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Influence of Social Technical System on the Performance of Water Projects in Tanzania: A Case of Shinyanga Water Supply and Sanitation Authority.
No full textThe main purpose of this study was to examine the influence of social technical systems on improving the water project in Shinyanga municipality, Tanzania. Specifically, the study aims to examine the influence of social systems on the performance of water projects, to examine the influence of technical systems on the performance of water projects, to examine the mediating effect of system fit on the relationship between social systems and the performance of water projects, and to examine the mediating effect of system fit on the relationship between technical systems and the performance of water projects in Shinyanga Municipality. The study used a causal research design and a quantitative research approach to gather information from respondents. The population for this study consisted of 78 SHUWASA, of which all of them were included in the study through the census method. Data collection was done using a closed-ended questionnaire consisting of a 5-point Likert scale. Demographic data were analyzed through descriptive statistics, whereas a multiple regression model was used to analyze 5-point Likert scale data that examines the influence of social technical systems on improving the water project in Shinyanga municipality. The study findings found that the social system and technical system have a significant impact on the performance of water projects in Shinyanga Municipality. Also, the study found a mediating effect of system fit on the relationship between the social system and technical system toward the performance of the water project in Shinyanga Municipality. The study concluded that enhancing the alignment between social and technical systems may improve the performance of the water project in Shinyanga Municipality.
Keywords: Social System, Technical System, System Fit, Performance of water projec
The Contribution of Human Capital Development on Local Government Authorities Performance in Tanzania: A Case of Tanga City Council, Tanzania.
No full textThis study was carried out to assess the contribution of human capital development on local government authorities’ performance in Tanzania at Tanga City Council. The study was guided by human capital theory while conceptual framework was developed to establish the relationship between independent variables and dependent variable. The study used positivism philosophy while quantitative research approach was deployed accompanied with explanatory research design. Simple random sampling procedure was used to select 109 members of sample size while data were gathered through questionnaire and analysed using descriptive and multiple linear regression analysis. The study found that employees generally felt positively about the availability of talent development opportunities while most employees do have clarity regarding organizational goals, most of the staff feel training programs are beneficial in developing essential soft skills and some employees feel less satisfied than others regarding these skill development opportunities. The study concluded that all three independent variables namely talent development, training and development as well as career development show highly significant p-values (less than 0.05), with career development being particularly noteworthy at p < 0.0001(5.718). This indicates strong evidence against the null hypothesis for each factor, suggesting that they significantly contribute to enhancing organizational performance. The study recommends that the organisation should continue enhancing employee skills since talent development programs identify and nurture employees with unique skills that align with organizational goals while the management should continue developing a comprehensive training needs assessment.
Keywords: Human Capitsl Development, Talent Development, Training and development, LGAperformance
Establishment of Broiler Poultry Project for Livelihood Improvement of Umoja Youth Group Members in Kinyerezi Ward, Ilala District, Dar es salaam.
Get PDFThis dissertation report presents findings from a Participatory CNA which was conducted in Kinyerezi Ward, Ilala Municipality, aimed at identifying the needs of Umoja youth group for who were involved in broiler poultry project. The primary objective of the project is to enhance the economic livelihoods of youth by generating income through poultry farming. A descriptive research design was utilized, incorporating both quantitative and qualitative methods. The researcher employed random sampling and purposive sampling techniques to select respondents, collecting data from a sample of 30 individuals through various primary and secondary data collection tools. Data was gathered through interview questionnaires, key informant interviews, and focus group discussions. The needs were training, an office space, a facility for poultry rearing, funding, and access to reliable markets. The project involved 10 youths selected from the Community Needs Assessment (CNA). After implementing project all needs facing by youths were achieved through conducting training on poultry keeping, renting an office, renovation of old building, mobilization of capital and searching for reliable markets for poultry products. After projects implementation monitoring and evaluation were done in order to measure sustainability of project. In conclusion, the study successfully implemented a structured approach that addressed community needs and laid a foundation for sustainable poultry farming, with a focus on capacity building and participatory evaluation. It is recommended that future projects prioritize active community engagement, comprehensive planning, and targeted capacity-building initiatives to ensure long-term success and sustainability
Examining the Influence of Community Participation on Water Projects’ Sustainability in Tanzania: A Case of Ngara District.
Get PDFThis study examined the influence of community participation on water projects’ sustainability with empirical evidence from Ngara district. Positivism philosophy with an explanatory research design and quantitative approach were used. Simple random sampling was used to draw a sample of 300 respondents. Closed–ended questionnaire was used to collect data. Quantitative data were analyzed descriptively through Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS Version 20). Moreover, linear regression analysis was carried out to test the relationship of variables. The findings revealed as positive significance relationship of variables at p value of p = 00 that community awareness influenced the sustainability of water projects in Ngara district from the fact that, water supply projects became sustainable when the community was well involved. Similarly, the influence of community in paying for the services rendered resulted into water users contributing their fees regularly that enabled a high flow of water to users. Moreover, the influence of community cost recovery mechanisms on water project sustainability in Ngara district resulted into water users’ contributing for operating costs, participating in cleaning water sources and mobilizing their physical and financial resources towards sustaining their projects. It is concluded that cost recovery mechanisms resulted into community members setting rules and regulations that enabled households fulfill their responsibilities. It is recommended that having skilled members of the community necessitates queer supervision and management of operations of RWS projects for their sustainability.
