Journal of Technology Management & Innovation
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Integrating RFID Technology and EPC Network into a B2B Retail Supply Chain: A Step Toward Intelligent Business Processes
Get PDFThis article introduces RFID technology and the EPC Network and investigates their potential for B-to-B eCommerce supply chain management. Based on empirical data gathered from four tightly interrelated firms from three layers of a supply chain, several scenarios integrating RFID and the EPC Network have been tested and evaluated. In the context of warehousing activities in one specific retail supply chain, the results indicate that i) the business process approach seems quite appropriate to capture the real potential of RFID and the EPC Network; ii) RFID technology and the EPC Network can improve the “shipping” and the “receiving” processes; iii) they can automatically trigger some business processes; iv) they foster a higher level of information sharing between supply chain members; and v) they promote the emergence of new business processes such as “process-to-process,” “process-to-machine,” and “machine-to-machine.” The paper helps to improve our understanding of the real potential of RFID and the EPC Network for business processes.Este artículo introduce a los conceptos de la tecnología RFID y las redes EPC, e investiga su potencial para la gestión de cadenas de proveedores en el comercio electrónico B-a-B. basado en datos empíricos recolectados desde compañías estrechamente relacionadas que provienen de tres distintas capas de una cadena de proveedores. En el contexto de las actividades de actividades de almacenamiento en una cadena de proveedores específica de retail, los resultados indican que (i) la aproximación al proceso de negocio se ve muy apropiado para capturar el real potencial de la RFID y la red EPC; (ii) La tecnología RFID y las redes EPC pueden mejorar los procesos de “envío” y “recepción”; (iii) pueden automáticamente gatillar algunos procesos de negocios; (iV) impulsan un nivel más alto de repartición entre los miembros de la cadena de abastecimiento; y (v) promueven el surgimiento de nuevos procesos de negocios tales como “proceso-a-proceso”, “ proceso-a-máquina”, y “máquina-a-máquina”. Este artículo ayuda a mejorar nuestro entendimiento del potencial real de la tecnología RFID y las redes EPC para los procesos de negocio.This article introduces RFID technology and the EPC Network and investigates their potential for B-to-B eCommerce supply chain management. Based on empirical data gathered from four tightly interrelated firms from three layers of a supply chain, several scenarios integrating RFID and the EPC Network have been tested and evaluated. In the context of warehousing activities in one specific retail supply chain, the results indicate that i) the business process approach seems quite appropriate to capture the real potential of RFID and the EPC Network; ii) RFID technology and the EPC Network can improve the “shipping” and the “receiving” processes; iii) they can automatically trigger some business processes; iv) they foster a higher level of information sharing between supply chain members; and v) they promote the emergence of new business processes such as “process-to-process,” “process-to-machine,” and “machine-to-machine.” The paper helps to improve our understanding of the real potential of RFID and the EPC Network for business processes
Inovação na Pequena Empresa - Um Estudo de Caso na Tropical Brasil
Get PDFTitle: INNOVATION IN SMALL BUSINESS – TROPICAL BRASIL CASE STUDY
Innovation is remarked by several authors as a strategy and need for companies survival on a changing environment. The adoption of an innovation culture is not an easy task. Innovation comes from the change and requires an adequate organizational environment. The organization environment must allow and incentive creativity and trial errors acceptance. This article discusses and characterizes the innovation in a small company environment: Tropical Brasil. Company analysis is based in working papers and previous researches. It suggests that an innovation culture is related to the entrepreneur, its goals and beliefs. To the way he manage the business “infecting” all people with his will and anxiety for doing better.Title: INNOVATION IN SMALL BUSINESS – TROPICAL BRASIL CASE STUDY
Innovation is remarked by several authors as a strategy and need for companies survival on a changing environment. The adoption of an innovation culture is not an easy task. Innovation comes from the change and requires an adequate organizational environment. The organization environment must allow and incentive creativity and trial errors acceptance. This article discusses and characterizes the innovation in a small company environment: Tropical Brasil. Company analysis is based in working papers and previous researches. It suggests that an innovation culture is related to the entrepreneur, its goals and beliefs. To the way he manage the business “infecting” all people with his will and anxiety for doing better.A inovação tem sido apontada por diversos autores como uma estratégia e muitas vezes como uma necessidade para a sobrevivência da organização em contextos de mudança. No entanto, a adoção de uma cultura de inovação não é uma tarefa fácil, tendo em vista que a inovação advém da mudança que por sua vez requer um ambiente propício para permitir e fomentar a criatividade e para aceitar os erros que porventura aconteçam. Esse artigo tem como objetivo discutir e caracterizar a inovação no ambiente de uma pequena empresa a partir de um estudo de caso na Tropical Brasil. A análise da empresa fundamentada em autores clássicos sugere que a adoção de uma cultura de inovação, está diretamente ligada à figura do empreendedor, seus objetivos e crenças e na forma como gere seus negócios "contaminando" a todos na empresa com sua inquietude e vontade de fazer sempre melhor
