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Contribution of Economic Diplomacy on Promotion of Large Scale Manufacturing Industries in Zanzibar: The Case Study Selected Ministry of Trade and Industrial Development.
No full textThis study analyzed the contribution of economic diplomacy on promotion of largescale manufacturing industries in Zanzibar. Research design adopted is both deductive and inductive and it adopted an explanatory Sequential research design. Data collection techniques used were Semi structured interview and Document Reviews for qualitative data and questionnaires for quantitative data. The total sample size involved was 162 personnel of different cadre including foreign and local investors, ministry officers, and officers of ZIPA, ambassadors and personnel of similar sort. The study revealed that foreign direct investment, free market economy and the Tanzania foreign policy of 2001 have positive and significant influence on promotion of large scale manufacturing industries in Zanzibar. It is recommended by the study to take a balanced approach to effectively promote large scale manufacturing businesses in Zanzibar by combining strategic investments with economic diplomacy. While strategic investments concentrate on focused funding for vital infrastructure, technology, and skills development, economic diplomacy uses diplomatic contacts to draw in international investments and foster advantageous trade conditions. This integrated strategy is essential for attaining sustainable economic development since it guarantees the long-term viability of industry while also accelerating its growth. According to the study, the best ways to maximize the benefits of economic diplomacy are to improve policy incentives such as tax breaks and subsidies to draw in investors improve regulatory frameworks to simplify procedures and lower administrative barriers, and promote international cooperation to obtain access to new markets, technologies, and knowledge
Impact of Community Participation and Involvement on Development Projects Sustainability : A Case of Ngorongoro District Maasaii Community, Arusha.
No full textThis study assessed the Impact of community participation and involvement on development projects sustainability. The study used mixed research approaches to assess the participation of communities in project development sustainability in Ngorongoro district in Arusha region. Through a sample size of 267 respondents participated in the study. Both quantitative and qualitative data were collected for this study. Methods of primary data collection involved semi-structured interviews, in-depth interviews, Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) and observation. Secondary data were obtained in the documentary sources related to study objectives. The study findings on objective one, revealed that majority of respondents agreed that they participated on development projects. However, participation was limited to implementation rather planning phase of the project circle. Findings on objective two, showed a strong correlation between community participation and positive sustainability outcomes. Findings on the specific objective three showed that, lack of technical skills and financial capacity are constraining factors to communities’ participation in development projects. However, active monitoring was found to be an enabling that mediates the influence of community participation on development project sustainability. The study recommends the use of a structured participatory project planning; Implementing organizations should formalize and standardize community participatory as compulsory component of project cycle; Implementing organizations must prioritize long-term capacity building especially financially and technically to the local community.
Keywords: Community Participation, Development Projects, Sustainability,
Ngorongoro Distric
Effects of School Feeding Programmes on the Participation of Pupils in Primary School Education in Kwimba District, Mwanza Region.
No full textThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of school feeding programmes (SFP) on the participation of pupils in primary school education in Kwimba district. It specifically focused on determining the extent to which school feeding programmes affect enrollment of primary school pupils, establishing the effect of school feeding programmes on the attendance of primary school pupils, identifying the effect of school feeding programmes on the participation of primary school pupils, and establishing the extent to which school feeding programs influence the performance of primary school pupils in Kwimba district. The study employed a mixed research approach and descriptive survey design. Simple random and purposive sampling techniques were used to select 315 respondents. Data were collected through questionnaires, interviews, observation, and document reviews, then analysed to obtain response frequencies and percentages. Findings showed positive outcomes in pupils’ enrollment, attendance, classroom participation, and academic performance in relation to SFP. Though it had no direct effect on pupils’ enrollment. Generally, the SFP seemed to encourage parents to send their children to school, apart from children’s eagerness to studies and thus to have better performance in their examinations. The study, therefore recommends that the education stakeholders should extend the SFP in all primary schools.
Keywords: School feeding, enrollment, attendance, school participation, pupils’ performances
Effect of Climate Change Resilience and Adaptation Strategies on the Sustainability of Water and Sanitation Infrastructure in Kishapu District, Shinyanga Region, Tanzania.
