4473 research outputs found
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The Influence of School Leadership Styles on Teachers’ Behavioral Change in Primary Schools: A Case of Temeke Municipality.
No full textThis study examined the influence of school leadership styles on teachers' behavioural change in public primary schools in Temeke Municipality, Tanzania. The study aimed to identify leadership styles used by school heads, explore teachers' perceptions of these styles, and examine the challenges experienced in managing teacher behaviour using specific leadership styles. The research was based on behavioural theory, which explains how leadership styles impact teacher motivation, commitment, and job satisfaction. The study adopted an interpretivist paradigm with a qualitative approach, utilising a multiple case study design. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, observations, and document reviews from 22 participants, including school heads, teachers, academic teachers, the district education officer, and the ward education officer. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. The findings showed that democratic leadership was the most commonly used style among school heads, followed by transformational, laissez-faire, and autocratic leadership. Teachers viewed these styles both positively and negatively: transformational leadership was motivating but led to dependency, laissez-faire encouraged autonomy but caused inefficiency, autocratic leadership made quick decisions but lowered morale, and democratic leadership promoted participation but resulted in delays and conflicts.
Keywords: Leadership styles, teachers’ behavior, democratic leadership, transformational leadership, laissez-faire leadership, autocratic leadership
Factors Influencing Job Satisfaction in Public Organizations: A Case of NSSF Tanzania Southern Zone.
No full textThe study is about factors influencing job satisfaction among employees at the National Social Security Fund (NSSF). The specific objectives are to evaluate the impact of benefits and compensations, working conditions, organizational culture, and career development opportunities on employee satisfaction. The positivism philosophy was used with a quantitative approach using causal research design. The study gathered data from 79 NSSF employees. The findings of the study revealed that benefits and compensations had a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction. Similarly, working conditions had a positive and significant impact. Organizational culture also significantly influenced job satisfaction positively and significantly. In contrast, career development opportunities had a negative but statistically insignificant effect on job satisfaction. The study concludes that benefits, working conditions, and organizational culture are crucial for enhancing job satisfaction, while career development, although important, might need further investigation. Recommendations include offering competitive compensation packages, improving working conditions, cultivating a positive organizational culture, and supporting employee career development to foster a more motivated and satisfied workforce at NSSF.
Keywords: Job Satisfaction, Benefits and Compensation, Career Development Opportunities, Working Conditions and Organization Cultur
A Framework for E-payment and Fines Notification for Traffic Offences: A Case Study of Tanzania Traffic Police.
No full textThis study explores the current state of the e-payment system used by the Tanzania Traffic Police and proposes a comprehensive framework to enhance its effectiveness, transparency, and user experience. The study adopted a mixed-methods research approach, combining both qualitative and quantitative methods to provide a comprehensive understanding of the current challenges and opportunities in implementing an e-payment and fines notification framework for traffic offences in Tanzania, with a specific focus on the Tanzania Traffic Police. Data were gathered from key stakeholders including motorists, traffic police officers, and officials from the TRA across major regions with high traffic activity namely Dar es Salaam, Arusha, Dodoma, Mbeya, and Mwanza. The findings revealed several limitations in the existing e-payment infrastructure, such as poor system interoperability, inadequate real-time feedback, technical inefficiencies, and a lack of user-centered design. These issues have contributed to reduced compliance, operational delays, and limited trust in the system. To address these challenges, the research developed a robust e-payment framework featuring an Application Programming Interface (API) integrated with mobile and web-based platforms. The proposed model ensures real-time notifications of fine issuance and payment confirmation, secure and centralized data storage, automated reporting features, and an intuitive interface tailored to both urban and rural users. The prototype was validated through user testing and expert review, demonstrating substantial improvements in reliability, usability, and administrative control. This study provides not only a technically sound and user-responsive solution but also valuable insights for policymakers, ICT professionals, and law enforcement agencies seeking to modernize traffic enforcement mechanisms.
Keywords: E-payment system, Traffic fines, Digital transformation, User Centered Design, System integration
An Assessment of the Impact of Instagram on Youth Political Efficacy in Zanzibar, A Case Study on Instagram in Urban West-Zanzibar.
No full textThis study assessed the Impact of Instagram on youth’s political efficacy in Urban West, Zanzibar, focusing on Instagram as a case study. The rapid growth of digital platforms has transformed political communication and engagement, especially among youth. This study employed a mixed-method approach quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews, to examine how Instagram affects political awareness, engagement, and participation among youth.