Collaborative Innovation: The Future of BioPharma
Get PDFThe pharmaceutical industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing drugs, medicines and related products for human or animal use. Nowadays, bio pharmaceutical corporations are facing serious inefficiencies in their drug discovery process. The drug discovery process consists of four phases. These are research phase (average 3 years), pre-clinical testing phase (average 1 year), clinical trial testing phase involving human patients (average 10 years) and regulatory approval phase (average 2 years). Undoubtedly, research is the step in which substantial risks are being taken. During this process, researchers develop tests to screen libraries of chemical compounds against therapeutic targets, evaluate the amount of a drug required to effectively treat the disease, study the extent to which a drug interacts only with the target, assess the presence and significance of any harmful side effects and design the way the drug is going to be administered to patients.The pharmaceutical industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing drugs, medicines and related products for human or animal use. Nowadays, bio pharmaceutical corporations are facing serious inefficiencies in their drug discovery process. The drug discovery process consists of four phases. These are research phase (average 3 years), pre-clinical testing phase (average 1 year), clinical trial testing phase involving human patients (average 10 years) and regulatory approval phase (average 2 years). Undoubtedly, research is the step in which substantial risks are being taken. During this process, researchers develop tests to screen libraries of chemical compounds against therapeutic targets, evaluate the amount of a drug required to effectively treat the disease, study the extent to which a drug interacts only with the target, assess the presence and significance of any harmful side effects and design the way the drug is going to be administered to patients.The pharmaceutical industry comprises establishments primarily engaged in manufacturing drugs, medicines and related products for human or animal use. Nowadays, bio pharmaceutical corporations are facing serious inefficiencies in their drug discovery process. The drug discovery process consists of four phases. These are research phase (average 3 years), pre-clinical testing phase (average 1 year), clinical trial testing phase involving human patients (average 10 years) and regulatory approval phase (average 2 years). Undoubtedly, research is the step in which substantial risks are being taken. During this process, researchers develop tests to screen libraries of chemical compounds against therapeutic targets, evaluate the amount of a drug required to effectively treat the disease, study the extent to which a drug interacts only with the target, assess the presence and significance of any harmful side effects and design the way the drug is going to be administered to patients
Política Industrial Brasileira pós 1990: A Indústria Farmacêutica em Questão
No full textThe present article analyses the active principle and drug sector in Brazil after 1990. It has five sections showing that, at that time, the government priority was to maintain economic stability to the detriment of strengthening national drug industry. The article analyses the actions implemented through projects and concluded that the results of such policy were not satisfactory. Results show that the country continues to depend on multinational companies which control and progress vertical and horizontally in all stages of drug production to developing countries, thus benefiting from competitive advantages. Finally, it points out the measures needed for Brazil to join the active principle and drug international market.The present article analyses the active principle and drug sector in Brazil after 1990. It has five sections showing that, at that time, the government priority was to maintain economic stability to the detriment of strengthening national drug industry. The article analyses the actions implemented through projects and concluded that the results of such policy were not satisfactory. Results show that the country continues to depend on multinational companies which control and progress vertical and horizontally in all stages of drug production to developing countries, thus benefiting from competitive advantages. Finally, it points out the measures needed for Brazil to join the active principle and drug international market.Este artigo analisa o desenvolvimento do setor de fármacos e medicamentos, no Brasil, após 1990. Em cinco seções, mostra-se que a prioridade do governo foi a estabilidade econômica, em detrimento do fortalecimento da indústria farmacêutica nacional. Analisam-se as ações implementadas, em função dos projetos idealizados, para se chegar à conclusão de que os resultados foram insatisfatórios. Argumenta-se que o país continua dependente das empresas multinacionais que conseguem dominar, verticalizar e horizontalizar todos os estágios da produção de remédios para os países em desenvolvimento, obtendo vantagens competitivas.Finalmente, apontam-se providências necessárias para inserir o Brasil no mercado de fármacos e medicamentos internacional
Modelos de Negocio en las Empresas de Biotecnología: Análisis Comparativo entre España y los Países Líderes
Get PDFBiotechnology is still an emergent industry in Spain with no business models well defined yet. However, in Canada, a leading country for this industry, three models can be already depicted, two of them clearly dominant.