No full textThe main objective of this study was to examine the influence of climate change resilience and adaptation strategies on the sustainability of water and sanitation infrastructure in Kishapu District, Shinyanga Region, Tanzania. Specifically, the study aimed to investigate the influence of climate change resilience strategies, determine the influence of climate change adaptation strategies, and assess the influence of climate change risk assessment strategies on the sustainability of water and sanitation infrastructure in Kishapu District. To achieve these objectives, the study adopted a positivist philosophy, utilizing a quantitative research approach and an explanatory research design. The research was conducted at the Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Agency (RUWASA) in Kishapu District. A total of 75 respondents participated in the study, selected through a census sampling method. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Pearson correlation, and multiple linear regression analysis were employed to analyze the collected data. The findings revealed that climate change resilience strategies, climate change adaptation strategies, and climate change risk assessment all have a significant positive influence on the sustainability of water and sanitation infrastructure in Kishapu District. The study concludes that an increase in any of these variables could enhance the sustainability of water and sanitation infrastructure in the district. Based on these findings, the study recommends that RUWASA should prioritize strengthening climate change resilience, adaptation, and risk assessment strategies to ensure the sustainability of water and sanitation infrastructure in Kishapu District.
Keywords: Climate Change, Climate Change Resilience, Climate Change Adaptation, Sustainability of Water and Sanitation Infrastructure
The Role of Political Leadership in Reducing Illiteracy Rates in Tanzania: A Case Study of Dodoma City Council.
No full textThis study examined the role of political leadership in reducing illiteracy rates in Tanzania, with a focus on the Dodoma City Council. The study was guided by three specific objectives: (1) to assess the level of political leadership participation in the development of literacy policies and programmes in Tanzania; (2) to examine the role of political leaders at the district level in the implementation of literacy programmes; and (3) to identify the challenges stakeholders face related to political leadership in efforts to reduce illiteracy rates in Tanzania. An interpretivist research paradigm, supported by a qualitative research approach and a case study design, guided the study. Data were collected through interviews, focus group discussions, and document reviews. Purposive sampling was employed to select participants. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. Findings revealed that while political leaders support the formulation of literacy policies, their engagement is often limited to high-level endorsements with minimal involvement in grassroots policy development. At the district level, the participation of political leaders in implementation efforts was found to be inconsistent, often constrained by limited resources, insufficient technical capacity, and competing political priorities. The study concludes that political leadership plays a crucial, yet often under utilized, role in advancing literacy initiatives. It recommends strengthening political accountability, increasing resource allocation, fostering multi-sectoral collaboration, and enhancing the capacity of political leaders in education advocacy to improve literacy outcomes in Tanzania.
Keywords: Political Leadership, Literacy, Literacy Rates, Illiteracy and Illiteracy Rate
Contribution of Social Media Network in Shaping Public Opinion During General Election: Evidence from Jamii Forum and Mwananchi Communication Limited. (Mwananchi Digital) Tanzania.
No full textThis study examines the role of social media networks specifically Jamii Forums and Mwananchi Digital in shaping public opinion during general elections in Tanzania. It addresses the gap in understanding how citizen-led and institutional digital media interact to influence voter behaviour. A descriptive design was employed, with data collected from 100 respondents through questionnaires and interviews, and analyzed using both quantitative and qualitative methods with SPSS. Findings showed that social media significantly shapes voter perceptions by facilitating opinion sharing, public debate, and advocacy for electoral reforms. 60% of respondents stated that political content on these platforms helped them express views and respond to policy shortcomings in past elections. These results align with the Uses and Gratifications theory and existing literature, which identify digital platforms as spaces for both transparency and the spread of misinformation. Platforms such as Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram provided timely information, encouraged debate, and mobilized citizens toward active participation, reinforcing their role as educational and mobilizing tools in democratic participation. The study also highlighted key challenges, including misinformation, lack of funding (37.7%), limited political knowledge (31.1%), unwillingness to participate (17.7%), and lack of trust (13.3%). Literature emphasizes the need for regulatory frameworks, media literacy, and trust-building initiatives to address these issues.
