Indonesian Journal of Urban and Environmental Technology
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Multi-Criteria Analysis for Selecting Solid Waste Management Concept Case Study: Rural Areas in Sentani Lake Region, Jayapura
Get PDFAim: This study aims to identify, develop, and determine the most suitable concept of solid waste management to be applied in Ifale Village, Yobeh Village, Putali Village, Atamali Village, and Asei Besar Village. Until now, the application of solid waste management system in Jayapura is still far from what people expected since it has been unable to serve the communities who live in rural areas on the islands around Sentani Lake. As a result, 12,554.38 liters/day of solid waste generated by the community in these regions is left untreated. Methodology and Results: The study is using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. The AHP calculations show that the idea of handling solid waste in an integrated treatment facility—following the initial sorting on the household scale—has the highest priority weight (2.05) compared to the other alternatives. Hence, it has been chosen as the best solid waste management concept that can be applied to the study sites. Based on the results as well, the main criteria to be considered include the environmental aspects, social aspects, and technical aspects with each weighing value of 0.534, 0.186, and 0.147, respectively. Conclution, significans and impact study: The sub-criteria with the highest priorities to be considered in making the decision are the soil pollution (due to produced leachate), air pollution (potentially in the form of stench and gas emissions), the transmission of disease vectors, public participation, and the operational convenience
Influence of Mixing and Detention Time in Electro Coagulation Process to Treat Raw Water at Badak Singa Water Treatment Plant
Get PDFSource of raw water used at Badak Singa Water Treatment Plant come from surface water such as Cisangkuy River. This source of raw water is affected by conditions in the upstream, pollution along the stream, climate and weather. In the drinking water supply system, turbidity is one important factor for several reasons such as aesthetic factor, burden to filtration, and interfere the disinfection process. Electro coagulation is one of water treatment method that combines the process of coagulation, flotation, and electrochemical. Aims: This research aims to see at the ability of the electro coagulation process in reducing turbidity as an alternative to substitute the conventional coagulation system. Methodology and results: This research carried out by testing electro coagulation with variations in mixing, current density produced by voltage 10, 20 and 30 volt and detention time 5, 10, 20 and 30 minute to reduce the initial turbidity of 100 NTU. The result are that: the efficiency of electro coagulation with mixing is better than electro coagulation without mixing to reduce the initial turbidity of 100 NTU; the final turbidity value of the processing result is better as the length of detention time used and meet the quality standard from detention time of 10 minute; the higher the current density given and the longer the detention time used, the higher the processing efficiency and the formed flock volume is deposited. Conclusion, significance and impact study: A good turbidizing removal process using electrocoagulation requires the agitation process and long detention time
Environmental Risk Considerations in the Development of Solid Waste Facility: Case Study Rawa Kucing Solid Waste Facility, Tangerang City
Get PDFTangerang City is one of the cities in Banten Province. The dense population causes an increase in the volume of waste, so an adequate Solid Waste Facility (SWF) is needed. Solid Waste Facility is the place to process and return the waste to the environment. Rawa Kucing SWF is one that serves Tangerang City with an area of 37.7 hectares, divided into four landfill zones and landfill support facilities. With the remaining land that can be used to build a new landfill, it is necessary to conduct a study on the feasibility of Rawa Kucing SWF if it is still feasible as seen by the environmental conditions or not. In the Regulation of the Minister of Public Works Number 3 of 2013, there is a land suitability assessment for taking decision of SWF whether it is to be rehabilitated or should be closed known as the Integrated Risk Based Approach (IRBA). The result of the environmental risk index assessment based on IRBA is 599.03, which means that mean Rawa Kucing SWF is included in moderate hazard category. The recommended action in this category is that the TPA is continued and rehabilitated into gradually controlled landfill. Currently, the Rawa Kucing SWF has applied controlled landfill method, so the effort to develop the landfill method into sanitary landfill method can be done gradually to reduce adverse impact to the environment. Technology such as Waste-to-Energy (WtE) Plants can also be considered to reduce the waste load entering the landfill
