Indonesian Journal of Urban and Environmental Technology
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A DECADE TEMPORAL EVOLUTION OF RICE FIELD AREA CHANGES IN KESIMAN VILLAGE, BALI-INDONESIA
No full textAim: This research focuses on understanding the extent of rice field loss and the corresponding increase in non-agricultural land to promote sustainable land management and planning. It examines the significant land-use changes in the Jepun Pipil Region, Kesiman Village, Bali, from 2013 to 2024, with a focus on rice fields and non-rice fields. Methodology and results: The study utilizes remote sensing technology and Landsat satellite imagery, applying four vegetation indices (NDVI, EVI, SAVI, and LAI) to analyze temporal changes in land cover. Among these, NDVI proved to be the most effective index for monitoring the transformations. The analysis shows a notable reduction in rice fields, particularly between 2023 and 2024, with a 43.48% decrease due to urban expansion and infrastructure development. Conversely, non-rice fields expanded by 130.43% during the same period, driven by the increasing demand for residential and commercial areas. Conclusion, significance, and impact study: The study highlights the importance of sustainable land-use planning and urges policymakers to strike a balance between development and the conservation of agricultural lands. The findings provide critical insights for local governments and stakeholders in land management and urban planning, contributing to wider efforts in monitoring agricultural land use and shaping effective policy strategies
QUANTIFYING GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS FROM CORPORATE OFFICE OPERATIONS: PT PLN (PERSERO) UNIT INDUK DISTRIBUSI (UID) KALSELTENG CASE STUDY
No full textOffice-based operations in the energy sector are an underrecognized yet significant source of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. At PT PLN (Persero) UID Kalselteng-the main electricity provider for South and Central Kalimantan-routine administrative and technical activities contribute to emissions primarily through electricity consumption, fossil fuel vehicle use, and solid waste generation. Aim: This study aims to identify and quantify the main emission sources from PLN’s office operations over a three-year period (2022-2024), and to propose actionable mitigation strategies aligned with PLN’s decarbonization targets and Indonesia’s national sustainability goals. Methodology and results: Using the 2006 IPCC Guidelines, emissions were calculated across three categories: electricity use, transportation fuel, and waste disposal. The analysis shows that electricity consumption is the dominant source, contributing an average of 6,447.56 tons CO₂-eq per year (83% of total emissions). This is followed by emissions from operational vehicles at 1,175.30 tons CO₂-eq (15.2%) and solid waste at 107.85 tons CO₂-eq (1.4%). Conclusion, significance and impact: These findings reveal that office-level emissions-particularly in energy utilities-are both substantial and symptomatic of broader structural inefficiencies in emission control. Addressing these is critical for advancing sustainability, as they significantly impact organizational carbon footprints. Accordingly, this study recommends four key mitigation strategies: (1) retrofitting offices with energy-efficient systems, (2) transitioning to electric vehicles, (3) implementing zero-waste-to-landfill policies, and (4) initiating localized tree-planting programs for carbon offsetting. Together, these measures support integrated sustainability efforts by reducing emissions, improving resource efficiency, and reinforcing PLN’s leadership in sustainable public utility operations across Indonesia and Southeast Asia
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF RECLAIMED ASPHALT PAVEMENT MIXED WITH MULTI-LAYER PLASTIC WASTE FOR SUSTAINABLE URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE
No full textAim: This study aimed to evaluate the performance of 30% and 50% Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) mixtures incorporating polymer as a recycling agent. Multi-layer Plastic (MLP) waste was used along with the coupling agent lignin to improve compatibility between the materials. Methodology and results: RAP was processed to separate the aged binder from the reclaimed aggregate, and both components were characterized by physical analysis. The results showed that the presence of aged asphalt in RAP affected the gradation consistency and decreased the bulk density of the RAP aggregate. The Asphalt Concrete-Wearing Course (AC-WC) specification was applied, and analyses were completed based on Marshall mix design parameters. The results indicated an increase in the stability values of the RAP mixtures