Journal of Technology Management & Innovation
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A Proposal of Indicators and Policy Framework for Innovation Benchmark in Europe
Get PDFThe implementation of innovation policies has been adopted at European level from a common perspective. The European Council (2000) established open methods of coordination (OMC) in order to gain mutual understanding and achieving greater convergence on innovation policies, constituting a benchmarking procedure.However, the development of benchmarking analysis for innovation policies faces two major inconveniences: the lack of accepted innovation policy frameworks and the existence of suitable indicators to measure their performance. This article has a twofold objective: on the one hand, conducting an analysis of the existing innovation policy frameworks, putting forward a set of innovation policies which could be used as reference for policy analysis and on the other hand, proposing a set of indicators for measuring their performance
Biorefinery in Brazil: New Technological Trends Adopted by Domestic Companies
Get PDFThis article presents the new technological trends adopted by companies based in Brazil on the subject biorefinery that turns out to be a new way to produce chemicals and fuels in a similar way to oil refineries. The survey of information available in literature was obtained through a literature and documents. The results suggest that domestic firms are investing in new technology, especially from sugarcane, taking advantage of long experience in research, development and innovation in farming techniques acquired by tropical country
The Spin-off Chain
Get PDFSeveral theories have been developed over a large number of years on the effort of localisation and exploitation of research results that take place in research laboratories and which can lead to the production of innovative products. This process is being facilitated by spin-off companies. The purpose of this paper is to shed light on this process of developing a spin-off company. To this goal a framework has been developed, namely “the Spin-off Chain”, which will be used as a guide and will provide to future entrepreneurs a roadmap exploiting the knowledge produced in academic and research laboratories
Influencia del Género en la Percepción y Adopción de e-Learning en Alumnos de Educación Superior en Chile
No full textBased on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), the objective of this study is to explore gender differences in adopting e-learning technology for university students in Chile. A multigroup analysis, based on Partial Least Squares (PLS), was used to compare the differences between women and men. The results indicate that in a sample of students of a Chilean University, the conduct of technology acceptance of e-learning, firstly, coincides with the TAM model, and secondly, it isn\u27t statistically significant difference between women and men.ResumenEl objetivo principal de este estudio es examinar las diferencias de género en la adopción de la tecnología en los estudiantes de educación superior en Chile. El modelo TAM es la herramienta utilizada para medir la aceptación y el uso de e-learning de los encuestados. Se utilizo Partial Least Squares (PLS), específicamente, el análisis multigrupo de PLS se usó para comparar las diferencias entre grupos. En resumen, podemos afirmar que en una muestra de estudiantes chilenos de educación superior su conducta de aceptación de la tecnología de e-learning coincide con el modelo TAM y los resultados no muestran diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre mujeres y hombres
Patent Quality and Pro-patent Policy
Get PDFThis paper analyzes the patent examination and litigation process in terms of a simple Perfect Bayesian Equilibrium model, and interprets the results in line with real pro-patent trends in the US and other countries. Each country’s pro-patent policy option is different from the other because of reflecting its own path-dependent patent situation. That is, when a country adopts an easy patent policy (a pro-patent policy), firms in the country gain larger payoffs in the short term. Hence, every country seeks to adopt an easy patent policy. However, the easy patent policy undermines the true invention incentive. In this situation, it is difficult for any country to escape the problem, depending on the historical inertia
Dynamizing Innovation Systems through Induced Innovation Networks: A Conceptual Framework and the Case of the Oil Industry in Brazil
Get PDFBased on the evolution of National, Regional, Sectoral and Technological Innovation Systems concepts, a conceptual framework is proposed to explain the configuration and coordination of innovation networks through an induction process. The networks may better cope with the growing complexity in innovation processes by promoting a more fine-tuning articulation between the innovation systems’ elements. The Induced Innovation Network suggested by the article is particularly relevant in less matured Innovation Systems. The framework proposed is illustrated with the case of the PETRO-RS Network, a multi-sectoral innovation network located in the South of Brazil
Utilização de Resíduos Agro-Industriais em Processos Biotecnológicos como Perspectiva de Redução do Impacto Ambiental
No full textThe present article searchs to analyze - from the debate on the theory and the concept of education in the distance - the possibilities of intensive use of the EaD, in the context of the new public politics of education, as instrument of social inclusion in Brazil. It is verified, in this analysis that education in the distance, in a context where the continued learning started to be part in the life of the people, is presented as an important tool in the process of construction of public politics of education in the country. We conclude that, in the management of the public politics of education in the distance in Brazil must be advanced in the consistent construction of one arcabouço institucional and in the generation of stimulatons to the research in EaD, with sight to contribute for an increasing social inclusion in the country.The increasing concern about the environment has been mobilizing some market segments. Several governmental bodies and industries are preparing to apply an environment policy that diminishes the negative impacts to the nature. The industrial residue, after being generated, needs an adjusted destination, since, beyond creating potential environment problems, the residues represent losses of raw materials and energy, demanding significant investments in the pollution controlling treatments. The food industry produces a series of residues of high value of (re)utilization. Many works study the residues bioutilization such as