Journal of Technology Management & Innovation
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Patent Applications on Representative Sectors of Biotechnology in Brazil: an Analysis of the Last Decade
Get PDFThe present article aims to assess the innovative activity in the Brazilian most representative sector in biotechnology field. The search was conducted through patent applications of residents at the National Institute of Industrial Property (INPI - Brazil), from 2000 to 2010. This article will also examine the patent applicants\u27 profile and the partnerships among academic institutions and private firms in BrazilThe website of European Patent Office (EPO) patent database - Espacenet was used to conduct the survey, and the search strategy fields selected for the patent applications were: (i) Priority Number: BR (Brazil), and (ii) the International Patent Classification (IPC) - C12N, C07K14, and C07H21/04.The patent applications by Brazilian residents, from 2000 to 2010 in the Espacenet for the classifications adopted indicates a total of 396 patent applications in the most representative sectors in biotechnology over the past 10 years. After the Brazilian Innovation Law there is a growth trend line particularly in the years 2007 and 2008. The universities hold 48% of the patent applications in biotechnology, following by Individuals/ Researchers with 20%, Public Research Centers and Private Firms with 15%, and 11% of the total, respectively
Spin-off Process and the Development of Academic Entrepreneurs´ Social Capital
Get PDFSo far, there has been very little in-depth research on how the spin-off process contributes to the development of academic entrepreneurs’ social capital. In this inductive, exploratory and qualitative study, we examine eight academic entrepreneurship case studies. Based on our findings, we propose three mechanisms to explain the contribution of the spin-off process. They are the entrepreneurs´ affiliation with the university, the entrepreneurs´ immersion in the university´s network of relationships, and the new venture creation preparation given to the entrepreneurs by the university
Ganas de Emprender y Felicidad: un Estudio Exploratorio a Partir del Global Entrepreneurship Monitor en Chile
Get PDFEn este documento se utilizan datos del Global Entrepreneurship Monitor 2012 (GEM) para estimar empíricamente los determinantes de la Intención de Emprender (IE) en Chile, entre los que se incluye la felicidad. Trabajos previos han estudiado indirectamente, y de manera muy general, el rol de la felicidad en la IE, sin incorporarla como una variable explicativa. En consecuencia, inspirados en las recomendaciones de Casrud y Brannback (2011), y en la invitación de Elfing et al. (2009) de ajustar el modelo estándar de IE [Shapero (1982) y Ajzen (1991)], en este trabajo se introduce la felicidad tanto como una variable específica como moderadora, la cual se estima a través de un modelo LOGIT.Los resultados del modelo muestran que la felicidad se relaciona de manera inversa con la Intención de Emprender. De esta forma, en la medida que es mayor la felicidad, menor es probabilidad de intención de emprender (o viceversa)
Política Hídrica y Cambio Tecnológico en Tecnologías Aplicadas al Tratamiento de las Aguas Residuales
Get PDFThe goal of the project is to analyze the effect of the hydrological policy on the technological change of infrastructure for the treatment of sewage waters in Distrito Federal on the lapse time from 1970 to 2010, specifically on the Cerro de la Estrella plant. On this case, the hypothesis that environmental regulations generate positive effects on the technological development and favour the innovation has not been met. The plant of study has an obsolete infrastructure, centered on the efficiency on the treatment of sewage waters for the recovery of water of industrial use and on not developing technologies
Women Scientists in the Leaking Pipeline: Barriers to the Commercialisation of Scientific Knowledge by Women
Get PDFThe modern literature explaining the under-representation of women in science often relate to the shortage of women ‘in the pipeline’. The pipeline flows from one stage to another, and the flow of women diminishes over the stages. Speaking of the stages of career during which women scientists ‘leak’ the most, the commercialisation of science as one of the ultimate stages should be taken into consideration. The primary objective of this paper is to discuss barriers to the commercialisation of scientific knowledge by women. The collected extensive literature allows to pinpoint the reason why scientific career or success fail to provide a springboard for the practical use of knowledge. Analysed research, indicate only some of the barriers, meanwhile this paper collects most of ‘experienced’ obstacles and shows them in ‘leaking pipeline’ context. Barriers originate in at least two sources: women themselves and external factors beyond women’s control
Test-Driven Development as an Innovation Value Chain
Get PDFFor all companies that consider their Information Technology Department to be of strategic value, it is important to incorporate an innovation value chain into their software development lifecycles to enhance their teams\u27 performance. One model is TDD (Test-Driven Development), which is a process that detects failures and improves the productivity and quality of the team’s work. Data were collected from a Financial Company with 3,500 employees to demonstrate that software projects that require more than 4,000 hours of development benefit from TDD if a clear knowledge conversion step occurs between the client and the developers
Un Modelo de Medición de Resultados en las Prácticas de Innovación Abierta
Get PDFThe main objective of this work consists of proposing a model that will allow measuring knowledge and the generation of organizational efficiencies in open innovation initiatives with customers. Besides we have tried to analyze another group of aspects needed to propose the model: the identification, selection and validation of indexes that measure the relational capital and organizational efficiencies. The model is composed by two parts: one in which we try to measure relational capital, and another one that measures the generation of organizational efficiencies. The model offered is a global one that can be applied to any industry where the customers are the centre of the innovation processes where the different agents interact. They decide how future uses of new products and services will take place
Maturity and Performance in Information Technology Project Management
Get PDFThis study concerns the relationship between the information technology (IT) project performance and the project management maturity of an organization. The research was developed from a survey of 185 respondents during 2010. Project performance was evaluated using the two first dimensions proposed by Shenhar et al (2001) – project efficiency and impact on the customer. Project management maturity was evaluated using the formalization level of project management processes described in PMBoK. Data were analyzed by statistical methods (factorial analysis, Cronbach´s alpha, cluster analysis and bivariate analysis) and showed that (i) organizations with superior maturity present superior performance in their projects and (ii) different maturity dimensions have distinct impacts on IT projects performance
The Sources of Competitive Advantage in University Spin-Offs: a Case Study
Get PDFUniversity Spin-Offs are incorporated to exploit the knowledge and skills achieved within Universities. Often, their competitive advantage is represented by specific know-how that may be hardly imitated by competitors. In this article we present an analysis of the intellectual capital assets owned by a University Spin-Off using a framework recently introduced in literature. The framework resorts to a series of structured interviews to key figures within the organization. The interviews are synthesized through the Analytic Network Process and the results are compared using graphical and cost/ benefit analyses. The implementation of the framework creates a useful panel for the planning of investments in intellectual capital assets in order to create value. Moreover, it may emphasize possible discrepancies among interviewees about the importance of each intellectual capital asset
Information Technology as the Main Competence in the Design of the Strategic Planning of Logistics Platforms
Get PDFThe creation of logistical support structures aims to help improve the performance of logistics along supply chains, a context where the Logistics Platforms have been gaining increasing prominence. A frequent difficulty in these ventures is to align strategic planning with the flow of cargo and the ability of the adjacent port areas. Aiming to contribute to the understanding of the importance of Information Technology in a Logistics Platform, this article systematize some of the operational core competencies of Logistics Platforms, inter-relating them with the strategic planning of these projects and showing their convergence to a solid information management structure. This study indicates the importance of this essential skill in the operation of a logistics enterprise and the preparation of its strategic plan, shown to be fundamental in the design of its operations, the adequacy of the enterprise to the region and to supply chains integrated into this environment