Jurnal Kedokteran Hewan - Indonesian Journal of Veterinary Sciences
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LASER ACUPUNCTURE AS A NON-INVASIVE STRATEGY TO OPTIMIZE RABBIT GROWTH: HISTOMORPHOMETRIC AND LEUCOCYTE ANALYSIS STUDY
Full text linkThis study evaluates the effects of laser acupuncture on jejunum morphometry and the differential leucocyte responses in rabbits. Twenty-four Hycole rabbits, aged four to twelve weeks with an average weight of 1046 g, were administered laser acupuncture once a week for six weeks. The rabbits were housed in individual cages and randomly divided into three groups. Group 1 (control) received inactive laser acupuncture for predetermined acupuncture points (Bladder 13, Bladder 15, and Bladder 21). Group 2 received active laser acupuncture at the exact points BL 13, BL 15, and BL 21, using a laser dose of 0.2 Joules. Group 3 received laser acupuncture near, but not precisely at, these exact points. Blood samples were collected at the end of the 12th week, and the jejunum was excised for histomorphometric analysis. The results indicated that rabbits in group 2 had significant increases (P0.05) in villus height (VH), and villus width (VW) compared to groups 1 and 3. The results of differential leucocytes measurements in groups 1, 2, and 3 were lymphocytes 64.2037%, 61.80.374%, 61.80.489% (normal: 30-85%); monocytes 130.447%, 12.20.374%, and 13.40.244% (normal: 4-13.4%), granulocytes 23.40.748%, 260.447%, and 24.80.374 (normal: 21-73%), respectively. These findings indicate that laser acupuncture targeted at BL13, BL15, and BL21 points promotes villi development and maintains differential leukocyte parameters within the normal range
-TOCOPHEROL IMPROVED THE QUALITY OF BEAGLE DOG BREED CHILLED SEMEN STORAGE AT 4 C IN TRIS-SKIM MILK EXTENDER
Full text linkImprovement of canine reproduction has been developed by artificial insemination (AI) for effective breeding. -tocopherol widely recognized as an antioxidant that has been used to improve the quality of the spermatozoa. This study evaluated the effect of -tocopherol supplementation in dog chilled semen quality. Beagle dog breed semen samples were obtained from male Beagles using massage technique. The semen was then diluted with tris-skim milk extender supplemented with -tocopherol of various concentration, 0% as control group (T-0), 0.1% (T-0.1), 0.2% (T-0.2), and 0.3% (T-0.3), then were stored at 4 C and evaluated daily for four days, particularly for variables namely sperm motility, sperm viability, and plasma membrane integrity. Results showed that the quality of spermatozoa was higher when spermatozoa preserved in extender containing of 0.1% or 0.2% -tocopherol compared to those of control and 0.3% -tocopherol group (P0.05). The highest quality found in group with 0.2% -tocopherol. In conclusion, supplementation -tocopherol 0.2% in dog chilled semen extender is effective for improving and maintaining chilled dog sperm quality for 4 days of storage
HISTOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF THE CEREBELLUM IN THE CLIMBING PERCH (Anabas testudineus)
Full text linkAnatomical variations in brain shape and size among fish can be influenced by both species and habitat. The cerebellum of the fish brain, plays an essential role in balance regulation and the coordination of motor activity. However, information regarding the fundamental structure of the cerebellum in the climbing perch (Anabas testudineus) is still limited compared with zebrafish (Danio rerio) as the animal model. This study aimed to investigate the histological features of the climbing perch cerebellum. Transverse and sagitttal sections of the cerebellum were fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin (NBF), processed into histological slides, and stained using cresyl violet. The parts of cerebellum and neurons morphology were observed using a light microscope equipped with Optilab then the resulting data were analyzed descriptively. The findings revealed that the cerebellum comprises three main parts: the corpus cerebelli, valvula cerebelli, and the vestibulolateral lobe, which includes the eminentia granularis and caudal lobe. The cerebellar cortex of the corpus and a valvula cerebelli consists of the molecular layer, ganglionic layer, and granular layer, while the vestibulolateral lobe is made up of a granular layer. Various neuronal types were identified, including rounded stellate cells, pear-shaped Purkinje cells, spindle-shaped eurydendroid cells, small rounded granular cells, and rounded or polygonal Golgi cells. In conclusion, while the cerebellar histology of Anabas testudineus is largely comparable to that of Danio rerio, its valvula cerebelli lacks the medial and lateral subdivisions found in the zebrafish
PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTOR OF HAEMONCHUS CONTORTUS IN LAKOR GOAT IN LAKOR DISTRICT SOUTHWEST MALUKU
Full text linkThe aimed of this research is to determine the prevalence of Haemonchus. contortus and the associated risk factors. In this study, 739 fecal samples from Lakor goats were randomly collected from five villages in Lakor District, Southwest Maluku. All samples were taken from goats showing clinical symptoms such as emaciation, diarrhea, dull fur, and inactive. Fecal samples were examined using the native method. Data presentation was analysed using the Chi-Square (X2) and Spearman's test statistical analysis methods. The prevalence of H. contortus in Lakor goats in the Lakor sub-District was 81.60% with the highest prevalence was found in Yamluli Village and Lolotuara Village. The correlation coefficient was 0.838** - 0.931** (P0.01). These data indicated that there is a close relationship between the incidence of H. contortus worm infection in lakor goats and the risk factors in the form of gender, age of the goat and body score condition (BCS) as indicated by the high correlation values
SEROLOGICAL DETECTION OF BOVINE LEPTOSPIROSIS IN SUKABUMI AND CIANJUR REGIONS
Full text linkThis study aims to detect leptospirosis serologically and serovars found in cattle in the Sukabumi and Cianjur areas. 165 cattle serum samples were taken randomly in the Sukabumi and Cianjur region. Microscopic Agglutination Tests (MAT) were used for serological testing using the antigens of Leptospira serovar Icterohaemorrhagiae, Javanica, Celledoni, Canicola, Ballum, Pyrogenes, Cynopteri, Rachmati, Australis, Pomona, Grippotyphosa, Hardjo, Bataviae, and Tarassovi. The MAT results showed that positive serum leptospirosis in cattle in Sukabumi region was 18.75%, with serovars Hardjo 16.25%, Tarassovi 1.25%, and Hardjo and Tarassovi (1.25%). Meanwhile, in Cianjur region, positive serum was 30.60% with serovar Hardjo 22.35%, Tarassovi 2.35%, Icterohaemorrhagiae 1.18%, Grippotyphosa 1.18%, Hardjo and Tarassovi 1.18%, Cynopteri and Hardjo (1.18%), Rachmati, Pomona, Bataviae and Tarassovi (1.18%). Leptospira serovar Hardjo was the dominant serovar in both regions. Overall, one serovar was detected in 22.42% of cattle, two serovars in 1.82% and four serovars in 0.61% cattle
INSTANT GRANULES OF Zingiber officinale AND Cajanus cajan LEAVES IMPROVED LIVER HISTOLOGICAL PROFILE IN DIABETIC MODEL RATS
Full text linkDiabetes mellitus can cause significant microstructural damage in liver tissue. This study evaluated the effectiveness of instant granules of Zingiber officinale and Cajanus cajan leaves on the liver histological profile in diabetic model rats. A total of 25 male Sprague Dawley rats were assigned into five groups. The group consist of negative control (NC), positive control (PC), metformin control group at a dose of 150 mg/kg BW (MET), and two treatment groups of instant granules of Z. officinale and C. cajan leaves at a dose of 300 mg/kg BW (T1) and 150 mg/kg BW (T2) for 28 days treatment. The diabetic condition was obtained by single induction of streptozotocin (35 mg/kg BW). The liver tissue was stained using hematoxylin-eosin staining to observe the cytoplasm intensity, central vein diameter, and nucleus intensity of liver cells in diabetic model rats. The results showed that administration of the instant granules significantly decrease liver microstructural damage (P0.01). The 150 mg/kg BW (T2) dose showed the most optimal effectiveness by successfully decreasing cytoplasmic intensity, reducing central vein dilation, and decreasing nuclear cell intensity. The research result indicate that instant granules have strong hepatoprotective properties that can repair liver microstructural damage caused by diabetes
SAPROFIT AND PATHOGENIC FUNGI ISOLATED FROM PET CLINICS AND STORES IN BOGOR CITY WEST JAVA
Full text linkThe research aimed to observe the occurrence of dermatophyte and other fungal species in grooming rooms and on groomers' clothing in several pet clinics and pet shops in Bogor City West Java. Ten veterinary clinics and five pet stores served as the study sites for this investigation. Five plates containing growth media were placed at five points in each room. Clothing swabs were collected from groomers immediately before they initiated their daily work activities. The result showed ten genus/species identified in grooming room and 16 genus/species isolated from the groomer clothes. Fusarium sp. was the predominant fungal isolate in grooming rooms (24.39%), followed by Candida albicans (9.76%). Notably, Fusarium sp. was also detected on groomers' clothing at a prevalence of 20.00%. Other pathogenic isolates included Aspergillus flavus and A. fumigatus. Despite the routine use of quaternary ammonium compounds, glutaraldehyde, anionic surfactants, and the ectoparasiticide amitraz in facility hygiene protocols, these disinfectant regimens insufficient in controlling fungal contamination. These findings highlight potential gaps in current disinfection practices within pet care facilities