by up to 15%. This condition was accompanied by increased volumetric parameters, causing the 50% RAP mixture to exceed the allowable threshold values. The recycling agent provided better compatibility, resulting in a decrease in the void percentage of the 30% RAP mixture. The Residual Strength Index (RSI) analysis demonstrated that the recycled mixtures exhibited better resistance to moisture, particularly the 30% RAP mixture, which showed more than a 10% increase in the RSI value. Conclusion, significance and impact study: The recycling agent is crucial in reducing the porosity and air voids in mixtures containing RAP. Increased adoption of mixtures incorporating solid construction waste, such as RAP, can contribute to the conservation of natural resources. Substituting new asphalt and aggregates with recycled materials will help achieve sustainability goals in road construction projects
META-ANALYSIS OF LAND VALUE UPLIFT FROM TOD PROJECTS: IMPLICATIONS FOR URBAN DEVELOPMENT AND POLICY
No full textAim: This study aims to systematically quantify the average land value appreciation (LVU) associated with Transit-Oriented Development (TOD) initiatives globally and present standardized reference values for the efficient design of Land Value Capture (LVC) measures. Methodology and results: The employed meta-analysis using evidence from multiple empirical studies of different urban settings and transit modes. Fixed Effect and Random Effect Models were used to statistically robust estimate LVU measures against heterogeneity of methodologies, locations, and transit systems. Publication bias and variance estimation approaches (DL, REML, PM) were tested for providing reliable results. Analysis in our study finds average TOD-related LVU between 4.2% and 39.4%, and an overall effect size of 14% (95% CI: 8% - 20%) within 1km of transit stations. Conclusion, significance and impact study: Meta-analysis documents substantial but heterogeneous LVU from TOD initiatives, confirming the economic return of transit investments and highlighting the relevance of local contextual determinants of the size of uplift. The research provides essential standardized LVU comparisons for policymakers, urban planners, and researchers creating effective LVC programs to achieve sustainable urban growth. Findings confirm evidence-based investment decisions in infrastructure and contribute to theory for transit-induced land value relations, making it possible to make more accurate financial estimates for future TOD projects globally
THE GENESIS OF JAKARTA AS A "BAY CITY" IN THE QUATERNARY PERIOD AND ITS IMPLICATIONS
Full text linkJakarta, the capital of Indonesia, is a coastal city shaped by geological and environmental processes over the past two million years of the Quaternary Period. The Jakarta Plain was formed by a mix of land sediments from the Cisadane and Citarum Rivers and marine sediments from the Java Sea. The southern region is a volcanic highland, while the city lies on lowlands with elevations ranging from 0 to 40 meters above sea level. Aims: to investigate the geological origin and sedimentary structure of the Jakarta Plain as a bay city situated between two major river deltas and to understand the implications of its geological development for spatial planning, environmental management, groundwater utilization, land subsidence, flood control, and coastal resource management, especially in the Jakarta Bay area, which features coral reef island ecosystems. Methodology and results: the research was conducted through field observations of geological outcrops and coral reef islands in Jakarta Bay, complemented by secondary data sources. The results indicate that the plain is filled by alternating layers of terrestrial and marine sediments, with strong geological connections to the surrounding Bodetabek region (Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, Bekasi). Conclusion, significance, and impact study: The study concludes that a thorough understanding of Jakarta’s sedimentary history is essential for mitigating geological risks and supporting sustainable urban development. Furthermore, Jakarta Bay’s coral reef islands hold considerable potential for tourism, underscoring the importance of integrated coastal and environmental planning based on sound geological insight
ALTERNATIVE LOCATION ANALYSIS FOR RELOCATION OF WASTE LANDFILLS IN SOUTH TANGERANG CITY
