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Contribution of Corporate Social Responsibility to Community Development. A Case of BUWASA in Kagera Region.
No full textThis study intended to determine the contributions of corporate social responsibility (CSR) to community development. The study mainly focused on four variables of CSR including legislation, ethical consideration, economic responsibilities and philanthropic initiatives to see their influence on community development. This study used quantitative approach and descriptive survey design to achieve the study objectives. Bukoba Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Authority (BUWASA) at Bukoba Municipal was the study area and the employees stationed at the office were the study population. The study collected data from 86 respondents who were obtained through the formula by Slovin, (2007). The study used simple random sampling in sample selection. Closed ended questionnaires were used in data collection and the technique used in data analysis was descriptive statistics and inferential analysis, while the software used to run these analysis techniques was Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS Version 21.0). The findings of this study indicated that legislation, ethical consideration, economic responsibilities and philanthropic initiatives have positive and significant influence on community development. This study concludes that community development at the municipal is significantly influenced by BUWASA CSR practices including legislation, ethical consideration, economic responsibilities and philanthropic initiatives. This study recommends that organizations should emphasize on adherence to legislation and ethics, economic responsibilities and philanthropic initiatives in order to improve community development.
Keywords: Corporate social responsibility, legislation, ethical consideration, economic responsibility, philanthropic initiatives and community developmen
The Influence of Participatory Project Practices on the Performance of RUWASA Water Projects in USHETU District.
No full textThe study examined the influence of participatory project practices on the performance of rural water projects implemented by RUWASA in Ushetu District. Specifically, it focused on the effects of participatory project planning, implementation, monitoring, and communication on project performance. The research utilized a causal research design and a Likert-rated questionnaire to gather quantitative primary data from 171 respondents, including 143 water users and 28 RUWASA staff. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze data. The findings reveal that participatory project planning and implementation have a significant positive impact on the performance of RUWASA projects. Additionally, the findings reveal that participatory project monitoring has a significant positive effect on project performance. Similarly, participatory project communication has a significant positive influence on project performance. Based on the study findings, the study concludes that community participation in project planning, implementation, monitoring, and project communication would improve the performance of RUWASA projects in terms of cost-effective and sustainable clean water supply. The study recommends that community members must participate in all processes of project planning, implementation, and monitoring. Also, the study recommends that participatory communication be prioritized because it facilitates the sharing of knowledge and information between project implementers and community members, which promotes a more informed decision-making process.
Keywords: Participatory Project Planning and Implementation, Participatory Project Monitoring, Participatory Project Communicatio
Contribution of Women Development Fund in Generating Women Entrepreneurs in Tanzania.
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to assess contributions of women development fund in generating women entrepreneurs in Chalinze district, where a cross-sectional study design was adopted; both qualitative and quantitative approaches used. A sample size of 370 research subjects were involved. The study used simple random and purposive sampling techniques. Data collected using questionnaires and interviews. Also, data analyzed by using SPSS and content analysis. Theoretical outlooks drawn from the Financial Capital Theory and the Permanent Income Hypothesis (PIH) Theory. The findings shows that Products offered by WDF to Women Entrepreneurs’ Groups are; provision of loans; provision of entrepreneurial education (entrepreneurial skills); and formation of WDF women entrepreneurs’ groups. Furthermore, the findings revealed that achievements of WDF women entrepreneurs groups are; the reduction of dependence ratio among women, an assurance of daily food, women effectively involved in family matters; acquired assets; change of income level; access to healthcare; and access to education. Also, findings revealed that Women Attitudes towards WDF Products on Their Entrepreneurial Activities as follows; women acknowledged that due to WDF loan, their businesses have grown and have improved in a number of ways; namely; women have purchased land and constructed their houses and thus moved out of rental housing. Thus, findings revealed that WDF has positive contribution to increase number of women to engage in entrepreneurship activities. Hence government is recommended to increase fund and support to WDF so that to encourage other women to business.
Keywords; Credit, Women, Women Development Fund, Entrepreneur, Entrepreneurship
Assessing the Impacts of Infrastructure and Management on Water Projects Sustainability in Morogoro Municipal, Tanzania.
Get PDFCommunity participation highly impacts water management and infrastructures thus crucial for the development and sustainability of any project. However, little attention has been given on the impact of infrastructure and management in water projects sustainability. The study was conducted in Kilakala and Kihonda wards in Morogoro Municipal, where purposive and simple random sampling techniques for sampling 100 household heads were used. Descriptive statistical analysis, content analysis, binary logistic regression analysis was used as methods of analysis from data collected through interviews and questionnaire methods of data collection. Community participation scored a grand mean score of 1.93. Also, water infrastructure adequacy of water infrastructure had a grand mean of 2.8. Further, there was moderate effectiveness of water project management with the mean value (2.74). Moreover, income, age, and sex were statistically significant affecting community participation in water development projects. Moreover, poor water infrastructure was the main challenge facing water projects sustainability. Conclusively, there was limited community participation in water development projects
Assessment of the Effectiveness of Electronic Fiscal Devices on Enhancing Tax Compliance in Zanzibar: The Case of Zanzibar Revenue Authority.
