Journal of Technology Management & Innovation
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Determinantes da Transferência de Tecnologia na Agroindústria Brasileira de Alimentos: Identificação e Caracterização
Get PDFThis article aims to identify and characterize determinants of technology transfer, from the perspective of agro-industrial firms operating in Brazil, and under the light of the core theoretical concepts. By reaching this objective, the article provides a basis for studies and practices relating to technological change in the agrifood sector. Particularly, it may help in defining or reformulating public policies favorable for the generation and application of technologies in the Brazilian food industry.This article aims to identify and characterize determinants of technology transfer, from the perspective of agro-industrial firms operating in Brazil, and under the light of the core theoretical concepts. By reaching this objective, the article provides a basis for studies and practices relating to technological change in the agrifood sector. Particularly, it may help in defining or reformulating public policies favorable for the generation and application of technologies in the Brazilian food industry.Este artigo objetiva identificar e caracterizar determinantes da transferência de tecnologia à luz dos conceitos teóricos básicos e na ótica de empresas agroindustriais que atuam no Brasil. Ao alcançar este objetivo, o artigo apresenta uma base para estudos e práticas referentes à mudança tecnológica no setor agroalimentar. Particularmente, ele pode auxiliar na definição ou reformulação de políticas públicas favoráveis para a geração e aplicação de tecnologias na agroindústria brasileira de alimentos
Investing in Networking Competences or Establishing in Hot Spots?. The Innovation Dilemna
Get PDFThe target of this paper is twofold: investigating open innovation practices that are used up in French manufacturing industries, and evaluating the impact on firms\u27 innovativeness of those networking abilities in comparison to internal development of competences and to spillovers available in the neighborhood. Concretely, thanks to a huge database on competences for innovation, the paper estimates the impact of different categories of innovative competences (mostly relational ones) on innovative performance. This empirical analysis first shows that if networking abilities are the core innovative competences, strategies to tap into external innovation sources vary across sectors. Second, this work allows to precise the relational competences that firms should develop in order to improve their innovative performance.The target of this paper is twofold: investigating open innovation practices that are used up in French manufacturing industries, and evaluating the impact on firms\u27 innovativeness of those networking abilities in comparison to internal development of competences and to spillovers available in the neighborhood. Concretely, thanks to a huge database on competences for innovation, the paper estimates the impact of different categories of innovative competences (mostly relational ones) on innovative performance. This empirical analysis first shows that if networking abilities are the core innovative competences, strategies to tap into external innovation sources vary across sectors. Second, this work allows to precise the relational competences that firms should develop in order to improve their innovative performance.The target of this paper is twofold: investigating open innovation practices that are used up in French manufacturing industries, and evaluating the impact on firms\u27 innovativeness of those networking abilities in comparison to internal development of competences and to spillovers available in the neighborhood. Concretely, thanks to a huge database on competences for innovation, the paper estimates the impact of different categories of innovative competences (mostly relational ones) on innovative performance. This empirical analysis first shows that if networking abilities are the core innovative competences, strategies to tap into external innovation sources vary across sectors. Second, this work allows to precise the relational competences that firms should develop in order to improve their innovative performance
Graduate Formation in Intellectual Property in Brazil: A Study Based on Academic Production of Thesis and Dissertations
Get PDFThe aim of this paper is to present information on the graduate formation in Intellectual Property in Brazil based on academic production of thesis and dissertations. This study analyzed data from 278 documents indexed in Bank of Thesis of Capes. The results show that: 1) only in the last years started the formation of professionals at the master’s and doctorate degree levels being necessary efforts for learning and training in the area; 2) the formation of competences is much concentrated in the Southeast and South regions of the country and in the area of Law being necessary to correct these asymmetries; and 3) the principal focus of this academic production is related to intellectual property policy followed by patents.The aim of this paper is to present information on the graduate formation in Intellectual Property in Brazil based on academic production of thesis and dissertations. This study analyzed data from 278 documents indexed in Bank of Thesis of Capes. The results show that: 1) only in the last years started the formation of professionals at the master’s and doctorate degree levels being necessary efforts for learning and training in the area; 2) the formation of competences is much concentrated in the Southeast and South regions of the country and in the area of Law being necessary to correct these asymmetries; and 3) the principal focus of this academic production is related to intellectual property policy followed by patents.The aim of this paper is to present information on the graduate formation in Intellectual Property in Brazil based on academic production of thesis and dissertations. This study analyzed data from 278 documents indexed in Bank of Thesis of Capes. The results show that: 1) only in the last years started the formation of professionals at the master’s and doctorate degree levels being necessary efforts for learning and training in the area; 2) the formation of competences is much concentrated in the Southeast and South regions of the country and in the area of Law being necessary to correct these asymmetries; and 3) the principal focus of this academic production is related to intellectual property policy followed by patents