Full text linkThe rapid urban development of South Tangerang City, established under Law No. 51/2008, has led to significant challenges in municipal solid waste management. With a population density of 8,632 people/km² and daily waste generation reaching 972.628 tons, the city\u27s existing landfill, Landfill Cipeucang, has experienced operational issues including a major waste slide in 2020 and ongoing community complaints about odors. These issues are exacerbated by the landfill\u27s proximity to the Cisadane River, a critical source of drinking water, necessitating immediate action to ensure environmental and public health safety. Aim: This study aims to identify suitable alternative landfill locations to support the relocation of Landfill Cipeucang using spatial and technical criteria. Methodology and results: The method employs a spatial analysis approach through Geographic Information Systems (GIS), utilizing layering and buffering techniques based on parameters such as distance from settlements, water bodies, airports, disaster risk zones, and hydrogeological characteristics. Overlay analysis was performed to pinpoint optimal sites. The results indicated several candidate locations that meet all environmental and technical standards. Comparative evaluation among alternatives revealed the most appropriate site, considering accessibility, minimal disaster risk, and land suitability. These findings are consistent with recent landfill management research in Indonesia advocating for site relocation and innovation in waste handling. Conclusion, significance, and impact study: In conclusion, relocating the landfill based on systematic spatial and technical analysis is critical to achieving sustainable waste management in South Tangerang City and preventing further environmental degradation
INVESTIGATING HYBRID ELECTROCOAGULATION-FENTON SYSTEM FOR SUSTAINABLE NICKEL REMEDIATION IN WATER RESOURCE
No full textAim: One of the biggest problems of the 21st century is water scarcity and the lack of optimal treatments to solve a need that is increasing due to the contamination of this resource and growing population. The objective of this research is to conduct laboratory-level research on the efficiency of conventional treatments, advanced oxidation processes, and a modified electrocoagulation treatment. Methodology and results: The process known as typical treatment with aluminum sulfate at concentrations of 75, 150, and 225 mg and pH levels of 2, 3, and 4; Fenton reaction at the above concentrations using ferrous sulfate and 0. 22 mL of hydrogen peroxide at the above pH conditions; electrocoagulation with Fenton was performed at a voltage of 17.5 and 19 V, using aluminum electrodes and Fenton reagent conditions similar to the above-mentioned process, except for the medium, where a pH of 8 and 10 is proposed. According to the above experiments, the following results were obtained respectively: Typical treatment with an average removal of 0%, Fenton maximum average removal of 50% at pH 4 and 225 mg of reagent; modified electrocoagulation obtained maximum average removals of 97.6% at pH 8, 19 V, 75 mg of Fenton, and 60 min. Conclusions, Significance, and Impact Study: The addition of Fenton reagent to the electrocoagulation process helps to reduce the reaction time to 30 minutes, according to the literature, making modified electrocoagulation a viable treatment for nickel-contaminated water, in addition to achieving higher removal results than other treatments
ASSESSING GROUNDWATER QUALITY IN NORTH JAKARTA: A STATISTICAL APPROACH
No full textAims: This study investigates the groundwater quality in North Jakarta. Methodology and results: The groundwater data from thirty-one sampling sites were analyzed for physical and chemical parameters such as total dissolved solids (TDS), pH, turbidity, nitrate (NO3), sulfate (SO4), chloride (Cl), manganese (Mn), fluoride (F), and iron (Fe). Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Spearman’s correlation matrix were utilized to evaluate the contamination sources. Conclusion, significance, and impact study: The findings reveal significant variability in chloride and total dissolved solids (TDS) concentrations, while fluoride levels remained stable. Strong correlations were found between TDS and chloride, as well as, turbidity and iron, suggesting contamination from seawater intrusion and industrial activities. PCA identified four key components explaining 77% of the total variance. The first component, dominated by TDS, turbidity, iron, and chlorine, indicates ongoing seawater infiltration in the coastal aquifer. The second component, associated with turbidity, nitrate, and fluoride, indicates contamination from human activities. This study shows the value of multivariate statistical techniques like PCA, in assessing groundwater quality. The correlation matrix further confirms the influence of seawater on groundwater salinity and the presence of heavy metals, possibly due to soil disturbance. Moreover, there is an influence of geological and geographical factors, particularly the excessive groundwater extraction leading to seawater intrusion and groundwater quality deterioration.