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Die Amplitudenmodulation musikalischer Signale als musikalisches Ausdrucksmittel und ihr Zusammenhang mit psychophysiologischem Arousal
No full textGegenstand des Forschungsprojektes bilden amplitudenmodulierte musikalische Signale in der Funktion von musikalischen Ausdrucksmitteln. Im Rahmen einer experimentellen Studie werden Vorkommen und Ausprägung musikalischer Amplitudenmodulationsvorgänge im Zusammenhang mit dem Arousal der Versuchspersonen untersucht, einem Zustand erhöhter psychophysiologischer Aktivierung, der auf eine Erhöhung der Leistungs- und Reaktionsbereitschaft des Organismus abzielt. Als Stimulusmaterial dienen vokale und synthetische musikalische Phrasen, denen Amplitudenmodulationen in verschiedenen Ausprägungsstufen aufgeprägt sind. Neben peripher-physiologischen und subjektiven Arousal-Indikatoren werden über Selbstberichte weitere Dimensionen des emotionalen Zustands des Rezipienten registriert. Amplitudenmodulierte vokale Signale bewirken im Vergleich zu unmodulierten, ansonsten aber weitestgehend identischen Signalen einen Anstieg der aus elektrodermaler Aktivität abgeleiteten Arousal-Indikatoren. Amplitudenmodulierte vokale und synthetische Signale gehen mit einer höheren subjektiven Arousal- sowie
einer geringeren Valenzbewertung einher. Sie stellen sich als erregende, aversive Reize dar, die eine Erhöhung der Aktivität des sympathischen Nervensystems nach sich ziehen. Diese Befunde werden vor dem Hintergrund einer „Warn- und Aversionssignaltheorie“ der Amplitudenmodulation interpretiert, der zufolge es sich bei amplitudenmodulierten akustischen Signalen um entwicklungsgeschichtlich alte Expressivmittel menschlicher und tierischer Kommunikationssysteme handelt, die in Gefahrensituationen und im Kontext agonistischen Verhaltens Einsatz finden. Das Projekt leistet einen Beitrag zur musikpsychologischen Arousal-Forschung, indem es eine bislang vorrangig in der akustischen Ethologie, der Kommunikationswissenschaft und der experimentellen Neurophysiologie untersuchte Eigenschaft kommunikativ genutzter akustischer Signale im Zusammenhang mit dem Komplex Arousal innerhalb musikalischer Kommunikationssituationen betrachtet.The research project looks into amplitude-modulated musical signals acting in the function of musical means of expression. Within the framework of an experimental study, occurrence and intensity of musical amplitude modulation processes are examined in connection with the recipient’s arousal, a state of increased psychophysiological activation aimed at enhancing the organism’s performance and responsiveness. Vocal and synthetic musical signals are used as stimulus material, to which amplitude modulations of various degrees are applied. In addition to peripheral physiological measures and subjective arousal indicators, further dimensions of the recipient’s emotional state are recorded through self-reports. Compared to unmodulated but otherwise largely identical signals, amplitude modulated vocal signals result in an increase in arousal indicators derived from electrodermal activity. Amplitude-modulated vocal and synthetic signals come along with higher subjective arousal ratings and lower valence ratings. They are perceived as arousing and aversive stimuli entailing a heightened activity of the sympathetic nervous system. These findings are interpreted in view of a ‘warning and aversion signal theory’ of amplitude modulation, according to which amplitude-modulated acoustic signals are phylogenetically ancient means of expression in human and animal communication systems, mobilised in dangerous situations and in the context of agonistic behaviours. Amplitude modulation as a property of communicatively used acoustic signals has so far been primarily investigated in acoustic ethology, communication science and experimental neurophysiology. This project contributes to music psychological arousal research by examining it in connection with psychophysiological arousal within musical communication situations
Judicial Resistance in the EU As Civil Disobedience and Conscientious Objection
No full textThe publication of this work was supported by the Open Access Publication Fund of Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin.National constitutional identity articulates constitutional conflicts between national and supranational legal orders in the form of judicial resistance against the primacy of EU law. The book critically engages with national constitutional identity on the level of constitutional theory and through a detailed analysis of its practical use, as interpreted by the CJEU and apex courts across the Member States. Moreover, the book introduces a novel framework of ‘identity clusters’, which evaluates identity claims due to their justificatory reasons or rationales. Finally, the book draws a structural comparison between national constitutional identity claims and the concepts of civil disobedience and conscientious objection. Identity claims, like civil disobedience, highlight deficiencies in the legal system and resist the EU law until these deficiencies are not addressed. In connection with conscientious objection, identity claims underscore individual circumstances that cannot be reconciled within the broader legal framework
