Bulletin of Electrical Engineering and Informatics
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Improved power quality and reduced losses in DFIG-based WECS using third-order sliding mode control
Get PDFThe study presents a comparative analysis of two advanced high-order sliding mode control (HOSMC) strategies—super-twisting sliding mode control (STSMC) and third-order sliding mode control (TOSMC)—for enhancing the performance of doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG)-based wind energy conversion systems (WECS). The key goals are to maximize energy efficiency, minimize the total harmonic distortion (THD) in the stator current, and reduce electrical losses within the system. Both control strategies are integrated into a direct field-oriented control (DFOC) scheme using space vector modulation (SVM) to improve dynamic response and control accuracy. MATLAB/Simulink simulations show that TOSMC consistently outperforms STSMC in multiple performance aspects. TOSMC ensures better energy efficiency through precise tracking of active and reactive power references while mitigating transient oscillations (chattering effects).Furthermore, TOSMC significantly reduces harmonic distortion, achieving a THD of 0.21%, compared to 0.33% for STSMC, and surpasses conventional controllers, which exhibit a minimum recorded THD of approximately 0.46%. The mitigation of transient phenomena also contributes to reduced switching losses and ohmic heating, thereby enhancing the generator’s thermal stability and overall reliability
An internet of things-enabled wearable device for stress monitoring and control
Get PDFThe development of a wearable sensor device integrated into the internet of things (IoT) infrastructure is presented, with functionality aimed at continuous measurement of the user's physiological parameters and their intelligent processing for real-time stress level assessment. The system enables continuous monitoring of physiological parameters, allowing early detection of stress signals and supporting adaptive behavioral responses. The hardware platform is designed to consolidate various biomedical sensors, enabling continuous acquisition and intelligent processing of physiological data in real time. During testing, heart rate (HR) ranged from 68 to 89 beats per minute (bpm), respiratory rate varied from 11 to 15 breaths per minute, and skin conductivity ranged from 63 to 77 µS. Acquired physiological data were uploaded to a cloud-based infrastructure to enable advanced processing and analysis. The system achieved an overall stress detection accuracy of 87%, and signal stability remained high even under changing conditions. The proposed wearable solution demonstrates strong potential for use in healthcare, education, and occupational environments. It also offers scalability through the integration of intelligent algorithms and additional sensor modules
An improved round robin time sharing algorithm for optimizing data mapping in cloud computing environments
Get PDFCloud computing in recent years has been widely applied in a wide number of applications and fields. However, allocating tasks to virtual machines (VMs) remains a part that needs enhancement. Task scheduling algorithms in heterogeneous computing system are required to satisfy high-performance data mapping requirements. The efficient allocation between resources and tasks decreases waiting time (WT), turnaround time (TT) and maximizes resource utilization. Various task scheduling algorithms, including round robin (RR) and some improved RR algorithm are used for cloud environment. A novel time-sharing algorithm (NRRTSA) is introduced, demonstrating enhancements in WT and TT. Simulation findings indicate that the NRRTSA algorithm effectively schedules multiple requests (cloudlets) among several VMs, the proposed NRRTSA outperforms RR and other algorithms in terms of the average of both TT and WT. The average turnaround time (ATT) is enhanced with a ratio of 10.8% to 45%, the average waiting time (AWT) is enhanced with a ratio of 10.9% to 45%
Mapping global research trends in power quality for industrial electrical systems: a bibliometric analysis (2016–2024)
Get PDFThis paper analyzes trends in electrical power quality (PQ) in industrial systems through a bibliometric approach to identify key topics, prominent authors, and patterns of international collaboration that may guide future research. PQ disturbances can significantly affect operational continuity, energy efficiency, and equipment lifespan in industrial electrical systems (IES), making it essential to map the research landscape to support technological and strategic responses. The study reviews 103 articles from the Scopus database for the period 2016–2024, applying relevance and currency criteria. VOSviewer® was used to conduct the analysis, employing keyword co-occurrence networks and bibliographic coupling to visualize thematic, collaborative, and citation relationships. Results indicate a strong research focus on harmonic distortion, voltage disturbances, and artificial intelligence applications for diagnosis and mitigation. India leads in scientific production, while IEEE Access is the most influential source. Despite growing interest, the study identifies limited international collaboration and thematic fragmentation, which may hinder comprehensive solutions. The findings highlight the need to expand collaboration networks, standardize methodologies, and integrate underexplored topics into mainstream PQ studies, strengthening the ability of industrial systems to address emerging challenges and improve performance, resilience, and reliability
Improved load frequency control with chess algorithm-driven optimization of 3DOF-PID controller
Get PDFIn contemporary hybrid power systems, persistent load fluctuations disrupt the delicate balance between electrical output and mechanical torque, thereby compromising frequency stability. Load frequency control (LFC) mechanisms are indispensable in maintaining this equilibrium, particularly in systems integrating renewable and thermal energy sources. This study introduces a three-degree-of-freedom proportional-integral-derivative (3DOF-PID) controller optimized via the novel chess optimization algorithm (COA) and evaluates its efficacy against the ant lion optimizer (ALO) and Harris Hawks optimization (HHO). Extensive MATLAB/Simulink simulations were conducted on a hydrothermal system, with performance assessed through objective functions—integral of absolute error (IAE) and integral of time-weighted absolute error (ITAE). The COA consistently yielded the lowest cumulative error values (IAE=0.1548 and ITAE=0.2965), demonstrating its superiority in steady-state performance. However, COA exhibited substantial dynamic deviations, including an overshoot of 387.79% and undershoot of 4513.8% in ∆ftie. Conversely, HHO offered a significantly enhanced transient response, achieving 0% undershoot in ∆ftie with minimal oscillatory behavior. ALO displayed moderate performance but struggled with higher undershoots and prolonged settling time. The findings underscore the criticality of algorithm selection in controller design. While COA excels in minimizing long-term errors, HHO is preferable for applications requiring heightened dynamic stability and responsiveness