Key Words: Assessment; Community Participation, Water Projects’ Sustainability
Examining the Influence of Availability of Teaching and Learning Materials on Teaching Motivation in Secondary Schools in Babati District, Tanzania.
Get PDFThis study investigated the influence of availability of teaching and learning materials on teaching motivation in secondary schools in Babati District. The study assessed the status of teaching resources available in schools, the status of learning resources available in schools, examined the status of teaching motivation in schools and examined the influence of school resources in enhancing teaching motivation in secondary schools. The study used a descriptive research design using questionnaires, interview and documentary review to collect data from a sample of 100 respondents. The findings indicated that, there were plentiful teaching models, audio-visual materials and teacher’s guides, instructional materials and reference books, maps and globes to enhance effective teaching in secondary schools which implies that most secondary schools had limited scarcity of teaching materials to facilitate teaching processes. Also, findings indicated that, there were enough textbooks for students, flip charts, laboratory equipment, calculators as well as wall maps to enhance effective learning among students in most secondary schools. Furthermore, study findings revealed that there was a high teaching motivation among secondary schools implying that that there is a positive correlation between the availability of school resources and teachers’ motivation in secondary schools. The study recommended that there should be regular trainings among teachers so as to enhance their recognition and motivation to teach. There is also a need for the government, through the ministry of education, to support other districts to the maximum in order to improve teachers’ motivation so as to reach their potentials.
Keywords: Teaching materials, Learning materials and Teaching motivatio
The Impact of Training and Development on Employees Job Performance in Public Sector in Tanzania.
Get PDFThe main of this study was to determine the influence of training and development on employee’s job performance in public sector in Tanzania. The specific objectives of this study were, first to explore the effects of training need assessment on the employee’s job performance in public sector in Tanzania, second to examine the effects of on-the-job training on the employee’s job performance in public sector in Tanzania and third to determine the effects off the job training method on the employee’s job performance in public sector in Tanzania. The study adopted descriptive research design, sample size of 100 respondents were selected using simple random sampling technique, data was collected using questionnaires and analyzed descriptive statistics and regression analysis. The findings of the Training Needs Assessment (TNA) reveal a positive perception among employees regarding the value and impact of the training interventions in the Tanzanian public service. Moreover, the findings of the study revealed that to a large extent, the methodology of On-the-Job Training (OJT) helps in improving employee performance in the public sector of Tanzania. Furthermore, the results of the research study shows that the impact of Off-the-Job Training (OJT) on employee performance in the public sector of Tanzania is progressive. Therefore, the study recommends that to further improve job efficiency, it is advisable for organizations to consider the integration of training interventions into departmental and organizational strategies. Moreover, organizations need to develop and implement formal OJT programs designed specifically for the precise jobs. Furthermore, organizations should also introduce routine evaluations of staff training where training plans are designed to fill their skill deficits in order to maximize these advantages.
Keywords: Training and development, Employees job performance, Public sector
A Study on Management of Claims and Disputes in Tanzania Construction Industry- A case of Dodoma Region.
Get PDFThe construction industry is burdened with a lot of project performance matters which usually lead to claims and disputes between client, consultant and contractor. This study concerned with examining management of claims and disputes in Tanzania construction industry with special focus to Dodoma region. This study was applied both quantitative and qualitative approaches in form of interviews, questionnaires and observation from previous complete projects (case study). First a set of questions was distributed to committed project managers who are currently active in management of mega projects constructed around Dodoma region both public construction companies and private construction companies. Secondly, qualitative data was collected in form of interviews and observations from previous completed projects in order to extract clarify of the opinions expressed by project managers and other contract administrators regarding the management of claims and disputes in construction industries. The study identified the main causes of claims and disputes, the effectiveness of alternative dispute resolution methods, procedures and contractual provisional set forth in contract document in management of claims and disputes and challenges facing construction industry in mitigation of claims and disputes. Based on the findings, the study concluded that the major causes of claims and disputes need to be guarded against and incase disputes eventually occur, negotiation and conciliation method should be given the first priorities. The study recommended that the government should put in place strategies that are aimed and mitigating claims and disputes on construction projects. Professional bodies such as Engineers Registration Board (ERB) an Architects and Quantity Surveyors Registration Boards (AQRB) should enlighten professionals to always be ethical in their discharge of duties
Assessment of Rural Tourism Initiatives as Strategy for Poverty Reduction in Tanzania: A Case of Bagamoyo and Kisarawe Districts.