Managing Science and Technology Occupations of Women in Nigeria
Get PDFThe study examined the occupational activities of female graduates in science and technology related fields with a view to assessing factors influencing their performance and make recommendations to enhance women work experiences in S&T occupations. The data for the study was collected through questionnaire and interview schedule from a sample of 2110 respondents comprising of employed female Science and Technology (S&T) graduates and heads of departments in tertiary institutions and S&T firms in Nigeria. The study reveal that most female S&T graduates (FSTGs) employed in tertiary institutions and research institutions were engaged in S&T based occupations. However, in corporate firms, most of the FSTGs work either in administration, finance or R&D departments. In addition, a large proportion takes less paying non S&T jobs for domestic reasons and lack of suitable vacancies. This suggests gross under-utilization of human resource. Some S&T organizations did not have any female working in S&T departments. Recommendations were made to enhance the recruitment, retention and performance of women in S&T employment in Nigeria.The study examined the occupational activities of female graduates in science and technology related fields with a view to assessing factors influencing their performance and make recommendations to enhance women work experiences in S&T occupations. The data for the study was collected through questionnaire and interview schedule from a sample of 2110 respondents comprising of employed female Science and Technology (S&T) graduates and heads of departments in tertiary institutions and S&T firms in Nigeria. The study reveal that most female S&T graduates (FSTGs) employed in tertiary institutions and research institutions were engaged in S&T based occupations. However, in corporate firms, most of the FSTGs work either in administration, finance or R&D departments. In addition, a large proportion takes less paying non S&T jobs for domestic reasons and lack of suitable vacancies. This suggests gross under-utilization of human resource. Some S&T organizations did not have any female working in S&T departments. Recommendations were made to enhance the recruitment, retention and performance of women in S&T employment in Nigeria.The study examined the occupational activities of female graduates in science and technology related fields with a view to assessing factors influencing their performance and make recommendations to enhance women work experiences in S&T occupations. The data for the study was collected through questionnaire and interview schedule from a sample of 2110 respondents comprising of employed female Science and Technology (S&T) graduates and heads of departments in tertiary institutions and S&T firms in Nigeria. The study reveal that most female S&T graduates (FSTGs) employed in tertiary institutions and research institutions were engaged in S&T based occupations. However, in corporate firms, most of the FSTGs work either in administration, finance or R&D departments. In addition, a large proportion takes less paying non S&T jobs for domestic reasons and lack of suitable vacancies. This suggests gross under-utilization of human resource. Some S&T organizations did not have any female working in S&T departments. Recommendations were made to enhance the recruitment, retention and performance of women in S&T employment in Nigeria
SME Innovative Capacity, Competitive Advantage and Performance in a ‘Traditional’ Industrial Region of Portugal
Get PDFThis study aims to identify the factors that contribute to the building of a firm’s innovative capacity and to assess the way in which this contributes to our understanding of how much this contributes to improvements in the firm’s performance. A conceptual model is proposed consisting of five separate dimensions: the firm; the entrepreneur; the external business environment; the firm’s innovative capacity; and the firm’s performance. The study was based on questionnaire-based data from a sample of firms drawn from the manufacturing industry in the Beira Interior Region of Portugal. The results provided evidence regarding the factors influencing the innovative capacity of firms and permitted conclusions to be drawn regarding effects of superior innovative capacity on the construction of firms’ competitive advantage, which in turn contributes to improved performance.This study aims to identify the factors that contribute to the building of a firm’s innovative capacity and to assess the way in which this contributes to our understanding of how much this contributes to improvements in the firm’s performance. A conceptual model is proposed consisting of five separate dimensions: the firm; the entrepreneur; the external business environment; the firm’s innovative capacity; and the firm’s performance. The study was based on questionnaire-based data from a sample of firms drawn from the manufacturing industry in the Beira Interior Region of Portugal. The results provided evidence regarding the factors influencing the innovative capacity of firms and permitted conclusions to be drawn regarding effects of superior innovative capacity on the construction of firms’ competitive advantage, which in turn contributes to improved performance.This study aims to identify the factors that contribute to the building of a firm’s innovative capacity and to assess the way in which this contributes to our understanding of how much this contributes to improvements in the firm’s performance. A conceptual model is proposed consisting of five separate dimensions: the firm; the entrepreneur; the external business environment; the firm’s innovative capacity; and the firm’s performance. The study was based on questionnaire-based data from a sample of firms drawn from the manufacturing industry in the Beira Interior Region of Portugal. The results provided evidence regarding the factors influencing the innovative capacity of firms and permitted conclusions to be drawn regarding effects of superior innovative capacity on the construction of firms’ competitive advantage, which in turn contributes to improved performance
Inventions Utilizing Satellite Navigation Systems in the Railway Industry – An Analysis of Patenting Activity