Our empirical fieldwork, based on practically the whole population of Dedicated Biotechnological Firms in Spain, is intended to figure out the significant disparities encountered in the Spanish biotechnology firms in comparison to their Canadian counterparts, in most of the indicators and variables shaping the business models. Our study concludes the Spanish biotechnological industry overwhelmingly compiles services-based companies with low to medium innovative levels. This profile diverges from the most commonly displayed by this industry in Canada.En el emergente sector de la biotecnología en España, los modelos de negocio todavía no están definidos. No obstante, en un país considerado un referente para el sector como es Canadá, despuntan ya con cierta claridad dos modelos dominantes. Nuestro trabajo empírico corroborará las significativas diferencias que separan el tejido empresarial biotecnológico español de su homónimo canadiense, en la gran mayoría de variables que definen los modelos de negocio más implantados. Nuestro trabajo concluye que el sector biotecnológico español avanza por un camino distinto y divergente del marcado en Canadá, uno de los países que se sitúan a la vanguardia en esta industria.Biotechnology is still an emergent industry in Spain with no business models well defined yet. However, in Canada, a leading country for this industry, three models can be already depicted, two of them clearly dominant.
Our empirical fieldwork, based on practically the whole population of Dedicated Biotechnological Firms in Spain, is intended to figure out the significant disparities encountered in the Spanish biotechnology firms in comparison to their Canadian counterparts, in most of the indicators and variables shaping the business models. Our study concludes the Spanish biotechnological industry overwhelmingly compiles services-based companies with low to medium innovative levels. This profile diverges from the most commonly displayed by this industry in Canada
Red Interorganizativa de Cooperación en Areas Tecnológicas
Get PDFTitle: Interorganizational Cooperation Network in Technological Areas
The aim of this article is to prove if a model exists in the nets of interorganizational cooperation that are formed in the technological areas where innovative companies center. For it there is analyzed the structure and the intensity or fortress of the links of the nets of cooperation in several areas looking for similarities or differences between they. The empirical study is realized in the networks of the Technological Parks of Galicia, Madrid and Malaga. In the results a clear guideline is verified with regard to the central nodes in three nets, and that the size of the park influences the structure of the net.El objetivo de este artículo es averiguar si existe un modelo de red de cooperación interorganizativa en las áreas tecnológicas donde se concentran empresas innovadoras y de base tecnológica. Para ello se analiza la estructura y la intensidad o fortaleza de los vínculos de las redes de cooperación en varias zonas buscando similitudes o diferencias entre ellas. El trabajo empírico se realiza en las redes de los Parques Tecnológicos de Galicia, de Madrid y de Málaga. En los resultados se comprueba un patrón claro respecto a los nodos centrales en las tres redes, y que el tamaño del parque influye en la estructura de la red.Title: Interorganizational Cooperation Network in Technological Areas
The aim of this article is to prove if a model exists in the nets of interorganizational cooperation that are formed in the technological areas where innovative companies center. For it there is analyzed the structure and the intensity or fortress of the links of the nets of cooperation in several areas looking for similarities or differences between they. The empirical study is realized in the networks of the Technological Parks of Galicia, Madrid and Malaga. In the results a clear guideline is verified with regard to the central nodes in three nets, and that the size of the park influences the structure of the net
Harvesting Adaptation to Biodiversity Conservation in Sawmill Industry: Technology Innovation and Monitoring Program
