Journal of Technology Management & Innovation
Not a member yet
1015 research outputs found
Sort by
R&D and Innovation Management in the Brazilian Electricity Sector: the Regulatory Constraint
Get PDFIn 2000 it became mandatory to the Brazilian electricity companies to invest in research, development and innovation (RDI). These investments are performed by firms and regulated by the Brazilian Electricity Regulatory Agency (ANEEL). Since then companies have sought ways to cope with this obligation creating internal structures and managerial processes. This article presents the evolution of RDI management routines and organizational models based on a multiple-case study conducted between 2011 and 2012 with seven companies that represent about 27% of the total RDI investment performed in the period of 2008 to 2013. The research showed that firms created minimalist management and organizational structures to handle with the RDI enforcement. Companies have been much more concerned with the regulatory risk (the risk of non-accomplishment with the obligations) than to any strategic use of RDI effort since the legal framework is based on punishment rather than in stimulus
Accelerated Internationalization in Emerging Markets: Empirical Evidence from Brazilian Technology-Based Firms
Get PDFThis paper offers an analysis into the external factors influencing the accelerated internationalization of technology-based firms (TBFs) in the context of an emerging country, Brazil. This type of firm is typically called born global and has been reported mainly in high technology sectors and from developed countries. A survey was applied to small and medium Brazilian TBFs. Logistic regression was used to test the research hypotheses. The results suggest that new and small Brazilian technology-based firms, which followed an accelerated internationalization process, are most likely to be integrated into a global production chain. Results also show that TBFs which take more than five years to enter the international market, benefit more from the location in an innovation habitat, the partnerships in the home country, and the pro-internationalization government policies. Therefore, this research contributes to a better understanding of the phenomenon and points to new perspectives of studies
Inbound and Outbound Open Innovation: Organization and Performances
Get PDFThe aim of the paper is to analyse the relationships between the openness degree of companies and their 1) context features, 2) R&D organization and 3) financial performances. The openness degree is defined after a pecuniary approach, involving all the transactions in the innovation market. Hypotheses are formulated and, then, tested on a sample of 126 world top R&D spending bio-pharmaceutical companies for the period 2008-2012. Open innovation is more pervasive among small and young companies, for most of which it represents the very core business. Inbound and outbound practices have a similar diffusion in terms of number of companies adopting them, but the cumulative values of inbound flows are higher, whereas outbound flows are more relevant when compared to the total business of the firms. Inbound practices are substitutive to internal R&D activities, while outbound ones are complementary to internal development. The performances of companies have an inverted-U shape trend versus inbound practices and a fundamentally decreasing trend versus outbound ones
Innovación y Productividad Manufacturera
Get PDFAnalizamos el efecto de la innovación sobre la productividad en la empresa manufacturera española. Así identificamos y justificamos los siguientes factores de innovación que determinan la productividad: actividades de investigación y desarrollo (I+D), gastos I+D, patentes, innovaciones de producto, innovaciones de proceso, organización interna de la innovación, externalización de las actividades de I+D, financiación pública de los gastos de I+D y colaboración exterior de la innovación. Las conclusiones de este trabajo basado en un análisis de regresión múltiple para el año 2010 a nivel de empresa, demuestran que las innovaciones de proceso y las actividades de I+D (especialmente en actividades internalizadas) están en mejores condiciones de favorecer la productividad de la empresa manufacturera española.Analizamos el efecto de la innovación sobre la productividad en la empresa manufacturera española. Así identificamos y justificamos los siguientes factores de innovación que determinan la productividad: actividades de investigación y desarrollo (I+D), gastos I+D, patentes, innovaciones de producto, innovaciones de proceso, organización interna de la innovación, externalización de las actividades de I+D, financiación pública de los gastos de I+D y colaboración exterior de la innovación. Las conclusiones de este trabajo basado en un análisis de regresión múltiple para el año 2010 a nivel de empresa, demuestran que las innovaciones de proceso y las actividades de I+D (especialmente en actividades internalizadas) están en mejores condiciones de favorecer la productividad de la empresa manufacturera española
Innovación y Producción en la Industria Manufacturera: Estudio Comparativo de Cadenas Globales
Get PDFA new logic in the capitalist accumulation process has emerged in the last four decades. The hypothesis of the article is that this new logic expresses itself in the manufacturing industry through the increasing segmentation of product innovation and product manufacturing activities, and the integration of two alternative types of innovation activities: informational and aesthetic-expressive. Starting from an approach that combines different theoretical categories (global value chain, historical system of accumulation, disconnection between innovation and production capabilities) and a methodology based on the analysis of secondary sources of information, three productive chains have been studied: pharmaceutical, apparel and consumer electronics. The outcome of the research confirms the formulated hypothesis and allows us to detect specificities in the content of innovation, the constitution of entry barriers and the geographical dispersion in each chain.Desde hace cuatro décadas se verifica la emergencia de una nueva lógica de acumulación en el seno de la producción capitalista. La hipótesis del trabajo es que en la industria manufacturera esta nueva tendencia se expresa en la creciente segmentación de las etapas de innovación y fabricación de productos, acompañada de una integración de las variantes informacional y estético-expresiva en el plano de la innovación. A partir de un abordaje que combina diferentes categorías teóricas (cadenas de valor global, sistema histórico de acumulación, desacople entre capacidades de innovación y producción) y de una metodología basada en el análisis de fuentes secundarias, se estudiaron las cadenas farmacéutica, de indumentaria y de productos electrónicos de consumo. Los resultados alcanzados permitieron confirmar la hipótesis planteada y la detección de particularidades en materia de naturaleza de la innovación, constitución de barreras a la entrada y dispersión geográfica para cada cadena