Satzung der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin über Ordnungsmaßnahmen gemäß § 16 Berliner Hochschulgesetz vom 10.07.2024 (GVBl. S. 461)
No full textDoes Intergroup Contact Affect Political Attitudes and Behaviours?—A Longitudinal Test of Tertiary Transfer Effects Using the Chilean Longitudinal Social Survey (ELSOC)
No full textIntergroup contact has been known to not only affect attitudes towards contacted and non‐contacted outgroups, but also to affect people's open and liberal thinking, which in turn affects a variety of human experiences, cognitions and behaviours outside the intergroup dimension (called tertiary transfer effect, TTE). This manuscript explores one suggested TTE of intergroup contact affecting political attitudes and behaviours mediated via intergroup ideologies in a multiverse approach combining several intergroup contact, intergroup ideologies and political attitudes and behaviours indicators. We used three waves of the Chilean Longitudinal Social Survey (ELSOC, N = 2863). Using random‐intercept cross‐lagged panel models, we found numerous stable between‐person associations between intergroup contact, intergroup ideologies and political attitudes and behaviours, but we did not find consistent longitudinal evidence supporting the investigated TTE on a within‐person level. However, we did find isolated longitudinal effects of negative intergroup contact frequency predicting preference for social equality and outgroup liking on a within‐person level, which we advise to interpret with caution (due to, e.g., overall very low frequency of contact in the analysed dataset). We contextualise our findings in the existing literature and provide suggestions for future research to investigate the causal processes proposed to underlie TTEs. Please refer to the Supporting Information section to find this article's community and social impact statement.Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo 10.13039/501100020884Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft 10.13039/501100001659Centro de Estudios de Conflicto y Cohesión Social 10.13039/501100023445Peer Reviewe
The Handprint Initiative: Developing a pedagogical approach to foster pro-environmental attitudes and actions
No full textDie Handprint-Initiative ist ein handlungsorientierter Bildungsansatz, der auf der Entwicklung von Schlüsselkompetenzen für Nachhaltigkeit basiert. Ziel ist es, SchülerInnen und LehrerInnen der Sekundar- und Oberstufe zu befähigen, Veränderungen für unsere gemeinsame Zukunft zu bewirken, indem sie sich aktiv an den Entscheidungsprozessen unserer Gesellschaft beteiligen. Die Studie möchte einen Beitrag zur Überwindung der Einschränkungen (z. B. Untergangsstimmung „doom and gloom“, Apathie „apathy“), die andere Ansätze der Umwelterziehung mit sich bringen, leisten. In drei wissenschaftlichen Artikeln werden die Ergebnisse quantitativer Studien über die Einstellung von Lernenden in Mexiko gegenüber der Umwelt vorgestellt. Der erste Artikel zielte darauf ab, die statistische Grundlage für die Messung der Einstellung zur Umwelt zu schaffen. Mit Hilfe eines 19-teiligen Instruments wurden fünf Einstellungen (Ökozentrismus, Öko-Apathie, Naturalismus, Pessimismus und Szientismus) identifiziert. Als Ergebnis der Analyse des Instruments wurden mehrere Items modifiziert. Die zweite Veröffentlichung befasste sich mit einem groß angelegten Test des Handprint-Instruments, in den die angepassten Items (Artikel 1) integriert wurden, um die Einstellungen gegenüber der Umwelt bei Oberschülern in Mexiko-Stadt zu ermitteln. Bei Schülern wurden die Einstellungen Öko-Apathie, Öko-Indifferenz, Techno-Hoffnung, Umweltsensibilität und Ökozentrismus, identifiziert. In der dritten Veröffentlichung wurden die Daten von 11 Gymnasien in Mexiko-Stadt analysiert. Mithilfe einer mehrstufigen Regressionsanalyse konnte die Beziehung zwischen den soziodemografischen Variablen der Schüler und ihren Einstellungen sowie der Einfluss des Kontexts (Schule) auf ihre Einstellung zur Umwelt ermittelt werden. Die Ergebnisse zeigten außerdem eine Korrelation zwischen dem Geschlecht und den Umwelteinstellungen.The Handprint Initiative is an action-oriented educational approach based on the development of the key competences for sustainability, aiming to empower students and teachers to become changemakers for our common future, by actively participating in the decision-making processes of our society. The purpose of this study is to contribute to overcoming the limitations (for example, doom and gloom, apathy) of other approaches of education towards the environment. By identifying and analysing the current learners’ attitudes towards the environment. Three scientific articles present the findings about attitudes towards the environment in learners in Mexico from quantitative studies. The first article aimed to generate the statistical basis to measure the attitudes towards the environment. By means of a 19-item