Indonesian Journal of Urban and Environmental Technology
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FLOOD SUSCEPTIBILITY MAPPING USING MACHINE LEARNING IN KENING RIVER, SUB WATERSHED OF BENGAWAN SOLO, TUBAN
Get PDFFloods are natural occurrences with the potential to cause damage to ecosystems and pose significant threats to human life, resulting in the destruction of property, infrastructure, and socioeconomic challenges. In recent times, flooding in the Sub-Watershed of Bengawan Solo has been linked to the overflowing Kening River in Tuban County. Aim: This study aims to produce a flood susceptibility map to mitigate the frequency of flood occurrences as well as facilitate effective planning for flood disaster risk management. Methodology and results: Flood data is collected from 2016 to 2023 through field surveys, Sentinel-1 satellite imagery, and data from the Development Planning Agency, Tuban County. Integrating remote sensing data from satellite imagery (PlanetScope, Sentinel-2), geographic information systems (GIS), and spatial modeling techniques, a flood susceptibility map is developed for the Kening River catchment. The occurrence of floods in the Kening River area is associated with various factors (11 variables) assessed through the frequency ratio approach, including profil curvature, LS factor, aspect, rainfall, river distance, road distance, building density 100 m, road density 100 m, vegetation type, normalized difference water index (NDWI), and soil adjusted vegetation index (SAVI). The results show flood susceptibility maps utilizing frequency ratio (FR) and convolutional neural network (CNN) techniques. The flood susceptibility map obtained through the CNN method demonstrates a notably high AUC value. The model development generated a validation AUC value of 0.857 for training and 0.856 for testing. Conclusion, significance and impact study: This research provides an understanding into the factors that influence the occurrence of floods in the Kening River catchment area. It also emphasizes the benefit of advanced machine learning approaches in mapping the susceptibility of floods. Furthermore, this study has the potential to be helpful in guiding regional policy decisions and result in enhanced flood risk management measures in Tuban County
BRANDING SUSTAINABLE FOREST CITY AT IBU KOTA NEGARA (IKN) NUSANTARA VIEWED FROM THE PERCEPTION OF PENTAHELIX STAKEHOLDERS IN MANADO CITY
Get PDFAim: This research aims to find the perceptions of these stakeholders towards sustainable forest city branding in the relocation of the Ibu Kota Negara-IKN (National Capital City) of the Nusantara (archipelago) to Kalimantan through a study in Manado City as one of the buffer cities of the IKN Nusantara. Methodology and Results: The research method is descriptive and justified by correlational research method. The population in this study were stakeholders involved in urban life activities from various backgrounds. A sample of 30 respondents representing urban pentahelix stakeholders residing in the city of Manado was identified randomly and determined purposively. This research is conducted on the existing city pentahelix stakeholders and encourages the sustainability of development and the city environment itself. Conclusion, significance, and impact study: The results showed that pentahelix stakeholders\u27 understanding of sustainable forest city branding is understood by all pentahelix-based stakeholders. At the next level, whether these stakeholders understand and agree to implement what the sustainable forest city program is, the level of agreement of the respondents is above 70 percent. But then whether the content of sustainable forest city branding already exists, there is a decrease in understanding by these stakeholders. For this reason, intervention is needed in the form of socialization of more massive sustainable forest city branding so that it is understood by each pentahelix stakeholder so that collaboration can be improved with the hope of being able to improve the quality of the IKN itself and the surrounding cities of this IKN
PREDICTION OF CARBON DIOXIDE EMISSION FROM ELECTRICITY GENERATION IN ASEAN
Get PDFThe Coal-Fired Power Plants with low-emissions plants in the power sector can avoid nearly 800 million tonnes CO2 by 2030. The number of populations, Gross Domestic Product (GDP), electricity generation, NDC, and relevant energy policies influenced the prediction of Carbon Dioxide (CO2) emission from electricity generation. Aim: The objective is to analyze trends of CO2 growth related to electricity generation activities from countries in ASEAN with an emphasis on identifying the factors that influence it and evaluating the effectiveness of existing decarbonization policies in AMS and developing suitable strategies to reduce future CO2 emissions. Methodology and Result: Predicting CO2 emissions is conducted using three approaches by considering the newest NDC and energy policies, conducted by descriptive and quantitative analysis based on secondary data of (1) general information on ASEAN Member States (AMS), (2) information on power plants, (3) information on fuel use in electricity generation, and (4) decarbonization policies in AMS. Results indicated that the availability of potential energy sources (coal/oil/gas/RE) influences the dominant energy used in AMS Prediction of CO2e emission in the 2020 to 2040 period identified Vietnam as one of the highest CO2e emitters (380,1 Mt CO2e) in the electricity sector by 2030. Conclusion, significance and impact study: AMS needs to make a more aggressive energy policy to reduce CO2 level significantly, achieving the 2050 net zero transition targets. Ultimately, the shifting from coal-fired electricity plants to other fuel sources with a lower emission factor proves to be the most significant factor towards emission reduction
MAPPING THE SPATIAL VARIATION OF RIVERS WATER QUALITY USING MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS. A CASE STUDY OF GREATER JAKARTA, INDONESIA
Get PDFUrban activities and runoff deteriorated the river water. Aim: This study aims to determine the primary contamination and mapping river\u27s water quality variation in Greater Jakarta. Methodology and Results: Multivariate analysis was employed by Factor Analysis and Cluster Analysis (FA and CA) using the 12 parameters of the water quality dataset from 76 sampling stations in 19 rivers in the Greater Jakarta Region, Indonesia, between 2014 and 2015. The FA result showed that almost 66.6% of the total variance in water quality data was associated with four significant variators of which 36.12% identified the main parameters BOD, COD, TP, ammonia, nitrate, and detergent. The cluster analysis grouped the sampling locations into 3 (three) clusters to indicate the spatial classifications of river water. Cluster 1 indicates pollutants from the residential area, Cluster 2 from residential and commercial areas, while Cluster 3 is majorly pollutants from industrial areas. Conclusion, significance, and impact study: The results showed the conductivity and TDS concentrations in cluster 3 are higher than the others since most of the sampling points are located near an industrial area or downstream close to the estuary. The mapping gave a better understanding of the river water quality characteristic spatially and could assist local governments in prioritizing river pollution management.