the crushed sugar cane for protein enrichment of animal ration. In this work it will be presented a study of a possible usage of the crushed sugar cane for the production of Spirulina with satisfactory protein increment results when compared with other results gotten in literature.A crescente preocupação com o meio ambiente vem mobilizando vários segmentos do mercado. Inúmeros órgãos governamentais e indústrias estão se preparando para aplicar uma política ambiental que diminua os impactos negativos à natureza. O resíduo industrial, depois de gerado, necessita de destino adequado, pois, além de criar potenciais problemas ambientais, os resíduos representam perdas de matérias-primas e energia, exigindo investimentos significativos em tratamentos para controlar a poluição. A indústria de alimentos produz uma série de resíduos de alto valor de (re)utilização. Muitos trabalhos estudam a bioutilização de resíduos tais como o bagaço de cana-de-açúcar para enriquecimento protéico de ração animal. Neste trabalho será apresentado um estudo sobre a possível utilização do bagaço de cana-de-açúcar para produção de Spirulina com resultados de incremento protéico bastantes satisfatórios quando comparados com outros resultados obtidos na literatura
“We are a Motley Crew” Career Presentations of Men and Women Working at the University-Industry-Interface
No full textEntrepreneurial activities of faculty have received increasing attention in research. In contrast, little is known about the careers and activities of the women and men working at the university-industry-interface. To close this gap, in this paper we address technology transfer as an emerging occupational field and examine the careers of the people working in the field. At the example of Germany we show that technology transfer is almost perfectly gender balanced on the surface. Between and within transfer organizations, however, there are marked gender differences. Against this background, we find a ‘motley crew’ with a diversity of disciplinary backgrounds and professional experiences. While women often consider working in technology transfer temporary in nature and ‘second best’ when compared to a career in science, men display their career in an entrepreneurial spirit. Our results also suggest that women’s opportunities and gains are fragile because of the still transitory nature of the field.Entrepreneurial activities of faculty have received increasing attention in research. In contrast, little is known about the careers and activities of the women and men working at the university-industry-interface. To close this gap, in this paper we address technology transfer as an emerging occupational field and examine the careers of the people working in the field. At the example of Germany we show that technology transfer is almost perfectly gender balanced on the surface. Between and within transfer organizations, however, there are marked gender differences. Against this background, we find a ‘motley crew’ with a diversity of disciplinary backgrounds and professional experiences. While women often consider working in technology transfer temporary in nature and ‘second best’ when compared to a career in science, men display their career in an entrepreneurial spirit. Our results also suggest that women’s opportunities and gains are fragile because of the still transitory nature of the field.Entrepreneurial activities of faculty have received increasing attention in research. In contrast, little is known about the careers and activities of the women and men working at the university-industry-interface. To close this gap, in this paper we address technology transfer as an emerging occupational field and examine the careers of the people working in the field. At the example of Germany we show that technology transfer is almost perfectly gender balanced on the surface. Between and within transfer organizations, however, there are marked gender differences. Against this background, we find a ‘motley crew’ with a diversity of disciplinary backgrounds and professional experiences. While women often consider working in technology transfer temporary in nature and ‘second best’ when compared to a career in science, men display their career in an entrepreneurial spirit. Our results also suggest that women’s opportunities and gains are fragile because of the still transitory nature of the field
Process Techno – Innovation Using TQM in Developing Countries
Get PDFTechno-innovation has been competitive edge for most manufacturing companies. Rapid advancement in technology-innovation geared-up with global mega-competition has resulted in unprecedented economic growth where TQM has played major role. Despite slow economic growth in developing countries caused by incapability to develop their own technology, failure to make wise decision in adopting competent technology, and inability to properly utilize adopted technologies; tremendous developments are seen in some. Examples can be Indian companies that won the prestigious Deming Prize and Japan Quality Medal after adopting necessary technologies from Japan under TQM. We have addressed process techno-innovation by 4M (Man, Machine, Method, Material) and 1E (working condition-corporate culture) approach. Results indicate that TQM affects process techno-innovation by primary effect on human resource and working condition/corporate culture. Three stage gates vis-à-vis: process understanding, process improvement and technology learning, and process techno-innovation are the mechanisms through which TQM promotes process techno-innovation in developing countries
Modelo de Gestión de un Plan de Desarrollo Productivo Local. El Caso de Nova Friburgo, Brasil
Get PDFLa presente investigación trata del análisis del impacto de la innovación en las deficiencias que aparecen listadas en el Plan de Desarrollo del Sistema Productivo Local (SPL) de Moda Íntima de Nova Friburgo, según la percepción de su Administración. Inicialmente fueron investigadas las principales ideas de la Administración del SPL sobre las innovaciones y nuevas tecnologías. Primeramente en función del desempeño de los factores que influyen en el desarrollo del SPL (fundamentalmente las innovaciones y las nuevas tecnologías) y seguidamente a partir de la influencia de esos factores en las deficiencias presentes en el SPL. Cinco gestores de la Administración fueron sometidos a tres cuestionarios estructurados. Las respuestas, llevadas para un formato numérico, originaron un indicador de impacto relativo el cual fue utilizado para evaluar el impacto que podrían tener las innovaciones en las deficiencias mencionadas. Los resultados de la investigación sugieren que el proceso de innovación posee un débil desempeño en el SPL y ejerce un impacto bajo cuando se trata de atenuar las deficiencias de este