Get PDFSocial demands related to native forest ecosystems are based on an efficient management, with a balance between conservation and timber production. This paper describes the industry adaptation to a biodiversity program with an alternative regeneration method. The proposed method leaves 30% of the timber-quality forest as aggregated retention and 15 m² ha-1 basal area as dispersed retention. While many costs increased considerably, the incomes also may increase by applying new management strategies and technology innovation. A monitoring program was established in the harvested stands to evaluate the ecological functionality of the applied regeneration system (forest structure, climate change, regeneration dynamics, habitat quality and abiotic cycles). The implementation of an innovated technology and monitoring program in the forest and industry determined a balance between economic values and biodiversity conservation.Las demandas sociales relacionadas con los ecosistemas forestales se basan en una gestión eficiente, con un equilibrio entre la conservación y la producción de madera. El siguiente trabajo describe la adaptación de la industria a un programa de biodiversidad con un método alternativo de regeneración. El método propuesto mantiene un 30% del bosque de calidad maderera como una retención agregada y un área basal de 15 m² ha-1 Como una retención dispersa. Mientras muchos de los costos aumentan considerablemente, los ingresos también aumentan mediante la aplicación de las nuevas estrategias de gestión y de las tecnologías de innovación. Un programa de monitoreo se estableció en la cosecha para evaluar la funcionalidad ecológica del sistema de regeneración aplicado (estructura del bosque, cambio climático, dinámica de regeneración, calidad del hábitat y ciclos abióticos). La implementación de una tecnología de innovación y un programa de monitoreo en el bosque y la industria determinan un equilibrio entre los valores económicos y la conservación de la biodiversidad.Social demands related to native forest ecosystems are based on an efficient management, with a balance between conservation and timber production. This paper describes the industry adaptation to a biodiversity program with an alternative regeneration method. The proposed method leaves 30% of the timber-quality forest as aggregated retention and 15 m² ha-1 basal area as dispersed retention. While many costs increased considerably, the incomes also may increase by applying new management strategies and technology innovation. A monitoring program was established in the harvested stands to evaluate the ecological functionality of the applied regeneration system (forest structure, climate change, regeneration dynamics, habitat quality and abiotic cycles). The implementation of an innovated technology and monitoring program in the forest and industry determined a balance between economic values and biodiversity conservation
The University-Industry Relations in Latin America: the misuse of foreign models?
Get PDFTitle: The University-Industry Relations in Latin America: The Misuse of Foreign Models?
This article examines how Bolivian lecturers respond to the debate on the production of knowledge and its transfer to the productive sector and its implications for the transformation of Latin American universities. The empirical analysis is based on a survey of 349 lecturers from Bolivian public universities, which inquired into aspects of university-industry relations (UIR). Although the results indicate that lecturers are in favour of relations with firms, there are several barriers to such relationships, such as lack of institutional support, generally unfavourable atmosphere in universities, and an industrial structure comprising few firms in knowledge-intensive sectors and firms with low absorptive capacity. In the context of Bolivia, unlike what occurs in developed countries, UIR have been configured around scientifically unimportant activities which has had a negative effect on the consolidation of research.Este artículo examina cómo se sitúa la comunidad académica boliviana en el debate sobre la producción y transferencia de conocimiento al sector productivo y las implicaciones que tiene en la transformación universitaria latinoamericana. El análisis empírico se basa en una encuesta contestada por 349 docentes de universidades públicas bolivianas, en la que se indagaban diversos aspectos sobre las relaciones universidad-empresa (RUE). Aunque los resultados indican una actitud favorable de los docentes para relacionarse con las empresas existen diversos obstáculos que limitan el desarrollo de dicha relación, tales como un soporte institucional deficiente, un ambiente universitario desfavorable y un tejido industrial con pocas empresas en sectores intensivos en conocimiento y con una baja capacidad de absorción. En el contexto analizado, a diferencia de lo que ocurre en los países desarrollados, las RUE se ha configurado en torno a actividades científicamente poco relevantes lo que a su vez ha incidido negativamente en la consolidación de la investigación como actividad académica.Title: The University-Industry Relations in Latin America: The Misuse of Foreign Models?