Get PDFThe study sought to assess the effectiveness of fiscal electronic devices on enhancing tax compliance in Tanzania: the case of U99WSZanzibar revenue authority. The study was guided by three objectives; to determine the effectiveness of EFDs transparency system on tax payers’ compliance, to assess the effectiveness of EFDs automation system on tax payers’ compliance and to examine the effectives of EFDs record keeping system on tax payers’ compliance. V The study found that all independent variables; EFDs transparency, EFDs automation and EFDs record keeping were positive and significant related to tax compliance. Based on the findings, this study recommends that ZRA should implement robust monitoring systems to ensure compliance and provide feedback to taxpayers, fostering a transparent and collaborative relationship. secondly, regular technical support should be made available to address any issues promptly and minimize disruptions in tax reporting. Lastly, Regular technical support should be made available to address any issues promptly and minimize disruptions in tax reporting.
Keywords: Electronic Fiscal Devices, EFDs Transparency System, EFDs Automation System, EFDs record keeping system, Tax Complianc
An Exploration of WhatsApp Usage in Promoting Islam in Tanzania: A Case of Masjid Samanga and Hidaya.
Get PDFWhatsApp is one of the most important tool to establish new social communication by contemporary information communication technology in any society. The application offers an opportunity for religious institutions to spread their faith. Therefore, this study explored WhatsApp usage in promoting Islam in Tanzania. The three objectives were: to analyse the contents of Masjid Samanga and Hidaya WhatsApp Groups in promoting Islam practices in Marangu Division; to investigate the perception of the members of Masjid Samanga and Hidaya on the role of WhatsApp Groups in promoting Islam in Marangu Division; and to find out the impact of the Masjid Samanga and Hidaya WhatsApp groups in promoting Islam in Marangu Division. Media Richness Theory and Agenda Setting Theory were applied to show how mosques used them to promote Islam. The study adopted a qualitative approach, case study research design, purposive and quota sampling, as well as content and narrative data analysis. The study employed three techniques of data collection namely, focus group discussion, interviews, and document review. The sample size of this study were 48 WhatsApp users in selected mosques, 2 Sheikhs, and 312 posts in two WhatsApp groups of selected mosques. The results presented by using narrations. There are three key findings of the present research. First, the messages sent frequently in the Mosques’ WhatsApp groups focus on five pillars of Islam, six pillars of faith, Islamic morality, and participation in mosques’ activities. The contents varied from video clips, infographics, texts and audio messages. Second, Sheikhs, members of mosques’ WhatsApp groups, have positive perception on the role of WhatsApp Groups in promoting Islam in Marangu Division. Third, the WhatsApp groups have impacted Muslims in the way they practice pillars of Islam correctly, understand and avoid things that can destroy their beliefs, to make Muslims live according to Islamic values, and increase participation in religious and social activities carried out by mosques. The study concluded that WhatsApp plays a vital role in promoting Islam in Tanzania and it recommended that members of the mosques should ensure that they continue to translate the teachings they receive from the groups into practices so as the intended result can be observed through their lives.
Keywords: WhatsApp, Islam, Masji
Factors Affecting Local Government Employees Job Performance in Handeni Town Council Tanzania.
Get PDFThis study aimed to study the factors affecting employees` job performance in Handeni Town Council in Tanga region. Following the existence of various challenges including stuck and failure of some development projects and land problems. The study specifically embarked to determine of whether working condition, employees` working commitments and employees trainings programs affect local government employee’s job performance in the district, achieve that, the study applied the quantitative approach under descriptive research design to compute the findings. Again, the researcher cross tabled the findings to attain the most precisely described data based on the categories of respondents subjected to the study. From the three study variables, the study unveiled that pertaining to working condition, majority of employees have no offices and working facilities, transport facilities is a big challenge when comes on the issue of monitoring the ongoing activities. On case of employees` commitment; the study identified that a big challenge that hamper employees` job performance is the presence of inadequate human resource (street executive officers and ward executive officers). Hence, the study concluded that employees` job performance is inseparable from conducive working conditions. Now the government should continue to improve the identified setbacks. Specifically, the study recommended for provision or improvement of transport facilities. Provision of good offices and office facilities, increase motivation incentive to employee and increase the number of local government employees.