 
USE OF ANOVA STATISTICAL METHOD IN EVALUATION OF TOFU WASTEWATER USED FOR SPIRULINA CULTURE MEDIUM ENRICHED WITH UREA AND NaHCO3
Get PDFIndonesia has a large amount of liquid waste originating from the tofu industry. Currently, the treatment of tofu industrial wastewater is carried out using both anaerobic and aerobic methods, but both methods still have several weaknesses. In this study, the tofu industrial wastewater was utilized as a culture medium for Spirulina sp. to provide economic value from wastewater that can be used as bioethanol, pharmaceuticals, and food products rich in omega 3, chlorophyll, carotenoids. Aim: The growth of Spirulina sp. is closely related to the availability of macro and micronutrients as nutrients and the influence of environmental conditions, so this study was aimed to see the best variation of the addition of urea and NaHCO3 as additional nutrients to maximize growth and cell density of Spirulina sp. with tofu industrial wastewater media. Methodology and Results: This study was done by culvitating Spirulina sp in the growth media, measuring the Optical Density (OD), and analyzing quantitatively and using ANOVA on IBM SPSS Statistics version 20. The study indicated that adding urea and NaHCO3 to Spirulina sp. had no effect on cell density and growth rate. Treatment with addition of urea 0.36 g/500 ml without additional of NaHCO3 had the highest growth rate, 0.00852/day, and the highest cell density value on Spirulina sp. growth. Conclusion, significance, and impact study: The tofu liquid waste can be used as a new alternative used as fertilizer because in the liquid tofu waste, it provides the nutrients needed by Spirulina sp
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS IN SELECTING THE BEST ELECTRODE BETWEEN ALUMINUM AND IRON IN TSS REMOVAL USING ELECTROCOAGULATION
Get PDFIndonesia is a country that has considerable coal reserves with coal resources of 149.01 billion tons. One of the problems of coal mining is turbidity. The turbidity is caused by the excavation of the open pit mine so that rainwater contact with the main wall. So that mud is formed, which can increase turbidity levels. The concentration of Total Suspended Solids (TSS) due to this phenomenon reaches 5,400 mg/L. Aim: This study aims to set aside TSS by electrocoagulation processing method using a batch system with eight pairs of iron electrodes arranged monopolarly. Methodology and Results: Comparisons using statistically independent t-tests showed that there was no significant difference between the iron and aluminium electrodes in the pH parameter. Conclusion, significance, and impact study:There were significant differences between iron and aluminum electrodes in the parameters of TDS and TSS. In the measured TDS and TSS parameters, the electrocoagulation process using iron electrodes has a higher value than aluminum electrodes. In the TSS removal, there is no significant difference between the two electrodes (iron and aluminium)
CONSTRUCTED WETLAND AT GALUGA LANDFILL FOR LEACHATE TREATMENT: A SUSTAINABLE APPROACH
Get PDFAim: This study aims to treat leachate by using the constructed wetland. Moreover, the study of the usage of solid waste as a part of constructed wetland was also carried out to analyze the potential of solid waste utilization as filter media. Methodology and Results: Two different alternatives were proposed to obtain the best system, i.e., conventionally constructed wetlands with gravel, sand, and rock as the filtration media, and constructed wetlands that utilize solid waste as the media. The leachate was treated in a constructed wetland using the pandan plant through a phytoremediation process. The results showed that constructed wetlands were able to reduce BOD, COD, nitrate, and phosphate concentrations up to 87.3%, 87.7%, 86%, and 99.7% in a conventionally constructed wetland, also up to 77.1%, 76.9%, 98%, and 98.9% in constructed wetland using solid waste. The analysis results show that the TSS value still exceeds the quality standard due to suspended particles in the water. Conclusion, significance, and impact study: The results showed that constructed wetland significantly affected the reduction of BOD, COD, nitrate, and phosphate but did not significantly reduce TSS. Therefore, additional technology, such as a sedimentation tank, is needed. This ecologically constructed wetland is the first step in achieving sustainable development
THE TYPOLOGY OF PUBLIC OPEN SPACE IN PERI-URBAN UNPLANNED SETTLEMENT. CASE STUDY: KAMPONG OF KALIPATEN, TANGERANG, INDONESIA
Get PDFThe growth of the Tangerang area reflects the urban growth trend which leads to a wider growth pattern to the area around the Major City. One indication of the growth is the character changed of settlements that previously had a rural character into urban character, especially in building density. The growth in the number of houses as residences has resulted in changes in the type of open space and its use. Aim: This research aims to identify the type and character of open spaces in unplanned settlements that are growth very quickly because of the area directly adjacent to the Gading Serpong new town. Methodology and Results: The method used is descriptive qualitative. The type of open space is measured by the criteria of location, form, function, and land status. The character of open space is studied by connecting the existence of open space with the social interaction of the residents of the settlement. Conclusion, significance, and impact of study: The findings that have been obtained from this research are that open spaces have five types with a very prominent spatial character, namely open spaces that arise through natural social processes, are not specially designed and have a very important role in bonding the social interaction of their inhabitants