Jurnal Teknologi dan Industri Pangan
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Cronobacter sakazakii MEMASUKI KONDISI VIABLE BUT NONCULTURABLE SELAMA PEMBENTUKAN BIOFILM
Get PDFStudies show that nonsporeformer food-borne pathogens may enter a viable but nonculturable (VBNC) state under stress conditions. This research aimed to study the ability of Cronobacter sakazakii to enter a VBNC state during biofilm formation on stainless steel (SS) surfaces and its resuscitability. C. sakazakii YRt2a pGFPuv mutant and wildtype (WT) originally isolated from powder infant formula (PIF) were used in this study. Biofilms were developed on SS surfaces in 1/10 Trypticase Soy Broth (TSB). Culturability of the biofilms was monitored by swabbing and plating the WT or mutant sessile cells onto Trypticase Soy Agar (TSA) or TSA containing 100 μg/mL ampicillin (TSAA), respectively. Meanwhile, their viability was measured using direct microscopic (DMC) count based on green fluorescence for mutant isolates and direct viable count (DVC) for the WT using a fluorescence microscope. Biofilm of C. sakazakii pGFPuv mutant on SS entered VBNC state after 25 days of incubation, while the WT C. sakazakii biofilms was still culturable until day 63. Sodium pyruvate in solid and liquid medium was not able to resuscitate the biofilm cells of C. sakazakii pGFPuv in VBNC state. C. sakazakii pGFPuv mutants enter VBNC state faster than the WT isolates. Depleted nutrient is thought to drive biofilm of C. sakazakii pGFPuv to enter VBNC
KARAKTERISTIK MINUMAN WHEY YANG DIFERMENTASIKAN DENGAN BAKTERI ASAM LAKTAT INDIGENUS ASAL DANGKE
No full textWhey from the dangke processing center in Enrekang district, South Sulawesi, is the main by-product which can contribute to environmental pollution. On the other hand, the nutritional content of whey is highly potential to be developed into high value food products and provide functional benefits. Whey processing into a fermented drink is one of the easy and inexpensive alternatives with good prospect to be developed. The aim of this study was to investigate the microbial, physical, chemical and sensory characteristics of the whey drink fermented (FWD) by probiotic lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from dangke. The LAB strain used were Lactobacillus fermentum strains B323K, C113L, A323L, C222L, and B111K. The results showed that the LAB strains grew well the whey medium and the viability met the standard of dairy fermented product. FWD have similar pH, % titratable acidity, and aW characteristics in all fermentation treatments with LAB strains from dangke, however to adjust the pH and acidity level of FWD to the yoghurt standard (pH 4.4 and %TAT 0.9–1.2%), the FWD fermentation must be stopped at the 20th hour. Changes in the level of moisture, ash, and carbohydrate contents of FWD occurred after the fermentation. The sensory quality tests showed that the FWD fermented by LAB strains from dangke was preferred by the panelists than the unfermented one (Whey + 8% sucrose)
KARAKTERISTIK FISIKO-KIMIA DAN FUNGSIONAL PATI SAGU IHUR TERMODIFIKASI DENGAN HEAT MOISTURE TREATMENT
Get PDFThe objective of this study was to characterize the properties of Heat Moisture treatment (HMT) modified ihur sago starch with different moisture contents. The starch was modified with HMT at 110°C after being adjusted to various moisture contents (23, 28, or 33%) for 4 h. The physico-chemical and functional properties of the native and modified HMT Ihur sago starch observed were color, swelling power, solubility, paste clarity, moisture content, ash content, amylose content, phenol content, and resistant starch (RS) content. Results of this study showed that the HMT starch has a higher degree of lightness (L*), redness (a*), and yellowness (b*), solubility (4.85-5.38%) but lower swelling power (44.06-47.47 g/g) than the native starch which has a solubility and swelling power of 4.90% and 50.72 g/g, respectively. Paste clarity was found to decrease along the storage period. In addition, higher moisture content (11.81-13.20%), but lower amylose (14.81-23.52%), phenol (2.50-4.04%), and RS (5.4-6.1%) content were observed than the native starch with amylose, phenol, and RS content of 27.18, 7.91, and 6.5%, respectively
PENGARUH INTERVENSI TAHU KEDELAI HITAM KAYA SERAT TERHADAP GLUKOSA DARAH DAN INFLAMASI RESPONDEN DIABETES TIPE 2