Keywords: Job performance, Employees commitment, Work environment, Employee’s trainin
Improved Income of Tupendane Women Group Through Food Spices Production and Packaging in Kigogo Ward, Kinondoni District.
Get PDFThis project report is the result of a project to increase women’s income through food spices processing in Kigogo Ward, Kinondoni District Council. Prior to the intervention, a thorough Community Needs Assessment (CNA) which was conducted to determine the community’s needs and project relevant to women group. The case study was used as blueprint for the project implementation. Purposive and simple random samplings were used in selecting respondents such as women group and extension officers. CNA revealed that the needs confronting the majority of women in Kigogo Ward involved in food spices processing were capital, training, packaging and processing technology, office and market network for selling food spices products.To prepare an office for food spice processing and packaging by 5 women through renting by July, 2024, train five members of TUPENDANE women group on food spice processing and packaging through workshop by August, 2024 and 100 packages of containers prepared for packing food spices through purchasing from manufacturer by September, 2024 and link the group with buyers and raise 4,000,000 Tsh by October, 2024. Since a number of women were encouraged to develop other projects in the Kigogoarea, the project was implemented and lessons to all community members were provided. The obstacles to project implementation insufficient capital, bureaucracy from government agencies, particularly when seeking a letter of approval, negative views from community members and poverty for community members
Effect of Motivation Techniques on Public Employee Performance: A Case of Fire and Rescue Force in Dar es salaam.
Get PDFThis study investigated effect of motivation techniques on employee performance within the Fire and Rescue Force in in Dar es salaam Tanzania. The purposes were to evaluate the impact of reward, training & development, and overtime pay on performance. The study used Expectancy Theory; quantitative research methodology adopted with positivism philosophy the data collected from 264 employees randomly selected by using convenience sampling from 840 employees in Dar es Salaam Region. Also, the results show that reward systems, training and development and overtime payments enhance the level of performance of employees. More particularly, author established that intrinsic and extrinsic rewards boost up motivational pull and performance, training and development had positive effect on job competency and acumen, and payments for overtime work reflected motivation pull and satisfaction level. The study concludes that the proper implementation of these motivation techniques can lead to improved employee productivity in the Fire and Rescue Force. Based on these findings, the study recommends that the FRF of Tanzania should develop sound reward structures, provide ongoing professional training, and address overtime payments in ways that promote higher performance levels. These measures are essential for maintaining high professional standards and ensuring effective organizational functioning within the Fire and Rescue Force.
Keywords: Reward, Training and Development, Overtime Payment, Employee Performance
Stock Price Response to Earning Announcements: Evidence from the Tanzanian Stock Market.
Get PDFThe purpose of this study was to examine the extent to which stock prices respond to public earnings information by companies listed on the Dar es Salaam Stock Exchange, Tanzania. Specifically, the study assessed the abnormal returns around companies’ public earnings announcements the purpose of which was to determine whether the stock market was efficient in the semi-strong for. Moreover, the study determined whether such abnormal returns can be explained by firm characteristics (firm age, size and industry) and earning characteristics (positive change in earnings). Guided by the positivism philosophy with a deductive research approach, the study employed a quantitative method with an explanatory research design. Data were collected from the Dar es Salam Stock Exchange. A total of 167 events were obtained, 88 of which had sufficient trading data for the analysis. An event study methodology was applied to estimate the abnormal returns around the event days using the DSE-All Share Index and Tanzania All Share Index prices as measures of expected returns. A standard linear multiple regression analysis technique was used along with a stepwise multiple regression analysis technique to test for the effect of the four explanatory variables. Wild bootstrapping with a thousand samples was also used for robustness analysis to control for sample size but also the non-normality and heteroscedasticity problems in the regression residuals. The results show that significant abnormal return exists on post-event days. The firm’s age and the financial sector significantly negatively explained the variance in the cumulative average abnormal return over the 5-day and 11-day event windows. Firm size significantly and negatively explained the variance in the cumulative average abnormal returns over the 21-day window. These results are consistent irrespective of whether DSEI- or TSI-based price data are used. It can be concluded that DSE is inefficient in the semi-strong form and that the size of this inefficiency is mainly explained by the firm’s age and firm’s operating sector in the shorter event windows (5- and 11-day) and firm size in the longer window (21-day). It is therefore recommended that regulators and policymakers in frontier markets take necessary reforms to improve information flows, institutional frameworks, and market transparency to improve their efficiency.
Keywords: Frontier markets, Annual Earnings announcement, stock price reaction, Abnormal returns, semi-strong market efficiency, Event study, Tanzanian Mmarket