The research findings indicated that Instagram plays a significant role in political engagement, particularly among users aged 25–34. It enables access to political information (political debate, political discussion, political meeting, political analysis, political comments) etc), fosters civic discussions, and motivates youth to participate in political activities. However, the impact varies based on users’ demographics, education levels, and trust in political sources. Challenges such as misinformation, digital literacy gaps, and algorithm-driven content duration were also identified. The study concludes that Instagram is a valuable tool for enhancing political efficacy among youth in Zanzibar but recommends targeted interventions to promote digital literacy, regulate political content, and bridge digital divides to optimize political engagement.
Key Words: Instagram, Political Efficacy, Youth, Zanziba
Factors Influencing the Performance of the Public Service Vehicles (PSV) Sector in Tanzania: A Case of Ilala Municipality in Dar Es Salaam.
No full textThe study aimed to examine the factors influencing the performance of the public service vehicles in Ilala district. The study specifically addressed the effects of transport infrastructure management, alternative transport means and professionalism on the performance of public service vehicles. The sample size of the study was 218 respondents obtained using stratified and simple random sampling strategies. This study used explanatory research design and employed questionnaire. Quantitative data were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Science version 23.The study used correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression analysis to determine the relationship between independent and dependent variables. Findings showed that transport infrastructure management had a positive but insignificant effect on passenger service vehicle performance. Alternative Transport showed a negative effect on passenger service vehicle performance. Professionalism had statistically insignificant effect on passenger service vehicle performance. It was recommended that authorities should allocate resources for the continuous maintenance and upgrading of roads, terminals, and bus stops to reduce delays and vehicle damage. Moreover, LATRA is recommended to enforce strict qualifications and periodic license renewals to ensure that only competent and professional drivers operate PSVs.
Keywords: Alternative transport, professionalism, performance of public service vehicle
Uchunguzi wa Mtindo katika kasida za Dufu za Kiislamu.
No full textUtafiti huu ulichunguza “Uchunguzi wa Mtindo ya Kasida za Dufu za Kiislamu”. Mtafiti aliongozwa na malengo mahsusi matatu nayo ni Kufafanua mitindo ya kasida za dufu za Kiiislamu katika madrasa teule, Kuchambua mitindo ya kasida za dufu za Kiislamu iliyojitokeza katika kasida teule na Kubainisha namna mitindo ya kasida ya Kiislamu ilivyoibua dhamira. Malengo haya yaliukamilisha utafiti hatua kwa hatua katika kugundua mitindo ya kasida za dufu za Kiislamu. Mtafiti alikusanya data kupitia nyanjani katika madrasa tafauti zilizopo wilaya ya Mjini katika Mkoa wa Mjini Magharibi. Mtafiti aliwagawa watafitiwa katika makundi ya watunzi, walimu na wanafunzi. Kwa upande wa ukusanyaji na uchambuzi wa data za utafiti mtafiti aliongozwa na nadharia ya Mwitiko wa Msomaji, Upokezi na Umitindo. Aidha, matokeo ya utafiti huu yamethibitisha kuwapo kwa mitindo ya kasida za dufu za Kiislamu katika madrasa teule ambayo ni mtindo wa Ajmi, Bayati, Sika/Hijazi, Razdi/rasti, Muundo wa neno moja, mtindo wa mshangao, mtindo wa takriri, mtindo wa kutumia nafsi kwanza, ya pili, umoja ya pili wingi, na nafsi ya tatu umoja. Pia utafiti uligundua kuwapo kwa mtindo wa matumizi ya lugha ya tash-biha, sitiari, tash-hisi, taswira, tanakalisauti, mdokezo, nidaa, tafsida, hutuba na swali. Dhamira zilizoibuliwa na mtindo katika kasida ni zile za kijamii, kimapenzi, utukufu, upekee, majonzi, ukiwa, wasifu, mwitiko, ushajihisho, unyenyekevu, nasaha, kukumbushana, hamasa, ushawishi, kujikubalisha, kujimithilisha, uthibitisho na usaili. Mwisho, utafiti umependekeza watunzi wa kasida za dufu waendelee kutunga kasida nyingine zenye maudhui mbalimbali ili watafiti waweze kuibua mitindo, mbalimbali itakayokuza na kuendeleza fasihi ya Kiswahili
The Influence of Electronic Loan Processing on Loan Performance: A Case Study of Microfinance institutions in Zanzibar.
No full textThis study sought to determine the influence of electronic loan processing on loan performance in microfinances in Zanzibar. The study was based on three main variables: electronic client and business assessment, electronic loan monitoring, and electronic loan repayment. A sample of 50 respondents, comprising clients, loan officers, and credit managers in the microfinance industry, was used. The collected data were analysed and interpreted using inferential statistics (Pearson's correlation and linear regression) in the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). Electronic client and business assessment, electronic loan monitoring, and electronic loan repayment were found to be strongly statistically significant for loan performance in microfinance institutions. The study recommends that microfinance institutions should improve loan process automation through electronic platforms and upscale real-time processing to improve loan performance. Likewise, there should be an established policy to enhance the provision and access to financial services, including favourable credit facilities. Further research is recommended on: the influence of electronic loan processes on other financial aspects of financial institutions, such as financial performance and financial growth; the assessment of the effects of economic downturns on loan performance in microfinance; and the influence of advanced technologies on financial inclusion.
