Journal of Technology Management & Innovation
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Innovation Challenges in Latin America
Get PDFInnovation emerges as an option for companies to achieve growth and sustainability in a dynamic, complex and increasingly competitive environment. Thus, the innovation process has been analyzed from different perspectives, finding different definitions and classifications (Porter, 1998; Cooke, 2008; McCann and Ortega-Argiles, 2015; Geldes et al, 2017a).However, most innovation studies have focused on developed economies. In fact, in the case of Latin America, studies started late and are relatively scarce (Ketelhöhn and Ogliastri, 2013; Olavarrieta and Villena, 2014). In addition, it has been established that business innovation is determined by internal and external factors that are specific to each industrial sector and country, so those general recommendations can only be made to promote innovation in developing or emerging countries (Brenes et al, 2016; Geldes et al, 2017a; Heredia et al, 2018a). Moreover, there are specific variables in Latin American and emerging economies that affect innovation processes such as high levels of informal competition, low levels of inter-organizational cooperation, differences between companies in regions and capitals, among others (Pino et al, 2016; Brache and Felzensztein, 2017; Geldes et al, 2017b; Heredia et al, 2018b).Given the above, we propose this "special issue" of the Journal of Technology Management and Innovation (www.jotmi.org), with the purpose of contributing to the discussion of the challenges to promote innovation in Latin America. With the purpose of orienting the research proposals, we propose the Global Index of Innovation[1] as a framework, considering the disaggregation of its dimensions and components. It will allow shedding light on topics that can be addressed for this special issue oriented to the firm´s innovation, such as:InstitutionsEase of starting a businessEase of resolving insolvencyHuman Capital and ResearchResearchersGlobal R&D companiesInfrastructureUses and access of Information and Communication TechnologiesISO 14001 environmental certificatesMarket sophisticationEase of getting creditIntensity of local competitionDomestic market scaleBusiness sophisticationThe percentage of females employed with advanced degrees out of total employedUniversity/industry research collaborationIntellectual property paymentsResearch talent in business enterpriseKnowledge and technology outputsPatent applications by originNew business densityTotal computer software spendingHigh-tech exportsCreative outputs.Cultural and creative services exportsMobile app creation [1] https://www.globalinnovationindex.org/Hom
Do social networks and technological capabilities help knowledge management?
Get PDFDynamic capabilities are currently becoming an important extension of the theory of resources and capabilities that enables companies to adapt better in the current competitive environment. This paper examines how knowledge management, a dynamic function related to management or administration of a set of knowledge flows, develops thanks to the greater dynamism of social networks. It then shows how this relationship is especially strengthened by different technological capabilities. To achieve these goals, the paper examines the main tools that permit companies to develop an ability to achieve competitive advantage relative to the technological capabilities of managers and workers, social networks and knowledge management
Mapping impacts of open innovation practices in a firm competitiveness
Get PDFThis manuscript aims to understand how it is possible to improve the competitiveness of a company using open innovation practices and presents evidences that open innovation can be practice, especially regarding technologies adoption and actions involving partnerships and collaboration. The paper concludes, base in a case study of a ICT firm, that even with a partial degree of openness and an intermediate level of maturity, open innovation put into practice have contributed to technological development and increase company competitiveness in its activity sector. It also pointed out challenges in execution capacity, internal process improvements and partnership relations, but mainly challenge is breaking cultural barriers in open innovation implementation. Finally, a set of recommendations were proposed to expand actions based on open innovation management, upgrade innovation maturity level and increase competitive potential of the companies
Effects of informal competition on innovation performance: the case of pacific alliance
Get PDFThis study evaluates the impact of informal competition on the innovation performance of formal firms in emerging economies. A theoretical model under the strategy tripod framework is proposed. It analyzes the effects of Institutional factors as the quality of governance and market labor rigidities on innovation performance, and the mediating effect of informal competition. It is used the Causal Mediation Analysis with data from 3,268 companies from the World Bank Enterprise Survey from countries of the Pacific Alliance (Chile, Colombia, Mexico, and Peru). The results state that informal competition has a negative effect on the innovation performance of formal companies. Based on these findings, It is suggested some promising avenues for future research and managerial implications
La cooperación tecnológica universidad-empresa: el rol de la comunicación