The Characteristics of Domestic Wastewater from Office Buildings in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia
Get PDFDomestic wastewater generated from various types of buildings has been recognized to be different to some extent. This research aimed to know the quality, quantity, fluctuation of quality, and fluctuation of quantity of domestic wastewater discharged from office buildings. The composite samples were taken from two office buildings. The black water and gray water were taken from Building A with number of people 53 persons, and the mixed wastewater was taken both from Building A and Building B with number of people 900 persons. The fluctuation and quantity of wastewater were measured every hour from 7 am until 4 pm during the working time. The results showed that the quality of wastewater from office building contained 176 to 238 mg/L COD, 73.06 to 106.51 mg/L TN, and 3.66 to 7.70 mg/L TP with the average of C:N:P ratio was 100:42:2.56. Quantity of wastewater discharged from office buildings were from 39.61 to 49.93 liter/person/day. COD concentration changed significantly during the working time with mean ± standard (252.5±89). The quantity of wastewater varied over time and the peak discharge for black water and gray water were 2.85 litter/person/hour and 3.74 liter/person/hour, which occurred during the beginning of working time and the praying time of muslim Indonesian culture. It suggests that the domestic wastewater from office buildings has specific characteristics and it contains high concentration of nutrient that is required appropriate advanced technology for treating this kind of wastewater
Selection of Alternative Domestic Wastewater Treatment Technology with Using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) Approach: Case Study Settlement Area of Riverbank Karang Mumus of Samarinda City, East Kalimantan
No full textAims: This study aims to analyze and select wastewater treatment technology that can be applied to riverbank settlement areas through environmental impact evaluation using LCA. The technology option is selected through the physical condition of the settlement environment on the river banks and then analyzed descriptively by making a flow chart of the processing technology options and compared with the wastewater treatment technologies that have been applied to residential areas of river banks or other swamp settlements. Methodology and results: The technology options will be analyzed and evaluated for potential environmental impacts of the construction and operation phase, using LCA through SimaPro8.4 software with an impact analysis using CML2 Baseline 2000. The impacts analyzed include acidification, eutrophication, global warming, ozone depletion. The results showed that the selected technological options were septic tanks, tripikon-s, and biofilter. In an environmental impact analysis it is known that the construction phase is a phase that contributes greatly to the potential environmental impacts. The potential for acidification and global warming are the dominant potential impact from the three technology options, with a contribution of 2.01x10-10 kgSO2-eq for the potential of acidification and 1.11x10-10 kgCO2-eq for global warming potential with biofiltration as a main contributor. The eutrophication potential is caused by nutrients (Total Nitrogen and Phosphorus) that come out along with the treated wastewater at the operating stage. The greatest eutrophication potential is generated on the Tripikon-S, at 2.3x10-10 kgPO4-eq. The potential for ozone depletion, biofiltration contributes significantly to 3.09x10-12 kgCFC-11-eq. Conclusion, significance and impact study: Based on the comparison of technology, it is known that Tripikon S has the potential for environmental impact is quite minimal and can be an option to be applied to the river banks
Adsorption for Lead Removal by Chitosan from Shrimp Shells
Get PDFAim: The objective of this study is to obtain the optimum efficiency of Lead (Pb) removal by adsorption using shrimp shells chitosan. Adsorption is one of the alternative ways to treat heavy metal. Various substances can be used as adsorbents for the adsorption process. One of the natural adsorbents that can be utilized is shrimp shells. Methodology and Results: In general, the process of making chitin into chitosan includes demineralization with dilute HCl, deproteinization with dilute NaOH, then deacetylation of chitin using concentrated NaOH. This study would demonstrate the adsorption on artificial waste containing 100 mg/L of Pb using 1 gram of chitosan with variations in pH (4, 5, 6) and time (30, 60, 90 minutes) to determine the effectiveness of chitosan made of shrimp shells in reducing Pb concentration. The results show that the highest removal efficiency of lead was achieved at pH 4 and 90 minutes duration with a removal percentage of 99.88%. Conclusion, significance, and impact study: Chitosan compounds as the results of shrimp shells processing have amine groups (NH2) which are nucleophiles (rich in electrons). It is favorable to be used as biocoagulants or bioadsorbents of lead heavy metal with a removal efficiency of above 90%
