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Clinical features and cause analysis of false positive results of Aspergillus galactomannan assay in pulmonary cryptococcosis patients
No full textAbstractThere have been conflicting reports of false positive galactomannan assay results in patients with systemic cryptococcosis. Wesought to determine the frequency of GM positivity in patients with pulmonary cryptococcosis and confirm the source of thiscross-reactivity in vitro. We conducted a retrospective study to elucidate the rate of galactomannan (GM) false positivity andcause in a cohort of 29 patients with pulmonary cryptococcal disease. The production ofGMcross-reacting substances by clinicalisolates and laboratory isolates of C. neoformans was tested in vitro. The mean serum GM index (Platelia Aspergillus) in patientswith pulmonary cryptococcosis was 1.06, with 16 (55.2%) of patients having values above the positive cutoff value of 0.5. GMindex values significantly decreased after treatment of cryptococcosis. There was no significant correlation betweengalactomannan and cryptococcal glucuronoxylomannan antigen (Eiken Latex test) results. Culture supernatants from clinicalisolates and wild-type C. neoformans did not react in the GM assay; however, growth in the presence of 6% sodium chlorideinduced the production of cross-reacting GM antigens in culture supernatants from clinical isolates, wild type and aglucuronoxylomannan-deficient mutant of C. neoformans, but not in culture supernatants from a galactoxylomannan-deficientstrain. Our results support the cross-reactivity of cryptococcal galactoxylomannan with the serum GM assay in vitro and inpatients with pulmonary cryptococcal infection.Keywords Galactomannan . Cryptococcosis . Cryptococcus neoformans . False positive . Aspergillus . Galactoxylomanna
Co-evolution of the Shrimp Hippolyte inermis and the Diatoms Cocconeis spp. in Posidonia oceanica: Sexual Adaptations Explained by Ecological Fitting
No full textMicroalgae influence the life of grazers in such stable ecosystems as Posidoniaoceanica meadows. Competition and co-existence require adaptations for bothorganisms: algae produce metabolites able to reduce the grazing activity, andinvertebrate react to the chemical weapons of algae, for feeding on their thalli.Several diatoms produce wound-activated compounds and some of them havebeen demonstrated to trigger apoptosis and teratogenic effects in planktoniccopepods. The case of Hippolyte inermis and its diatom food is different andpeculiar because the shrimp transformed the effects of apoptogenic compoundsproduced by Cocconeis into a spring signal to obtain a higher abundance offemales, so stabilizing its natural populations. As in crustacean decapods the sexis determined by the presence/absence of a single gland (the Androgenic Gland;A.G.), in H. inermis the apoptogenic effect of secondary metabolites is limited tothe destruction of the A.G. in spring, when various species of Cocconeis dominatethe epiphytic layer of Posidonia leaves. This relationship, evidently co-evolvedthrough a competitive relationship, allows the shrimp to produce a secondar
Fruit Scent: Biochemistry, Ecological Function, and Evolution
No full textFruit scent plays an important role in human preference and has thus been studiedprimarily in the context of agricultural science. In wild species, fruit scent haslong been speculated to play a role in mediating the mutualistic interactionbetween plants and fruit-eating animals that disperse their seeds. Yet untilrecently, empirical studies addressing this hypothesis have been all but absent.Studies in the past decade emphasized the ecological role of fruit scent as ananimal attractant, as well as its evolution as a ripeness signal. But data are stilllimited and many questions remain open. This chapter summarizes recent developmentsin the study of the chemical ecology and evolution of wild fruit scent.It explores the chemistry and biochemistry of fruit scent, its use by various important seed dispersal vectors, its evolution, and other functions it may fulfill.We end with recommendation for future studies, in the hope that the next decadewill be at least as fruitful as the previous one
Strategi pemerintah Kota Bandar Lampung dalam menangani Tunawisma Psikotik [Skripsi]
No full textBibliografi halaman 134-136xvii, 133 halaman : ilustrasi ; 28 cm
Indeks kecocokan dalam model persamaan struktural dengan menggunakan metode estimasi Unweighted Least Square (ULS) : (Studi kasus : Kualitas pelayanan Perpustakaan Universitas Lampung) [Skripsi]
No full textBibliografi halaman 59-61xvii, 58 halaman : ilustrasi ; 28 cm
Animasi Pengurusan Administrasi Mahasiswa Jurusan Ilmu Komputer Universitas Lampung ? Berbasis Multimedia [CD-Tugas Akhir ] / Agung Firman Caniago
No full textStudi jenis dan status konservasi burung-burung yang diperdagangkan di wilayah Metro dan Bandar Lampung [Skripsi]
No full textBibliografi halaman 112-121xix, 111 halaman : ilustrasi ; 28 cm
Penggunaan Model, Explicit Instruction Dalam Pembelajaran Tari Bedayo Tulang Bawang Pada Ekstrakurikuler Tari Di SMK PGRI 4 Bandar Lampung [CD-Skripsi] /Wayan Oktaliana
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