Get PDFThis study assessed the effect of rural tourism initiatives as strategy for poverty reduction in Tanzania. Based on previous studies, four tourism initiatives deemed vital for the implementation of the sustainable rural tourism (RT) were identified. The study was conducted in two district councils namely: Bagamoyo and Kisarawe in Coastal region whereby structured questionnaire, in-depth semi-structured interviews, and field survey was used as an instruments to collect information from the sample of 400 respondents. The simple randomly sampling and purposive sampling techniques were used. Purposive sampling techniques applied to select key respondents. A likert scale range from 1 to 7 was used to measure the level of ranking and acceptance of variables. Three theories Poverty reduction theory, Social exchange theory, and Econometric time series theory were applied to establish the link between rural tourism and poverty reduction. Linear Regressions were used for data analysis. The findings revealed that four hypotheses were accepted and two were rejected. Therefore, local community’s skills and knowledge had greater positive significant effects on the poverty reduction in a micro economic level, tourism development programmes are crucial tools for RT on poverty reduction, government policies and regulations controls and manage the local community’s perceptions and their attitudes in general in conduction reliability, effectiveness, and efficiency of rural tourism activities. The study established that, respondents in Bagamoyo and Kisarawe perceived rural tourism development as an activity that has a multiplier effect. The findings of the study lead to the conclusion that implementing rural tourism initiatives as strategy is a new market opportunity to bring about sustainability of poverty reduction, which is realized through the gain in the economic, social, and political dimensions and improvement of brand image of Bagamoyo and Kisarawe district councils. This contributes to body of knowledge by coming with guiding framework on how the RT could reduce poverty. The study used a cross sectional approach that might offer a limited perspective on local community's’ perceptions on rural tourism that change over time, thus future studies should try to use a longitudinal approach.
Keywords: Rural tourism, poverty reduction, perception, development, Tanzani
Impact of Hunting Activities on the Spatial Pattern of African Cape Buffalo Population: The Case of Kingupira Sector in Selous Game Reserve.
Get PDFAn increase of human population in the world causes the pressure on the utilization of the existing limited resource. The extinction rate of wildlife resources is reported to increase up to 10,000 times rate in the next century century (22nd Century). The existing data shows that trophy qualities of the African Cape Buffalo are reducing in terms of its size, which is hypothetically caused by over harvesting. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the impact of hunting activities on the spatial pattern of African Cape Buffalo population in Selous Game Reserve at Kingupira Sector. During study the primary and secondary data were used and accessed from TAWA. The simple linear regression, QGIS and Content analysis were used to analyze the data. The linear regression has shown the strong positive relationship between the hunted male African Cape Buffalos and the observed African Cape Buffalos at the period of five years with R2= 50.2. Nevertheless, the study has shown that population of the A. Cape Buffalo is stable with the small variability in terms of numbers where its demography has shown that, the African Cape Buffalo female was more compared to the male. The off-take numbers of African Cape Buffalos per year from 2013 to 2018 were very minimal compared to the number of A. Cape Buffalo locate per quota. The study concludes that, although there is no guideline document on place that govern the hunting activities in Tanzania but quotas setting, and allocation of off take level is promising to ensure the sustainability of wildlife populations and continue to be generating economy of the country from the tourism activities. It is recommended that TAWA should conduct different studies on assessing the off-take levels for different species and to evaluate the potential effects of other anthropological factors to help maintain the population of such species.
Key words: Hunting, Spatial Pattern, African Cape Buffalo Inde
Factors Affecting Intention to Adopt Mobile Marketing Technology Among Aging Population in Zanzibar, Zanzibar.
Get PDFThe study assessed factors affecting the intention to adopt mobile marketing technology to the aging population in Zanzibar. Through specific objectives, the study investigated the influence of perceived usefulness (PU), the influence of perceived ease of use (PEOU), and the influence of technology anxiety (TA) on the intention to adopt mobile marketing technology among the aging population in Zanzibar. The study also investigated the role of attitude in mediating the impact of PU and PEOU on the intention to adopt mobile marketing technology among the aging population in Zanzibar. The study used the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and Social Cognitive Theory as a theoretical framework for this study. The cross-sectional survey was used to collect data from 385 aging population in three districts of Zanzibar, selected through a stratified random sampling procedure. The collected data were analyzed through structural equation modeling (SEM) methods version 25. Perceived ease of use (PU), Attitude (ATT), and technology anxiety (TA) significantly affected the aging population's intention (BI) to adopt mobile marketing technology. Perceived usefulness (PU) has an insignificant effect mediated through attitude. Attitude (ATT) plays a vital mediating role in the effect of PU and PEOU toward the intention of the aging population to adopt mobile marketing technology. Furthermore, several implications for marketers and other stakeholders are proposed, together with suggestions for increasing the intention of the aging population to adopt mobile marketing technology.
Keywords: Aging population, Intention to adopt, Mobile Marketing Technology, Zanzibar