Get PDFEl trabajo aborda la cooperación tecnológica entre universidad y empresa bajo el enfoque de redes, discutiendo la importancia del comportamiento de comunicación. Se analiza cómo la comunicación se relaciona con el éxito de la transferencia de conocimiento y si existen diferencias en la relación entre ambas variables en función de la modalidad bajo la que se desarrolla la cooperación. La aplicación empírica en España evidencia que una comunicación adecuada, oportuna, completa y creíble entre los miembros de la empresa y del equipo de investigación universitario se asocia positivamente con el éxito de la transferencia de conocimiento. Además, cuando el acuerdo se desarrolla bajo la forma de investigación cooperativa, se observa una mayor asociación entre el comportamiento de comunicación y el éxito de la transferencia de conocimiento. Así, se deriva la necesidad de que directivos e investigadores participantes en acuerdos de cooperación presten especial atención a la comunicación interorganizativa e intraorganizativa
An Institutional Framework to Explain the University-Industry Technology Transfer in a Public University of Mexico
Get PDFIn the last years, studies and modifications to the science and technology regulatory framework in Mexico show the increase in the attention to transfer the research results of professors and researchers from higher education institutions, towards the productive sector with the purpose of generating regional, national and international growth and development. This study has conducted to the search of the factors that determine the increase of linkage activities and technology transfer. Based on the literature review, this study develops a framework integrated with the factors considered that have a significantly impact in the university-industry linkage and technology transfer. The proposed independent variables are the following: Institutional Factors, Academic Profile, and Innovation
Study of the Start-Up Ecosystem in Lima, Peru: Analysis of Interorganizational Networks
Get PDFAccording to the literature, In the context of changes at a global level the formation of new businesses drives the economy, being important start-ups, which are linked to a community of entrepreneurs, mentors, incubators, accelerators, providers of common services, angel investors, venture capitalists, universities and public support entities, which together configure an ecosystem that is linked to other ecosystems. In this way, this work focuses on the Lima, Peru ecosystem with the aim of providing an understanding of the interorganizational networks that are established based on the analysis of the interactions that occur in the LinkedIn social network. Definitions, methodology, results and conclusions are presented
Impacto de los obstáculos al conocimiento en la innovación de las empresas chilenas
Get PDFImpact of Knowledge Obstacles on Chilean Firms´sInnovation Most of previous literature about innovation obstacles has focused on the impact financial constraints. In this paper, using the 8th Chilean Innovation Survey, we analyze the impact of knowledge obstacles on the probability of introducing innovations. Our results show that, dealing with endogeneity of the obstacles, these reduce the innovation probability in the Chilean firms. This impact is negative for both technological and non-technological innovations. Our findings have relevant policy implications, suggesting that policies not only have to be focused on financial constraints, but also on knowledge barriers such as availability of human resource and information about markets and new technologiesMost of previous literature about innovation obstacles has focused on the impact financial constraints. In this paper, using the 8th Chilean Innovation Survey, we analyze the impact of knowledge obstacles on the probability of introducing innovations. Our results show that, dealing with endogeneity of the obstacles, these reduce the innovation probability in the Chilean firms. This impact is negative for both technological and non-technological innovations. Our findings have relevant policy implications, suggesting that policies not only have to be focused on financial constraints, but also on knowledge barriers such as availability of human resource and information about markets and new technologie
Value contributions of the venture capitalist in Mexico: building an exit for the investment
Get PDFVenture capitalists provide money and non-monetary contributions to high-growth ventures to help them become great companies. Although it is known that these contributions have an impact on the growth of the firm, little is known in Mexico of their nature, how they get into the venture, and how they contribute to the development of the company. The present article reports a proposed substantive theory that explains how the venture capitalist work hand in hand with the entrepreneur to grow the company. This substantive theory emerged from data collected through interviews to nine venture capitalists and nine entrepreneurs, and analyzed as proposed by the grounded theory methodology. The resulting substantive theory acknowledges that contributions of venture capitalists, often called value-added, are relative to building an exit for the investment
A systematic review of technology adoption frameworks and their applications
Get PDFThe Technology Acceptance Model and the Theory of Planned Behavior have demonstrated pioneering research efforts within the research domain of innovation adoption concerning new technologies. This study consolidated an in-depth literature review of both theoretical frameworks, covering their roots and development over the years within the scholarly community. Also, we reviewed the applicability of these frameworks within the context of emerging technologies of the information age. After a thorough literature review, we concluded that both frameworks are widely used and applicable to various emerging technologies and continue to remain instrumental in the research domain of innovation adoption