Get PDFType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) subjects have a hyperglycemia condition. Hyperglycemia can cause oxidative stress that trigger glucose autooxidation and reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS also triggers the inflammation and induces the cytokine signalling from cells and body tissues, such as interleukin and prostaglandin enzyme (COX-2). The purpose of this research was to analyze the effect of dietary fiber rich-tofu from black soybean (DFT) on bloods glucose and inflammations of T2DM patients. Intervention group (n=9) was given 80 grams DFT during 30 days and control group (n=9) was not. Blood collections were conducted before and after intervention by certified nurses for all groups for analysis in the laboratory. Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG) was measured by glucometer, while the plasma was analyzed with ELISA to measure the optical density value of IL-6 and COX-2 enzyme. Consumption of DFT resulted in the decline of the optical density of IL-6 value (p=0.00), but DFT could not reduce the FBG and optical density of COX-2 enzyme (p=0.22 and p=0.51). Therefore DFT can be considered as an effective food for reduction of T2DM inflammatory
PERBAIKAN STATUS ANTIOKSIDAN PENDERITA DIABETES TIPE 2 DENGAN TAHU KEDELAI HITAM KAYA SERAT
Get PDFType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a non-insulin dependent diabetes, because insulin is not secreted by beta cell pancreas or dysfunction of insulin reseptors. The purposes of this research were to evaluate the effect of dietary fiber rich- tofu from black soybean on the antioxidant plasma status, malonaldehide (MDA) and hepatic marker in T2DM patients. One group (n=11) of patients was given 80 g of tofu for 30 days while the control group (n=11) was not. No significant differences was observed pertaining the characteristics of both groups before interventions (age, body mass index, body weight, body high, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and fasting blood glucose). The antioxidant activity, MDA and AST/ALT of both groups were analyzed from plasma at day-0 and day-30. Antioxidant activity was analyzed by DPPH method, MDA level with TBARS method, and AST/ALT by International Federation of Clinical Chemistry (IFCC) method. The result showed that the plasma antioxidant increased (4.77±9.49%), but the MDA (2.11±1.73 nmol/mL) and AST (7.73±16.72 U/L)/ ALT (3.55±12.79 U/L) level decreased. Rich dietary fiber tofu from black soybean may have potential use for improving the health status of T2DM patients
SINTASAN Cronobacter sakazakii pGFPuv SELAMA PENYIMPANAN JAGUNG PIPILAN BERKADAR AIR AWAL BERBEDA DI BERBAGAI RH
Get PDFCronobacter sakazakii is an opportunistic foodborne pathogen reported to cause necrotizing enterocolitis, bacteremia, and meningitis in certain groups of infant. C. sakazakii has been reported to survive at low aw or dryness. Presence of wild-type C. sakazakii in dry product is difficult to be distinguished from naturally occuring C. sakazakii. A pGFPuv mutant of C. sakazakii has been reported to have similar growth pattern, thus has the potential to be used in further investigation. The study aimed to evaluate the effect of initial moisture content and relative humidity (RH) on the survival rate of C. sakazakii pGFPuv in corn kernels during storage at room temperature. The study consists of drying corn kernels to achieve moisture contents of 12 and 16% (w.b), inoculation of C. sakazakii pGFPuv, and storage at RH 50, 70 and 90% for 12 weeks. Every two week, corn kernels were sampled and the moisture content was measured using oven method, water activity was measured with aw meter, and total C. sakazakii pGFPuv was enumerated by spread plate method. Meanwhile, total bacteria, mold and yeast were enumerated by pour plate method. Corn kernels achieved equilibrium moisture content and aw after two weeks of storage. The number of C. sakazakii decreased rapidly during storage at RH 70 and 90%, however they could survived at RH 50% for 12 weeks, especially when the initial moisture content was 16%. The total bacteria decreased by 3.5-3.9 Log CFU/g during storage at three RHs, but mold and yeast increased rapidly at RH 90%
SINTESIS DAN MIKROENKAPSULASI PENSUBSTITUSI LEMAK AIR SUSU IBU (PLASI) BERBAHAN MINYAK SAWIT