instrument five attitudes (ecocentrism, eco-apathy, naturalism, pessimism, and scientism) were identified. As a result of the analysis of the instrument several items were modified. The second publication focuses on a large-scale testing of The Handprint Instrument, which integrated the adapted items (Article 1) to identify the attitudes towards the environment in high school students in Mexico City. The Eco-apathy, Eco-Indifference, Techno-hope, Environmental Sensitivity and Ecocentric attitudes, were identified. Finally, the third publication analysed the data obtained from 11 high schools in Mexico City. Through a Multilevel Regression Analysis, it was possible to identify the relationship between leaners’ sociodemographic variables and their attitudes as well as the influence their context (school) plays in their attitudes towards the environment. The results showed a correlation between gender and the environmental attitudes. Overall, this study has highlighted the identification of several attitudes towards the environment and the impact that gender and the school have on them. Furthermore, it emphasizes the need and opportunity to transform the way we learn and teach to cope with the current global challenges
Massnahmen zur Qualitätssicherung von Forschungsdaten in institutionellen Repositorien
No full textDiese Veröffentlichung geht zurück auf eine Masterarbeit im Studiengang Digitales Datenmanagement, M. A. an der Fachhochschule Potsdam und der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin aus dem Jahr 2025.Quality assurance of research data is an essential component of research data management. The increasing role of open research data adds additional significance to this aspect, as quality assurance measures in the publication of freely accessible research data enhance their traceability and reusability for data reusers. In this context, repositories play a central role as infrastructures for the publication of scientific results, including research data. The quality assurance of research data in repositories varies depending on the interpretation of the term and its relevance to the respective repository. Institutional repositories face specific challenges, such as a broad disciplinary spectrum and heterogeneous requirements. This master's thesis examines specific characteristics and challenges of quality assurance in institutional repositories. For this purpose, a secondary analysis of an international survey directed at repositories was conducted. Additionally, experts from the D-A-CH region, the rest of Europe, and the USA were interviewed using guided interviews. The analysis of the results suggests that a variety of quality assurance measures are implemented in institutional repositories, particularly in the areas of quality development and quality control. The challenges mainly manifest in administrative, technical, ethical, and legal issues, as well as in the involvement of users. The results of this work contribute to the systematization of quality assurance in institutional repositories and provide practical insights for their further development
Who can work when, and why do we have to care? Education, care demands, and the gendered division of work schedules in France and Germany
No full textObjective: This article investigates how education and the presence and age of children shape gendered work schedule arrangements among couples in France and Germany. Background: Despite the prevalence of nonstandard work schedules, schools and daycare facilities typically operate during standard work hours. Nevertheless, little is known on the gendered division of work schedules. Both France and Germany have shifted toward labor market deregulation, favoring the concentration of nonstandard schedules in lower‐class jobs. However, France provides full‐day public education and care. In Germany, public childcare is less comprehensive, and daycare and school hours are considerably shorter. Method: The study uses sequence and cluster analysis on time‐use data ( N = 11,268 days) to identify typical work schedules. Multinomial logistic regressions assess how education and the presence and age of children are associated with men's and women's types of days. Results: In both countries, less‐educated men were more likely to work shifts, whereas less‐educated women were more likely to not be employed. However, standard work schedules prevailed among better‐educated French men and women, whereas partial workdays and non‐workdays predominated among German women. Conclusion: In both labor market contexts, less‐educated partnered women rather than men seem to opt out of employment due to scheduling conflicts between work and care. However, more work‐facilitating family policies allow for more gender‐equal schedules among better‐educated men and women in France.Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft 10.13039/501100001659Peer Reviewe
Fachspezifische Studien- und Prüfungsordnung für das lehramtsbezogene Masterstudium im Fach Physik (für das Lehramt an Integrierten Sekundarschulen und Gymnasien)
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