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The Heterogeneous Effects of a Food Price Crisis on Child School Enrollment and Labor: Evidence from Pakistan
No full textUsing a panel survey, this paper investigates how the increase in food prices in Pakistan in 2008-2010 affected children's school enrollment and labor. The causal identification relies on geographical variations in the price of food (wheat). The results show that the negative impacts of food price increase on school enrollment differ by gender, economic status, and the presence of siblings. The negative effects on school do not directly correspond to the increase in child labor because the transition from being idle to labor activity or from school to being idle are significant, particularly among the poor girls. The results also show that children in households with access to agricultural land are not affected by higher food prices. The analyses reveal a more dynamic picture of the impact of food price increase on child status and contribute to broader policy discussion to mitigate the impact of crises on children's education
Aktuelle Forschungsbeiträge zu Südasien: 3. Jahrestagung des AK Südasien, 25./26. Januar 2013, Heidelberg
No full textDie vorliegende Schriftenreihe wurde vom Arbeitskreis Südasien mit dem Zweck gegründet, Einblicke in aktuelle geographische Forschung zu Südasien zu ermöglichen und dient in erster Linie dazu, die vielfältigen Forschungsarbeiten der Arbeitskreismitglieder vorzustellen. Hierzu werden Beiträge der Mitglieder auf den jährlichen Arbeitskreistreffen in Form von Extended Abstracts in einem jährlichen Sammelband zusammengefasst.
Matthias Schmidt - Baltistan im Spiegel kolonialer und postkolonialer Diskurse
Basabi Khan Banerjee & Georg Stöber - Gorkhaland Movement in India: A Case of Indigeneity and/or a Struggle over Space?
Daniel Karthe - Grenzüberschreitendes Wassermanagement in Südasien: die Beispiele Indus und Brahmaputra
Nahreen Islam Khan & Gregor C. Falk - Eco-tourism, Nature Conservation and Monetary Interests at Baikka Beel Wetland Sanctuary, Bangladesh: Local people as Victims of Conflictive Approaches?
Tatjana Thimm - Indientourismus - Potenziale, Probleme, Besonderheiten
Verena Flörchinger, Sabrina Marx, Larissa Müller, Svend-Jonas Schelhorn, Fabian Schütt & Ulrich Selgert - Die touristische Entwicklung der Hochgebirgssiedlung Langtang in Nepal
Thomas Hennig - Trends, Probleme und Herausforderungen in Indiens Energiesektor
Thomas Lennartz - Milcherde und der Zorn der Götter: Lokales Wissen zur Verringerung des Risikos durch Hangrutschungen in Nepal
Helene Grenzebach - Öffentlicher Raum und Konflikt in globalisierten, urbanen Kontexten: das Beispiel Hyderabad, Indien
Benjamin Etzold - Street Food Governance in Dhaka
Johannes Bertsch - Jugend in Bangladesch - Zukunftsorientierung analysiert im räumlichen Kontext der Provinzstadt Rajshahi
Mareike Kroll, Carsten Butsch, Revati Phalkey & Erach Bharucha - Challenges for urban disease surveillance in India - a case study of Pun
Effects of Early-Life Exposure to Sanitation on Childhood Cognitive Skills: Evidence from India's Total Sanitation Campaign
No full textEarly life health and net nutrition shape childhood and adult cognitive skills and human capital. In poor countries -- and especially in South Asia -- widespread open defecation without making use of a toilet or latrine is an important source of childhood disease. This paper studies the effects on childhood cognitive achievement of early life exposure to India's Total Sanitation Campaign, a large government program that encouraged local governments to build and promote use of inexpensive pit latrines. In the early years of the program studied here, the TSC caused six-year-olds exposed to it in their first year of life to be more likely to recognize letters and simple numbers. The results suggest both that open defecation is an important threat to the human capital of the Indian labor force, and that a program feasible to low capacity governments in developing countries could improve average cognitive skills
FATA: Between backwater and black-site?