Research on PMSM control without speed sensorless applied to industrial electric drive system based on ADSMC method
Get PDFThe paper research, calculates, and designs an industrial electric drive system control such as: computer numerical control (CNC) machining machines, milling machines, and grinding machines, with sensorless permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM) based on measuring current components, axial position and applied voltage to obtain information about rotation angle and speed for PMSM based on adaptive sliding mode control (ADSMC) method. Here an optimal sliding surface will be designed to demonstrate faster convergence than conventional sliding mode control. Then, an adaptive law is researched and developed to make the control parameters, especially the switching gain, updated quickly online. Therefore, the motor noise can be effectively reduced and the system can be better eliminated from noise, Chattering, and nonlinear noise. Finally, a reference model was created, the exponential decay curve was applied to track the angular position error. The ADSMC system with model reference proposed by the authors in the paper has combined the advantages of sliding mode control method and adaptive control method according to the sample model. The simulation results show that the performance is achieved faster and the control process is more accurate, the error of speed and angular position (less than 0.01%) compared to other control methods
Optimized indoor radio signal prediction with 3D ray tracing model at 2.4 and 5 GHz
Get PDFChannel propagation models are essential in developing efficient wireless communication networks. Indoor propagation relies on the nature of the surrounding environment. Therefore, many researchers have provided different ways for effective propagation modeling and received power prediction. In this paper, ray-tracing-based site-specific propagation models are presented. The actual measurements are obtained using many wireless access points (AP) based on IEEE 802.11 with different technologies a/b/g and n as transmitters and mobile phone with a proposed mobile application used as a receiver to collect the power at different locations called reference points (RPs), these measurements are done without the existence of people movement. The simulation results are obtained using wireless InSite simulator depends on 3D shoot and bounce ray (SBR) method. The simulation measurements are assessed by comparing it with the actual measurements and they analyze statistically such that the correlation coefficient R between them reaches up to 80% which is an indicator to an acceptable agreement. Path loss characteristic affected by the building materials and distance along the receiver’s route is evaluated
Secure and efficient elliptic curve-based certificate-less authentication scheme for solar-based smart grids
Get PDFSolar-based smart grids have emerged as a transformative force, encapsulating a paradigm shift towards decentralized and sustainable power generation. However, this evolution is accompanied by growing concern-authentication challenges that pose a substantial threat to solar-based smart grids' security. Existing work done by researchers reveals a gap in addressing these authentication issues, resulting in vulnerabilities that compromise the overall security and performance of solar enabled smart grid infrastructures. In response to these concerns, this paper suggests a novel certificate-less authentication scheme designed explicitly for solar-based smart grids. Our technique, which uses elliptic curve (EC) encryption, mitigates authentication problems and navigates the resource limits inherent in a smart grid environment. The security evaluation also shows that our mechanism security is higher in terms of the security attributes it delivers. Supported by a Scyther-based protocol specification, our solution undergoes a rigorous security analysis, demonstrating its robustness and effectiveness in critical security attributes. Furthermore, a performance evaluation underscores the efficiency of our scheme, positioning it as a robust, and effective solution for fortifying solar-based smart grid environments against evolving cyber threats
Comparative performance analysis of software-defined networking vs conventional IP networks using IGP protocols
Get PDFThe exponential growth of users in data networks presents significant challenges in terms of availability and traffic management. The advent of software-defined networking (SDN) technology offers new opportunities for enhancing performance and reducing operational costs. This article compares traditional data networks using conventional routing protocols like OSPF with SDN networks. An evaluation scenario was designed to assess the performance of conventional data networks configured with OSPF against those implemented with SDN using OpenFlow. Performance tests were conducted with various packet sizes, evaluating round-trip time (RTT) and jitter metrics using GNS3 and Mininet software to simulate conventional and SDN networks, respectively. The results demonstrated superior performance in SDN, with shorter transmission times; RTT values reached a maximum of 0.18 ms for packets ranging from 32 to 512 bytes, and jitter values remained below 1 ms. Furthermore, a routing analysis highlighted the need for specifying path redundancy in SDN environments via simulation scripts, a limitation not observed in conventional networks. This emphasizes the importance of addressing this issue when deploying SDN in production environments
Levels of consciousness in psychopathology according to monitoring of neural network centers alpha rhythm rs-EEG
Get PDFConsciousness is the highest mental function that integrates attention, memory, individual experience, emotions, and all modalities of perception, information processing and other manifestations of higher nervous activity of a person. This research was aimed to theoretically substantiate the functional connection of the brain alpha regulatory system with the modulation of conscious activity and to identify pathological electroencephalography (EEG) patterns of the alpha rhythm characterizing a decrease in the level of consciousness. 40 patients (main group) with current symptomatic schizophrenia associated with neurocognitive and depressive symptoms, and 38 healthy subjects (control group) were examined. Both nonspecific physical parameters of the alpha wave process–index, frequency and amplitude, and physiological features of alpha oscillations–regularity, auto rhythmicity (modulation) and stability of the EEG alpha rhythm were analyzed with using WinEEG, EEG Studio, and Loreta-Key viewer programs. A line of indicators for the alpha rhythm in schizophrenia have been calculated–based on coherence in different brain areas, the latent period (LP) of desynchronization, the average number of bursts and the tone of the cerebral cortex