This article examines how Bolivian lecturers respond to the debate on the production of knowledge and its transfer to the productive sector and its implications for the transformation of Latin American universities. The empirical analysis is based on a survey of 349 lecturers from Bolivian public universities, which inquired into aspects of university-industry relations (UIR). Although the results indicate that lecturers are in favour of relations with firms, there are several barriers to such relationships, such as lack of institutional support, generally unfavourable atmosphere in universities, and an industrial structure comprising few firms in knowledge-intensive sectors and firms with low absorptive capacity. In the context of Bolivia, unlike what occurs in developed countries, UIR have been configured around scientifically unimportant activities which has had a negative effect on the consolidation of research
An Integrated Environmental Impact Assessment System for Responsible Rural Production in Uruguay
No full textThe present paper presents EIAR-Uruguay as an environmental management tool for indicating PPR’s participating farmers which practices and technology need improvements, and to facilitating the evaluation of the Project’s accomplishments. This experience has been recently brought to Chile in the ‘II PROCISUR (Cooperative Program for the Technological Agricultural and Agro-industrial Development of the South Cone ) Course on Models for Environmental Management of Rural Activities’, held in Chillán on the 13th and 14th of December 2007, resulting in promising prospects to offer support for the ‘Clean Production Initiative’ being forwarded in this country.El siguiente artículo muestra la herramienta llamada EIAR-Uruguay empleada como indicador de la participación de los agricultores cuyas prácticas y tecnologías necesitan mejoras, y que facilita a la vez la evaluación del cumplimiento de metas dentro de los proyectos. Esta experiencia ha sido recientemente traida a Chile in el “ Segundo Programa Cooperativo para el desarrollo Tecnológico-Agrícola y Agroindustrial del Cono Sur” PROCISUR II. Curso en modelos de gestión ambiental para actividades rurales, llevado a cabo en Chillán entre el 13 y 14 de Diciembre de 2006, resultando en prometedores prospectos de ofertas para el apoyo de “Iniciativas de Producción Limpia” para éste país.The present paper presents EIAR-Uruguay as an environmental management tool for indicating PPR’s participating farmers which practices and technology need improvements, and to facilitating the evaluation of the Project’s accomplishments. This experience has been recently brought to Chile in the ‘II PROCISUR (Cooperative Program for the Technological Agricultural and Agro-industrial Development of the South Cone ) Course on Models for Environmental Management of Rural Activities’, held in Chillán on the 13th and 14th of December 2007, resulting in promising prospects to offer support for the ‘Clean Production Initiative’ being forwarded in this country
Sistema de Avaliação de Impactos de Inovações Tecnológicas: INOVA-tec System
No full textTechnology impact assessment may be a helpful tool in the decision-making process. The present work suggests a method to evaluate the impact of technological innovation, providing information organized according to criteria and indicators in several areas where the innovation can be perceived. The method consists of a system that allows the analysis of: i) the innovation range starting from the generation of the significance index, and ii) the assessment of the innovation performance through the analysis of the performance indicators which will compose the magnitude index. This system has a support tool, the software “INOVA-tec v 1.0”, with information shown as a guide to allow a well-informed and a well-based evaluation.La evaluación de impacto de la tecnología puede ser una importante herramienta de ayuda en el proceso de generación de políticas. El siguiente trabajo sugiere un método para evaluar el impacto de una innovación tecnológica, proveyendo información organizada de acuerdo al criterio e indicadores de numerosas áreas en las que la innovación puede ser percibida. El método propuesto consiste en un sistema que permite el análisis de: (i) El rango de la innovación comenzando desde la generación del índice de significancía, y (ii) de la evaluación del desempeño de la innovación a través del análisis de indicadores de desempeño que compondrán el índice de magnitud. Este sistema corresponde a una herramienta de apoyo, el software “INOVA-tec v 1.0”, que con la información adecuada muestra una guía que permite una evaluación bien informadaA avaliação de impactos de tecnologias pode ser uma aliada do processo de decisão. Este trabalho propõe uma metodologia para a avaliação dos impactos de inovações tecnológicas fornecendo informações organizadas de acordo com critérios e indicadores em diversas dimensões onde a inovação pode ser percebida. O método consiste de um sistema que permite a análise: i) da abrangência da inovação a partir da geração do índice de significância, e ii) da avaliação do desempenho da inovação, pela análise dos indicadores de desempenho que irão compor o índice de magnitude. Este sistema conta com uma ferramenta de apoio, o software “INOVA-tec v 1.0”, com informações apresentadas como um nortear para permitir uma avaliação instruída e embasada