No full textPakistan's border region FATA marks an historical battleground. As such, it is not surprising that this troubled region and its people developed and maintained unique social structures
Election Year in Bhutan - Litmus Test of Happiness?
No full textOn 23 April 2013, the people of Bhutan went to the polls to elect a new upper house, or National Council (NC), for the second time ever in their country’s history. This marked the beginning of the national parliamentary election process, which will conclude before the end of July this year after the second round of polls for the lower house – the National Assembly (NA) – is held. The NA was dissolved on 20 April and has to be reconstituted within 90 days. Based on a first assessment, one can state that, besides some weather-related concerns and hurdles, the NC elections were held relatively smoothly. Most importantly, they were not disturbed by any ‘politically motivated’ violent incident of significance or by undue interference by any state institutions or other actors. (...
Feeding the City: Work and Food Culture of the Mumbai Dabbawalas
No full textEvery day in Mumbai 5,000 dabbawalas (literally translated as those who carry boxes") distribute a staggering 200,000 come-cooked lunchboxes to the city’s workers and students. Giving employment and status to thousands of largely illiterate villagers from Mumbai's hinterland, this co-operative has been in operation since the late nineteenth century. It provides one of the most efficient delivery networks in the world: only one lunch in six million goes astray. Feeding the City is an ethnographic study of the fascinating inner workings of Mumbai's dabbawalas. Cultural anthropologist Sara Roncaglia explains how they cater to the various dietary requirements of a diverse and increasingly global city, where the preparation and consumption of food is pervaded with religious and cultural significance. Developing the idea of "gastrosemantics" – a language with which to discuss the broader implications of cooking and eating – Roncaglia's study helps us to rethink our relationship to food at a local and global level
On the Eve of Elections?: Mapping potential scenarios for Bangladesh uncertain political future
No full textA Comprehensive Analysis of Poverty in India
No full textThis paper offers a comprehensive analysis of poverty in India. It shows that no matter which of the two official poverty lines is used, poverty has declined steadily in all states and for all social and religious groups. Accelerated growth between fiscal years 2004-2005 and 2009-2010 led to an accelerated decline in poverty rates. Moreover, the decline in poverty rates during these years was sharper for the socially disadvantaged groups relative to upper caste groups, so that a narrowing of the gap in the poverty rates is observed between the two sets of social groups. The paper also provides a discussion of the recent controversies in India regarding the choice of poverty lines
Productivity, Innovation and Growth in Sri Lanka: An Empirical Investigation
No full textThis study investigates the impact of key business environment indicators on productivity, innovation, and growth in Sri Lanka through a cluster-level productivity analysis, a firm-level total factor productivity analysis, and a firm-level innovation analysis. For the cluster-level productivity analysis (as measured by output and value added per worker), it combines two established data sources in a novel way by importing average 'industry-size-location' cluster-level business environment variables from the World Bank Enterprise Survey to the comprehensive Sri Lanka Census of Industry productivity data available for similar clusters of enterprises. For the firm-level total factor productivity analysis, it compares data from the 2011 World Bank Enterprise Survey with those from 2004. For the firm-level innovation analysis, it compares findings from the 2011 World Bank Enterprise Survey with a representative sample of enterprises collected as part of the Sri Lanka Longitudinal Survey of Enterprises. The empirical findings highlight the importance -- for cluster-level productivity, firm-level total factor productivity, and innovation -- of connectivity to global knowledge (reflected by one or more of export participation, directly imported inputs, foreign ownership, and use of the internet), availability of skills, access to finance, and competition. The paper also presents evidence, under the assumption that the samples are statistically representative, that both allocative and average technical efficiency have improved, with allocative efficiency increasing roughly four-fold between 2003 and 2010, and accounting for the overwhelming share of the aggregate increase in total factor productivity over this time period. Most of the improvement in allocative efficiency has occurred among larger firms, and in large rather than small cities
General elections in Pakistan: Elections yes, democracy not yet!
No full textThe general elections on May 11 constituted the first "regular" transfer of power between two civilian governments in Pakistan. Undoubtedly, this is a milestone in the country's chequered political history