ωm), clayey sand (11.1 – 32.9 Ωm), sandy clay (4.98 – 13.5 Ωm), and fine sand which intruded by saltwater (<6.49 Ωm). Sand containing iron ore grains is main part of the coastal aquifer so that exploitation of iron sand has the potential to reduce aquifer function in storing and flowing of groundwater and causing of abrasion in the Eastern Binangun Coastal area