Get PDFApplications based on the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), in combination with different communication systems, have significantly helped to increase safety, efficiency and system capacity of operations in different modes of transportation. Here railway transport is no exception, although the number of applications based on GNSS has been considerably behind the number of those used in road transport. Since incorporating e.g. GPS receivers into modern signaling, train control and other railway systems has become usual, it is interesting to examine GNSS/GPS-based inventions and patenting trends more closely in this context. This paper analyses GNSS/GPS-related patents in the railway industry in order to shed light on the patenting activity in different countries/regions and to identify (and to a certain extent make a classification of) the main application areas for this technology.Applications based on the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), in combination with different communication systems, have significantly helped to increase safety, efficiency and system capacity of operations in different modes of transportation. Here railway transport is no exception, although the number of applications based on GNSS has been considerably behind the number of those used in road transport. Since incorporating e.g. GPS receivers into modern signaling, train control and other railway systems has become usual, it is interesting to examine GNSS/GPS-based inventions and patenting trends more closely in this context. This paper analyses GNSS/GPS-related patents in the railway industry in order to shed light on the patenting activity in different countries/regions and to identify (and to a certain extent make a classification of) the main application areas for this technology.Applications based on the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), in combination with different communication systems, have significantly helped to increase safety, efficiency and system capacity of operations in different modes of transportation. Here railway transport is no exception, although the number of applications based on GNSS has been considerably behind the number of those used in road transport. Since incorporating e.g. GPS receivers into modern signaling, train control and other railway systems has become usual, it is interesting to examine GNSS/GPS-based inventions and patenting trends more closely in this context. This paper analyses GNSS/GPS-related patents in the railway industry in order to shed light on the patenting activity in different countries/regions and to identify (and to a certain extent make a classification of) the main application areas for this technology
Formulación y Control de la Estrategia en un Grupo de Empresas que Conforman una Red
Get PDFLas redes empresariales son parte del actual entorno de negocios y se caracterizan porque llevan a establecer fuertes interdependencias entre las empresas, sus clientes, proveedores, instituciones del gobierno y entidades de apoyo. El estudio tenía como propósito validar el grado en que las empresas consideran estos agentes en los procesos de formulación y control de la estrategia empresarial. Los resultados obtenidos indican que las empresas tienen en cuenta especialmente la interacción con sus empleados al momento de formular y realizar controles a las estrategias empresariales; el papel de las otras empresas que conforman la red en este proceso es discutible; así mismo, es limitada la importancia que las empresas le atribuyen a las universidades y entidades de fomento a la investigación.The management’s networks are part of the actual business surrounding and characterize themselves because they promote the establishment of a strong interdependency between the companies, their clients, suppliers, government institutions and supporting entities.
the investigation proposal was to evaluate the degree in which the enterprises include these actors in the formulation and control of the management’s strategy The results shows that the companies involved are taking especially into consideration the interaction with their employees at the moment to formulate and realize controls of managements’ strategy. The involvement of the other enterprises which adjusts the network in this procedure is questionable; at the time the importance that the enterprises ascribe to universities and entities who promote investigation, is limited.Las redes empresariales son parte del actual entorno de negocios y se caracterizan porque llevan a establecer fuertes interdependencias entre las empresas, sus clientes, proveedores, instituciones del gobierno y entidades de apoyo. El estudio tenía como propósito validar el grado en que las empresas consideran estos agentes en los procesos de formulación y control de la estrategia empresarial. Los resultados obtenidos indican que las empresas tienen en cuenta especialmente la interacción con sus empleados al momento de formular y realizar controles a las estrategias empresariales; el papel de las otras empresas que conforman la red en este proceso es discutible; así mismo, es limitada la importancia que las empresas le atribuyen a las universidades y entidades de fomento a la investigación
Measuring Excellence: A Closer Look at Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award Winners in the Manufacturing Category
Get PDFThe Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award is the nation’s highest quality award. The application and review process is outlined in this work. The objective of this study was to examine the five previous winners in the Manufacturing category and to establish a firm conclusion about the award’s impact. The impact of the award was examined in several categories including financial performance, market share, and employee productivity. This study explored the accomplishments of each company and compared the common factors they shared with one another. It was found that all five companies experienced tremendous financial growth on average of 100% in either sales or revenue as a result of their dedication to quality which ultimately led to winning the MBNQA.The Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award is the nation’s highest quality award. The application and review process is outlined in this work. The objective of this study was to examine the five previous winners in the Manufacturing category and to establish a firm conclusion about the award’s impact. The impact of the award was examined in several categories including financial performance, market share, and employee productivity. This study explored the accomplishments of each company and compared the common factors they shared with one another. It was found that all five companies experienced tremendous financial growth on average of 100% in either sales or revenue as a result of their dedication to quality which ultimately led to winning the MBNQA.The Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award is the nation’s highest quality award. The application and review process is outlined in this work. The objective of this study was to examine the five previous winners in the Manufacturing category and to establish a firm conclusion about the award’s impact. The impact of the award was examined in several categories including financial performance, market share, and employee productivity. This study explored the accomplishments of each company and compared the common factors they shared with one another. It was found that all five companies experienced tremendous financial growth on average of 100% in either sales or revenue as a result of their dedication to quality which ultimately led to winning the MBNQA
