Indonesian Journal of Urban and Environmental Technology
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Implementing Wood Waste Upcycling into Smart Side Tables for Indoor Air Quality Surveillance
No full textAim: The study aims to design and develop a bedside table using recycled wood and plywood waste while incorporating an indoor air quality (IAQ) monitoring system to improve indoor environmental health within the context of interior design innovation. Methodology and results: The study employs a qualitative design thinking approach, following the five key stages: empathize, define, ideate, prototype, and test. The bedside table is developed using upcycled wood waste and features an integrated IAQ monitoring system based on Arduino Nano\u27s technology. The system includes DHT11 sensors for temperature and humidity monitoring and additional sensors for detecting CO and CO₂ levels. The results demonstrate that utilizing wood waste in furniture production effectively reduces landfill dependency while contributing to sustainable material use. Moreover, the embedded IAQ monitoring system enhances user awareness of indoor environmental conditions, supporting healthier living spaces. This research demonstrates the feasibility of integrating sustainable design and technological innovation to address environmental and health challenges in furniture interior design. The study enhances resource efficiency by repurposing wood waste into functional furniture while improving indoor air quality through smart monitoring technology. Conclusions, Significance, and Impact Study: The findings highlight the potential of smart furniture in promoting sustainability and health-conscious living. This study provides a practical framework for future furniture designs that support ecological responsibility and user well-being. This research sets a foundation for innovative product development in the furniture industry by bridging sustainable materials with IoT-based monitoring
An Integrated Pavement Maintenance Management Model for Coastal Roads under Seawater Exposure and Traffic Loading
No full textAim: This study aims to develop an adaptive management and maintenance model for flexible pavement in coastal areas by integrating road condition evaluation, cost analysis, and the effects of seawater immersion. The model is intended to improve maintenance efficiency, extend pavement service life, and support sustainable infrastructure management. Methodology and results: A quantitative and experimental approach was employed. Field surveys assessed pavement conditions using the Pavement Condition Index (PCI), Surface Distress Index (SDI), and International Roughness Index (IRI). Asphalt samples were tested in the laboratory under seawater immersion to evaluate strength reduction through Marshall and Indirect Tensile Strength tests. Damage data were integrated with maintenance cost analysis and traffic volume, producing a predictive model using regression and correlation analysis. Initial results indicate that seawater immersion significantly accelerates pavement deterioration and increases maintenance costs compared to normal conditions. Conclusion, significance, and impact study: he proposed model provides a comprehensive framework by considering technical, economic, and environmental factors specific to coastal infrastructure. Findings highlight the importance of condition-based maintenance strategies that are adaptive to climate change and extreme environmental risks. This study contributes to achieving sustainable infrastructure, resilient cities, and climate action for coastal environments
Evaluation of Ambient Air Quality at Integrated Waste Processing Facilities and Its Implications for Workers
No full textAim: This study evaluated air quality, worker exposure, and health risks at a 3R Integrated Waste Processing Facility in Banyumas Regency, Indonesia, where waste is combusted for extended periods. Methodology and results: Over five consecutive days, concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, CO2, CO, and respirable dust were measured during morning and afternoon shifts. Results revealed persistently hazardous particulate matter levels: PM2.5 exceeded World Health Organization (WHO) limits by 10–90 times, and PM10 by 5–44 times, with no significant difference between sampling periods (p > 0.05). Respirable dust and CO remained within safe thresholds, while CO2 was consistently elevated during morning startup operations. Risk Quotient (RQ) analysis identified CO2 as the only pollutant above the safety threshold (RQ = 1.184), correlating with worker-reported symptoms such as dizziness, fatigue, and difficulty concentrating. Intake calculations confirmed high chronic health risks, particularly for respiratory and cardiovascular disease. Conclusion, Significance, and Impact: Immediate interventions are required, including improved combustion efficiency, local exhaust ventilation, strict use of personal protective equipment, and regular worker health monitoring. Long-term strategies should focus on regulatory reform, advanced emission control technologies, and transitioning toward sustainable waste management through recycling, composting, and circular economy practices. These actions align with United Nations Sustainable Development Goals for health, sustainable cities, and climate action
Sustainable Utilization of Industrial Solid Waste in Lightweight Concrete Blocks to Support Environmentally Friendly Cities