Keywords: Electronic Clients and Business Assessment, Electronic Loan Monitoring, Electronic Loan Repayment, Loan Performance, and Zanziba
Examining the Legal Challenges Related to Transparency and Corporate Social Responsibility in Democratic Republic of Congo’s Mining Regulation.
No full textTransparency and social responsibility are essential pillars of mining governance, ensuring equitable resource management, stakeholder accountability, and sustainable community development. This study examined the legal challenges surrounding these principles in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), noting that existing laws remain incomplete and ambiguous, particularly due to the absence of effective sanctions and the lack of mandatory publication of certain contracts, including those involving state-owned companies and the artisanal sector. In terms of corporate social responsibility (CSR), gaps include unclear standards for community consultation, uncertainty over the legal status of specifications, and ambiguity in community representation and administrative decision-making. Using primarily the doctrinal method, supplemented by comparative and empirical approaches, the research identifies significant normative and practical shortcomings in applying transparency and CSR obligations. Recommendations call for extending transparency requirements to the pre-contractual phase, mandating the publication of state-owned company contracts, and introducing sanctions for non-compliance. For CSR, the study proposes signing the specifications alongside the mining contract as an essential clause, so that their breach constitutes a contractual violation, and clarifying procedures for administrative and judicial remedies in cases of non-observance.
Keywords: Transparency, essential pillars of mining governance, stakeholder accountability, sustainable community development, Democratic Republic of Cong
Effect of Employee Motivation Strategies on Employees Job Satisfaction in Tanzania Local Government Authorities: A Case of Dodoma City Council.
No full textThe study examined the effect of employee motivation strategies on employee’s job satisfaction in local government authorities; a case of Dodoma city council. Three objectives guided this study; to determine the effect of monetary motivation strategies, the effect of non-monetary motivation strategies and the effect of work-life balance strategies on employee’s job satisfaction in local government authorities. The Two-Factor Theory of Herzberg was used. The study's foundations were explanatory research design, quantitative research methodology, and positivist research philosophy. Stratified random sampling was used to choose 373 people from a population of 5548. Descriptive statistics, correlation, and multiple regression analyses were employed as data analysis tools, and a structured questionnaire was used to gather data. The study discovered that employees' job satisfaction was positively and significantly correlated with all three independent variables: work-life balance strategies, monetary motivation, and non-monetary motivation. The study concluded that employee motivation strategies significantly enhanced job satisfaction among staff in Dodoma City Council, thereby improving overall performance in local government authorities. Based on the findings, the study recommended that Dodoma City Council should strengthen both monetary and non-monetary motivation strategies to boost employee job satisfaction. Management should provide fair compensation, recognition, and career development opportunities to sustain employee morale and commitment. Furthermore, the council should establish continuous feedback and supportive work environments to ensure long-term satisfaction and improved service delivery.
Keywords: Employee Motivation Strategies, Monetary Motivation, Non-Monetary Motivation Work-life Balance Strategies Employees Job Satisfaction, Employee Performanc
Factors Affecting Private Sectors’ Member Contributions to National Social Security Fund.
No full textThe study determined factors affecting private sectors members’ contributions in social security organizations in Tanzania. The study was guided with three specific objectives; to identify factors that prevent private sectors members to regularly contribute to the National Social Security Fund; to evaluate awareness of members in the private sectors on the importance of regularly contributing to National Social Security Fund; and to assess the impact of inadequate members contributions to National Social Security Fund. The study was guided by Compliance Theory and adopted the mixed method design using a sample of 75 respondents obtained through random and purposive sampling techniques. Information to address the study gap were obtained using questionnaires and interviews Data from questionnaires were computed in SPSS software that relevant statistics were generated to present the results; and those from interviews were analysed using content analyses which were narratively presented complemented by themes as quotations. Findings revealed that membership contribution by the private entities is affected with various factors including corrupt practices by some social security practitioners, awareness issues, no-compliance deliberate action and others. Despite that, the perception of private sector entities towards members contribution in the social security services is negative with the situation still keep on persisting. Furthermore, the situation pertaining to non-compliance towards membership contributions among private sector entities has negative effects to the beneficiaries. The implication of the results is that membership contribution by the employers is very important for efficiency purposes and the beneficiaries well-being. This signifies any defects of that kind should be dealt upon with the aim of being eradicated.
Keywords: Social Security, Private Sector, Private Sector Members, Social Security Contributions