THE POTENCY OF MEALWORM LARVAE (Tenebrio molitor) AS BROILER FEED BASED ON PERFORMANCE, LIPID AND BLOOD CHARACTERISTICS MEASUREMENTS: A META-ANALYSIS
Full text linkThis study was proposed to provide general conclusions regarding the potential of feeding the meal worm (Tenebrio molitor) to broiler productivity and healthy using the meta-analysis method. The research was initiated with a search for articles through the Google Scholar and Scopus databases and 1923 articles were obtained using the keywords Tenebrio molitor, mealworm, broiler chicken, performance, feed conversion ratio, broilers, caterpillars, carcasses, body weight, feed, Hongkong caterpillars connected with Boolean operators AND and OR. Furthermore, article selection was carried out based on the PRISMA flow chart using Microsoft Excel and Mendeley. The results of data extraction from 25 articles included in the meta-analysis were then processed in the form of a database in Microsoft Excel, converted to the same unit and then analyzed with mixed model procedures using Statistical Analysis System (SAS) software. The parameters measured were body weight (BW), body weight gain (BWG), average daily growth (ADG), feed consumption (FI), average daily feed intake (ADFI), feed conversion ratio (FCR), carcass weight (CW), carcass yield (CY), abdominal fat, total protein, cholesterol, glucose, uric acid, hemoglobin, erythrocytes, leukocytes, albumin, and globulin. Data from each article were tabulated in Microsoft Excel software. The results showed that the use of Tenebrio molitor as animal feed showed a quadratically significant effect in reducing BWG (62,13 g), FI (112,42 g), CY (70,47%), albumin (20,71), and UA (5,44) (P0,05). However, there was no significant effect (P0,05) on BW, ADG, ADFI, FCR, CW, abdominal fat, total protein, cholesterol, glucose, hemoglobin, erythrocytes, leukocytes, and globulin by utilizing Tenebrio molitor as broiler feed. It can be concluded that the provision of Tenebrio molitor has the potential as broiler feed. The optimal use of Tenebrio molitor in broiler chickens is 17,04%. The feeding dose must be considered because Tenebrio molitor contains antinutrients in the form of chitin and tannin to avoid negative effect on the performance and health of broiler chickens
MOLECULAR MORPHOLOGY OF SNAKE VENOM PROTEIN Trimeresurus insularis AFTER FREEZE DRYING DETECTED BY SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPE
Full text linkThe high protein content in snake venom make venom samples prone damaged. Freeze drying is a solution to stabilize the protein in snake venom and the addition of excipients such as sugar and surfactant, can prevent negative impacts during freeze drying process. The purpose of this study was to examine the morphology of Trimeresurus insularis (T. insularis) snake venom protein molecules after freeze-drying with the addition of sucrose, Tween 80, and PBS (pH 7.2). In this study, venom from nine T. insularis snakes was used. Before freeze drying, the treated samples were supplemented with sucrose, Tween 80, and PBS (pH 7.2), while, the control sample was only supplemented with PBS (pH 7.2). After freeze drying, the morphology of both samples was observed using a scanning electron microscope at magnification of 100x and 3000x. The result showed that the control sample was damaged and resembled broken glass, whereas the treatment sample, although it also appeared as shattered glass, was more intact and exhibited finer and smaller flakes
TREMATODE INFECTION IN GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT OF DUCK FROM CHICKEN SLAUGHTERHOUSES IN BOGOR, WEST JAVA
Full text linkThis study aims to identify and calculate the percentage of trematode infection in the gastrointestinal tract of ducks from chicken slaughterhouses in Bogor, West Java. This research used 10 ducks gastrointestinal tract, of which five came from chicken slaughterhouse in Bojong Gede and the rest came from a chicken slaughter house in Cibinong Market. The gastrointestinal tract was divided into four parts: the upper, middle and lower part of the intestine and cecum. Each feces sample was examined by making slides using native and floatation methods to identify the egg of endoparasite. Adult trematodes found in the sample were stained for genus identification. This study showed that 4 out of 10 ducks were positive for endoparasite infection. Trematodes found in this study were Echinostoma spp. (20%) along the small intestine, large intestine, and cecum. Echinostoma spp. egg was also found in this study another trematode genus found was Hypoderaeum spp. (10%) in the large intestine and cloaca