Managing Innovation in Small High-Technology Firms: A Case Study in Brazil
Get PDFEvaluating innovation competence and practices is a significant and complex issue for many contemporary organizations and it presents itself as a challenge for forthcoming initiatives. In this article, we present the case study of a small high-technology firm. Cianet Networking is a digital communication solutions manufacturer in Brazil that went through the implementation of an innovation management assessment system. This article reports the challenges the firm faced through the diagnosing/benchmarking and action plan proposal phases as well as the challenges facing the implementation phase. This system helped the firm to understand their strengths and weaknesses as well as to establish action plans in order to achieve higher performance. Since the beginning of the implementation, the results have corroborated the firm´s positive operational outcomes.Evaluating innovation competence and practices is a significant and complex issue for many contemporary organizations and it presents itself as a challenge for forthcoming initiatives. In this article, we present the case study of a small high-technology firm. Cianet Networking is a digital communication solutions manufacturer in Brazil that went through the implementation of an innovation management assessment system. This article reports the challenges the firm faced through the diagnosing/benchmarking and action plan proposal phases as well as the challenges facing the implementation phase. This system helped the firm to understand their strengths and weaknesses as well as to establish action plans in order to achieve higher performance. Since the beginning of the implementation, the results have corroborated the firm´s positive operational outcomes.Evaluating innovation competence and practices is a significant and complex issue for many contemporary organizations and it presents itself as a challenge for forthcoming initiatives. In this article, we present the case study of a small high-technology firm. Cianet Networking is a digital communication solutions manufacturer in Brazil that went through the implementation of an innovation management assessment system. This article reports the challenges the firm faced through the diagnosing/benchmarking and action plan proposal phases as well as the challenges facing the implementation phase. This system helped the firm to understand their strengths and weaknesses as well as to establish action plans in order to achieve higher performance. Since the beginning of the implementation, the results have corroborated the firm´s positive operational outcomes
O Impacto do Tamanho da Empresa no Desempenho Inovador
No full textThe study it searched to evaluate the influence of the size of the company in the process of management of external sources of technological information. The survey was carried through in industrial companies Brazilian innovators having aimed to contribute for the inferences on the form of technology management and the innovative performance. The analysis of the relation between the management of external sources of technological information and the performance, according the size of the companies disclosed that significant differences exist, in the relative aspects to the management structure especially, chances of access to the technology, the external sources of technological information and to the indicators of innovative performance. The effected analyses stand out the contribution of the partnership and the external relationship in the choice of the modality of access to the technology and in the source of technological, independent information of the size of the companies.El estudio que buscó para evaluar la influencia del tamaño de la compañía en curso de gerencia de fuentes externas de la información tecnológica. El examen fue llevado a través en los innovadores brasileños de las compañías industriales que apuntaban contribuir para las inferencias en la forma de gerencia de la tecnología y del funcionamiento innovador. El análisis de la relación entre la gerencia de las fuentes externas de la información tecnológica y el funcionamiento, acordando el tamaño de las compañías divulgó que existen las diferencias significativas, en los aspectos relativos a la estructura de gerencia especialmente, a las ocasiones del acceso a la tecnología, las fuentes externas de la información tecnológica y a los indicadores del funcionamiento innovador. Los análisis efectuados están parada hacia fuera la contribución de la sociedad y la relación externa en la opción de la modalidad del acceso a la tecnología y en la fuente de la información tecnológica, independiente del tamaño de las compañías.O estudo buscou avaliar a influência do tamanho da empresa no processo de gestão de fontes externas de informação tecnológica. A pesquisa survey foi realizada em empresas industriais brasileiras inovadoras visando a contribuir para as inferências sobre a forma de gestão de tecnologia e da performance inovadora. A análise da relação entre a gestão de fontes externas de informação tecnológica e o desempenho, segundo o tamanho das empresas revelou que existem diferenças significativas, especialmente nos aspectos relativos à estrutura de gestão, oportunidades de acesso à tecnologia, às fontes externas de informação tecnológica e aos indicadores de desempenho. As análises efetuadas ressaltam a contribuição da parceria e do relacionamento externo na escolha da modalidade de acesso à tecnologia e na fonte de informação tecnológica, independente do tamanho das empresas