No full textAim: This study aims to evaluate the influence of gold tailings waste (GTW), nickel slag (NS), and rejected plastic (RP) as partial substitutes for cement and fine aggregates on the mechanical and physical properties of lightweight concrete blocks for sustainable construction applications. Methodology and Results: GTW was substituted at 5% by weight of cement, while NS and RP replaced fine aggregates at variations of 10–20% and 10–15%, respectively. Concrete specimens were cast, cured, and tested in accordance with SNI and ASTM standards. Compressive strength and density were measured at 7, 14, and 28 days, while splitting tensile strength and porosity were evaluated at 28 days. The results show that compressive strength increased with curing age, reaching 1.56–2.37 MPa at 28 days. The optimal mixture (BR 5GTW 20NS 10RP) achieved 1.93 MPa, exceeding the minimum SNI requirement of 1.8 MPa for lightweight concrete blocks. Density values ranged from 683 to 1001 kg/m³, confirming the lightweight classification. Splitting tensile strength ranged between 0.315 and 0.388 MPa, while porosity varied from 4.38% to 8.12%, indicating acceptable physical performance. Conclusion, Significance, and Impact of the Study: The incorporation of GTW, NS, and RP enhances mechanical performance while maintaining appropriate density and porosity. This approach offers a sustainable and cost-effective construction material by valorizing industrial waste, reducing environmental burdens, and supporting environmentally responsible urban infrastructure development
Quantifying Peak-Hour Traffic Contributions to Urban Air Pollution in Makassar City, Indonesia
No full textAim: This study focuses on the main urban corridors of Makassar City and the short-term exposure levels of CO, PM2.5, and TSP resulting from traffic congestion during peak hours. Methodology and Results: Field measurements were conducted along three major corridors: Sultan Alauddin, A.P. Pettarani, and Urip Sumoharjo. The measurements included pollutant concentrations, traffic counts, and weather conditions during both peak and non-peak periods. The study employed a time-series quantitative observational design. The statistical analyses used were Pearson’s correlation, multiple linear regression, and the independent-samples t-test. The results revealed correlations of 0.98–0.99 between traffic volume and CO concentrations, and 0.94 for TSP. During peak periods, a strong correlation was observed between vehicle volume and PM2.5 levels, which exceeded WHO limits. TSP concentrations were also noticeably above the acceptable exposure range. CO concentrations were influenced by traffic volume and remained low but significant. Conclusion, Significance, and Impact of the Study: During peak traffic congestion, substantial tailpipe and non-tailpipe emissions are released, leading to the accumulation of pollutants along urban corridors. The implementation of a fully functional multi-corridor and multi-pollutant traffic and air quality monitoring system demonstrates an assessment framework that can be applied in other locations. These findings provide evidence to support sustainable urban transport systems and air quality management strategies, with expected outcomes including time-targeted traffic control and reductions in non-tailpipe emissions. Ultimately, these efforts contribute to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG 11 and SDG 3) related to improved air quality
Community-Centered Plastic Waste Management: Leveraging Household Participation via Waste Bank in Padang, Indonesia
No full textPlastic waste in Indonesia threatens environmental sustainability and health. This study explores waste bank as a social innovation based on the 3R principle, as a means of education, behavior change in waste management, and the implementation of the circular economy. Aims: This study aims to identify and describe the practices and reasons of household participation in waste bank, also the efforts of administrators to increase it. Methodology and results: Using Giddens\u27 structuration theory and a mixed-methods approach, this study indicates promising results regarding the participation process in plastic waste management at the community level. This article examines a case of a waste bank, which is developing well in the city of Padang, Indonesia. The results revealed that most customers of the waste bank deposit plastic waste biweekly, where generally household members are involved in sorting waste at home. Conclusion, significance and impact study: The cause of the high level of household participation is a combination of environmental awareness and economic incentives. Household participation is relatively high and gives hope for sustainable plastic waste management. The efforts of waste bank administrators provide additional services leveraging household participation in waste bank. Awareness to protect the environment is the main driver of household participation. The innovation of waste pick-up services using motorcycle rickshaws implemented by the management of the Waste Bank. The use of waste bank in managing plastic waste will have an impact on achieving SDG 11.6
A Multidimensional Assessment of the Maggot-in-the Box System for Household Black Soldier Fly-based Waste Management In Indonesia
No full textAim: The goal of this study is to evaluate the sustainability performance of the Maggot-in-the-Box system, a household-scale organic waste management solution in Indonesia, from environmental, economic, and social perspectives. Methodology and results: The study used an integrated assessment framework, which is a combination of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), Cost–Benefit Analysis (CBA), and social perception analysis. Furthermore, environmental performance was assessed using LCA and the focus is on Global Warming Potential (GWP) (per kilogram of biowaste). CBA was used to evaluated Economic feasibility considering net profit, payback period, and Net Present Value (NPV). Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) topic modelling of user reviews was used to examine social acceptance. The results show the Maggot-in-the-Box system has very low emissions, with a GWP of 0.002576 kg CO₂-eq per kilogram of biowaste. In comparison with the Takakura composting method, this is about 27 times lower. It is just 3.6% of the combined emissions of all systems evaluated. Economically, the system has financial benefits, generating a net annual profit of IDR 2.38 million per household. The payback period is 3 to 4 months with a 5-year NPV of IDR 10.2 million at a 3% discount rate. Social analysis shows positive user perceptions regarding waste reduction and simplicity in the operation. Conclusion, significance and impact study: Research findings reflect how the Maggot-in-the-Box system achieves a strong balance between environmental performance, economic feasibility, and also social reception. Therefore, there is high potential that the system could be used as a practical and scalable household organic waste management solution in Indonesia
Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment of Refuse-Derived Fuel Life Cycles in Developing Countries: A Bibliometric Systematic Literature Review
No full textWaste management poses a critical global challenge, particularly in developing countries. Refuse-Derived Fuel (RDF) offers a promising solution, necessitating holistic sustainability evaluations through Life Cycle Sustainability Assessment (LCSA). Aim: This study aimed to conduct a systematic and bibliometric review mapping trends, analyzing methodologies, identifying barriers, and evaluating strategies concerning LCSA development in RDF life cycles within developing countries. Methodology and results: Employing a Bibliometric-Systematic Literature Review (B-SLR) using Scopus data (2011-2024) and analyzed via VOSviewer and qualitative content analysis, the study identified 22 relevant publications. Findings reveal a fluctuating yet growing publication trend with increasing citations, though international collaboration remains limited despite concentrated productivity. Methodologically, studies predominantly use LCA and LCC, with scarce S-LCA integration; key themes include environmental impacts, waste-to-energy (especially RDF in cement), and circular economy. Implementation faces significant technical, economic, social, and regulatory barriers. Proposed strategies emphasize crucial advancements in infrastructure, process optimization, stakeholder engagement, and robust regulatory frameworks. Conclusion, significance and impact study: The findings confirm that while scholarly interest in LCSA for RDF is increasing, its application is fragmented and hindered by persistent barriers. This research provides a crucial synthesis of evidence-based insights for policymakers and enriches academic understanding of LCSA in alternative waste management. Future work should prioritize developing integrated LCSA methodologies (especially for S-LCA), addressing critical data gaps, conducting holistic case studies, fostering international collaboration, and validating proposed strategies to accelerate sustainable RDF adoption and comprehensive waste management
Eco-Friendly Treatment of Clarias spp. Fish Farm Wastewater via Phytoremediation with Ipomoea Aquatica and Lemna Minor
No full textAim: This study aims to assess the effectiveness of phytoremediation using Ipomoea aquatica and Lemna minor in reducing contaminants in catfish aquaculture wastewater, with particular attention to the effects of plant species and residence time in the wastewater. Methodology and Results: The phytoremediation tanks were constructed from Glass with dimensions of 40 cm (L) × 25 cm (W) × 30 cm (H). The effluent tank was made of a plastic basin with an approximate capacity of 3 liters. The treatment was conducted using a batch system. The independent variables in this study were plant type and retention time. The dependent variables comprised Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), phosphate and ammonia concentrations in the wastewater. The effectiveness of contaminant reduction varied depending on plant type and retention time, with significant reductions observed. The combination of Ipomoea aquatica and Lemna minor, with a retention time of 10 days (T3D3), achieved the highest removal efficiencies for BOD (96.15%), COD (83.63%), and 95.9% for Ammonia and Phosphate (91.87%). Conclusion, significance, and impact study: The phytoremediation process using different plant types and retention times effectively reduced BOD, COD, TSS, Ammonia, and phosphate levels in catfish aquaculture wastewater. Notwithstanding these advancements, the application of a combination of Ipomoea aquatica and Lemna minor for phytoremediation to mitigate pollutants in catfish aquaculture wastewater remains relatively unexplored
Local Wisdom-based Approaches for Disaster Risk Reduction in Urban Communities: Insights from Kampung Kuta
No full textAims: This study aimed to develop an approach for disaster risk reduction in urban communities of the indigenous community in Kampung Kuta, West Java, to enhance disaster literacy. The primary issue addressed was the insufficient integration of traditional knowledge into formal disaster education, limiting the effectiveness of disaster preparedness in local communities. Methodology and Results: The study highlighted the inadequate integration of traditional knowledge into formal disaster mitigation, hampering the effectiveness of disaster preparedness in indigenous communities. A qualitative approach was employed, involving interviews, observations, and focus group discussions (FGDs) with local indigenous leaders and community members. The results reveal that Kampung Kuta\u27s indigenous knowledge offers valuable practices for disaster mitigation, such as environmental management and communal responsibility, which could be integrated into formal mitigation frameworks. Transforming these traditions into resilience learning strategies could significantly enhance disaster literacy, fostering greater awareness and resilience within the community. The novelty of this research lies in the fusion of traditional and modern educational strategies, creating culturally relevant disaster education approaches that preserve indigenous knowledge and enhance its application in contemporary disaster management. Conclusion, Significance, and Impact: This strategy provides a viable model for other regions with strong traditions of local wisdom, contributing to the global discourse on integrating indigenous practices into disaster risk reduction (DRR) frameworks, especially in areas prone to natural disasters