Keywords: Social media, social media networks, public opinion, political engagement, general election
Assessment of Electronic Fiscal Devices Adoption on Tax Collection in Tanzania: A Case of Tax payers in Mbeya City.
No full textThis research assesses the adoption of Electronic Fiscal Devices (EFDs) and their impact on tax collection in Tanzania, focusing at Mbeya City. The study addresses the reluctance of non-VAT registered taxpayers to adopt EFDs, attributed to high costs, technical issues, and network problems. The primary objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of EFDs in enhancing tax collection by the Tanzania Revenue Authority (TRA) and to identify environmental factors influencing their adoption. Using a random selection-methods approach, the research involved a sample of 140 traders in Mbeya City, analyzing data through Frequencies statistics and descriptive statistics. The findings reveal that while 76.2% of respondents acknowledged improved tax collection responsibility due to EFDs, 70% perceived the cost of EFDs as a significant barrier to their adoption. The study confirms that EFDs enhance tax compliance and efficiency, yet highlights the need for improved taxpayer education, financial incentives, and technical support to mitigate adoption barriers. Conclusively, the research underscores the necessity of comprehensive strategies to promote EFD adoption, thereby optimizing tax revenue collection and supporting Tanzania's economic development goals. Recommendations include introducing subsidies, enhancing training programs, and strengthening technical support to foster a favorable environment for EFD utilization.
Key word; EFD adoption, Tax revenue increase, Tax payer’s correct information, avoidance of tax evasio
Influence of Training and Development on Employee Retention in the Tanzanian Banking Industry: Empirical evidence from Njombe Region.
No full textThe general objective of this study was to examine the influence of training and development on employee retention in Tanzanian banking industry. The specific objectives of the study included determining the influence of on-job training, off-job training and career development programs, on the employee's retention. Human capital theory was employed. Possivit and quantitative well as well used. The study used explanatory research design with a sample size of 80 employees from the banking industry in Njombe region who were randomly selected. Data was collected using structured questionnaires and analyzed by using descriptive statistics and multiple regression with the help of SPSS software version 25. The findings of the study revealed that on job training, off job training and career development program positively and statistically significantly influence employee’s retention. Therefore, the study concludes that on job training, off job training and career development programs are predictors of employee’s retention in the Tanzanian banking industry. It is recommended that banking organizations continue to fund structured, needs-based on -job training programs. Moreover, the study suggests that banks should continue to support off -job training programs because they positively affect employee retention and career advancement. Furthermore, to enhance employee’s retention, the management of banks should regularly assess and modify career development initiatives to accommodate employees' varied career preferences.
Keywords: Training and development, Employees retention, Banking sector, on-job training, off-job training, career development progra
Effect of Corporate Social Responsibility on Public Hospital Performance: A Case of Mount Meru Hospital, Arusha.
No full textThis study determined the impact of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) on the performance of Mount Meru Hospital in Arusha, Tanzania, focusing on its economic, social, and environmental responsibilities. Public hospitals in Tanzania face challenges like inadequate funding, inefficiencies, and resource shortages, which affect performance. While CSR is recognized in private healthcare for improving financial outcomes, employee engagement, and community trust, its effect on public hospitals remains underexplored. The study's objectives were to examine how economic, social, and environmental responsibilities influence the hospital’s performance. Using a positivist research philosophy, a quantitative approach, and an explanatory design, data were collected from 263 respondents through structured questionnaires. Descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression were used for analysis. The findings reveal that economic responsibilities, such as financial efficiency and cost management, significantly improve hospital performance. Social responsibilities, including patient care quality, employee welfare, and community engagement, also enhance performance by boosting staff morale and patient satisfaction. Environmental responsibilities, such as waste management and resource conservation, improve operational efficiency and enhance the hospital's reputation. The study concludes that CSR positively influences public hospital performance by improving financial stability, service delivery, and environmental sustainability. It recommends that policymakers and administrators integrate structured CSR strategies into public healthcare to address resource constraints, foster community partnerships, and enhance service quality. Future research should explore the long-term effects of CSR on hospital performance through longitudinal and qualitative methods.
Keywords: Corporate Social Responsibility, hospital performance, sustainability, operational efficiency, community engagement