Get PDFThis study was aimed to evaluate human milk fat substitute (HMFS) synthesized from a mixture of palm stearin, palm kernel oil, soybean oil, olive oil and tuna fish oil at ratios of 2.9:3.4:1.5:2.0:0.2, respectively. The oil blend was interesterified using 10% of lipase as a catalyst at 60°C for 2, 4, 6, 8, 12 and 24 h. The fatty acid composition, melting point and solid fat content of the resulting products were characterized. Fitteen to thirty percent of HMFS were microencapsulated using matrix of skim milk, maltodextrin and lactose at a ratio of 1:1:1. The melting point of the oil blend decreased following interesterification for the optimum reaction time of 4 h and the attained melting point of HMFS was 28°C. Different skim milk solubilty levels influenced the quality of the resulting microcapsules. The concentration of HMFS affected microcapsul yield, encapsulation eficiency and solubility in water. Microencapsulation of HMFS at concentration of 25% using matrix of skim milk, maltodextrin and lactose produced higher yield and encapsulation efficiency than that of 15, 20 and 30%
PENGARUH WAKTU DAN SUHU GLISEROLISIS TERHADAP SIFAT KIMIA MONO-DIASILGLISEROL PADA SKALA PILOT PLANT
No full textMono and Diacylglycerol (MDAG) is one of the food additives that can be used for stabilizing food emulsion system. MDAG is commercially manufactured through glycerolysis reaction at high temperatures and catalyzed by inorganic alkaline such as NaOH. This process results in an equilibrium mixture containing partial glycerol esters and excess of glycerol. The present study describes the effect of reaction temperature and time in a 50 kg-pilot plant production on the chemical properties of the resulting MDAG emulsifier. Fully hydrogenated palm stearin (FHPS) and NaOH were used as the substrate and catalyst, respectively. The production was conducted following a factorial experiment in a completely randomized design with two variable combinations, i.e. temperatures at 170, 180, and 185°C; and times of 120 and 180 min. Each experiment combination was conducted in two replications. The glycerolysis reaction at 180°C for 180 min produced the highest yield of MDAG, i.e. 87.2±1.41%, which comprised of 48.78±2.28% monoacylglycerol (MAG), 30.92±1.23% diacylglycerol (DAG), 4.79±0.61% triacylglycerol (TAG), 1.97±0.04% free fatty acid (FFA), and 2.35±0.05% free glycerol
SINTESIS NANOPARTIKEL EKSTRAK KULIT MANGGIS MERAH DAN KAJIAN SIFAT FUNGSIONAL PRODUK ENKAPSULASINYA
Get PDFUtilization of mangosteen fruit waste tends to be less practical, so nanoparticle based encapsulation is an effective approach. The objective if this research was to utilize the waste from the red mangosteen peel Garcinia forbesii (GF) and Garcinia mangostana (GM) to produce nanoparticle extract, its encapsulation products, and determine its functional properties. This research consists of three stages: extraction, synthesis of nanoparticle, and encapsulation. The parameters evaluated were the yield of extracts, antioxidant, total phenolic content (TPC), particle size, index of polydispersity, and surface morphology of the encapsulated product. Synthesis of nanoparticles was carried out by using ionic gelation method. The functional values was calculated based on 10% extracts in the nanoparticles solution. The results showed that extraction by reflux method gave better results than that with maceration. Formula of nanoparticles containing 0.2% of chitosan concentration and 0.1% STPP and products encapsulated with casein and maltodextrine gave the best result with increased functional values
ISOLASI DAN KARAKTERISASI Staphylococcus aureus DARI SUSU KAMBING DAN PRODUK OLAHANNYA
Get PDFPresence of Staphylococcus aureus in goat milk and dairy product could lead to human illness. The aim of the present study was to characterize S. aureus isolated from goat milk and its products. The samples used in these studies were taken from goat farm and a goat milk processing facility in Sleman district. Characterization of the S. aureus was based on biochemical reaction, namely haemolysin activity, clumping factor, coagulase activity, and resistance against antibiotics. The haemolysin activity was determined by culturing the isolates on blood agar plates, whereas clumping factor with slide agglutination test. Mixing the rabbit plasma and culture S. aureus was used to determine the coagulase activity, while antibiotics susceptibility was carried out with agar diffusion test. The resulst showed that the number of S. aureus detected in 86% of goat milk samples conformed with SNI No 01-6366-2000. The characteristics of S. aureus from goat milk samples showed that 80% of the S. aureus isolates were non haemolytic, 20% were positive for clumping factor, and 40% were positive for coagulase activity. The antibiotic resistance test for S. aureus isolated from the goat milk samples suggested that 30% was resistant to ampicillin and penicillin while 10% showed resistance to erythromycin, neomycin, sulfonamide, and tetracycline