Tax Incentives for Technological Business Innovation in Brazil: The Use of the Good Law - Lei do Bem (Law No. 11196/2005)
Get PDFThe Research & Development & technological innovation (RD&I) are among the main sources for the development and growth of developed and developing countries. To stimulate investment in RD&I by private companies, the government resorts to several mechanisms, such as financial and non-financial incentives, such as tax incentives. Thus, this work is aimed at analyzing, through an exploratory research with private companies from various sectors of the Brazilian economy, the use of tax incentives for RD&I in the private sector, set forth in the main public incentive mechanism for RD&I enforced by the Federal Government of Brazil - Lei do Bem. The findings show the importance of public policies to promote investment in RD&I in Brazilian private firms, but also highlight difficulties and improvement suggestions for the use of tax incentives provided for by the Good Law - Lei do Bem, which results in a number far below the expectations of the Federal Government of Brazil
Inserción Laboral de Nuevos Investigadores con Grado de Doctor en Chile
Get PDFThe formation of new highly trained human resources is considered a key factor for social, cultural and economic development. During the last years, Chile has made a significant effort to increase the amount of Ph.D researchers. Nevertheless, there is no evidence from the National Innovation System (NIS) regarding the insertion capacity for this duplicated population of new researchers in the local labor market. Under such point of view, public investment is eventually under risk, due to the sub-optimal conditions to absorb and employ these professionals in activities related to science research and technological development in Chile
Cognición de la Innovación Industrial en América Latina: Avances y Desafíos
Get PDFThis paper makes a comparative study and relational levels and technological advances that lead society to a more efficient use of productive resources and transform new ideas into viable solutions through products and services, paradigms and processes with development of the new technological revolution, innovation understood in this work as a new idea or approach applied in new ways to create value for the organization and other stakeholders in the good of humanity. The value of innovation requires organizations to develop internal technological capabilities and knowledge capacity. This article describes the process of how you can´t always see the results of empirical studies are consistent and in fact the lack of significance of innovation to productivity is not exclusive to Latin American economies. Discussion of how it can be due to different circumstances surrounding innovation and its effects in the long run , the fact that companies are far from the technological frontier and weak or no incentives to invest in innovation arises
Collaborative Innovation in Agrometeorology: Coordination Strategies to Develop a Monitoring IT System for Brazil
Get PDFThis case-study article presents the results from a morphology analysis of a knowledge and information network, focusing on the coordination mechanisms employed to generate a convergent arrangement. Agritempo was the first information system to offer (in 2003) free access to a broad range of agrometeorological data comprising all the Brazilian territory, representing an important technological innovation to the agricultural sector. To study this phenomenon an analytical framework of the Techno-Economic Network (TEN) and concepts from the Innovation Sociology field was employed. Results indicate that the durability of this arrangement – from 2003 to 2014 – can be explained by the effectiveness of the coordination strategies established in the network such as: trust based relationships; institutional and individual leadership actions; contracting; software applications and shared common working procedures
Characterization of the Relationship Between Firms and Universities and Innovation Performance: The Case of Colombian Firms
Get PDFWithin the National Innovation System, universities play a key role as the main source of knowledge that supports national productivity and as a system that seeks to improve the competitiveness of firms competitiveness and to find answers concerning market needs in today’s fast-changing and globalized economy. Innovation, as a source of competitiveness, is normally supported by a firm’s technological capabilities: internal R&D, external collaborative agreements, and relationships with universities. This study uses a cluster analysis to identify three clusters that represent respectively those firms that interact closely with universities for technology development (which include R&D projects) and technological learning activities, those firms that interact with universities for technological learning only, and those that do not have any kind of relationship with universities. We also analyze the innovation performance of each cluster. Data here come from the Second Colombian Innovation Survey, which was applied in 2005 to a sample of 6,222 firms. Among the main results, this study shows a higher innovation performance for those firms with relevant linkages for technology learning activities