Journal of Technology Management & Innovation
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Perspectives on The Techno-Economic Analysis of Carbon Capture and Storage
Get PDFCarbon capture and storage (CCS) is required in order to reduce the impact of fossil fuel burning on global warming and the resulting climate change. The use of CCS technology offers much promise in regard to the capture of major levels of waste carbon dioxide produced from the burning of fossil fuels for electricity generation and from industrial processes. Crucial to the development of CCS technology is the need for improved decision-making tools to underpin sustainable investment and associated policy initiatives for CCS technology and infrastructure. Consequently, this paper provides the results from the techno-economic analysis of CCS. This includes regression modelling of the levelized cost of electricity for power generation via combined cycle gas turbine both with and without CCS. In order to inform future research in the area, a supporting CCS research agenda has been formulated
The Relationship between Trade Unions and Innovation in Chile.
No full textThis article examines how and to what extent unions affect companies\u27 innovation in Chile. It contributes to the existing literature in the following two aspects: First, because it widens the scope of analysis focusing in a developing country that is characterized by some specificities regarding the innovation as well the union landscape. Second, because this paper takes into account the effect of unions in the different types of innovation proposed in the Oslo Manual by OECD. Results show that unions do not affect product and process innovation while influence to organizational innovation and marketing in a non-linear way
R&D Tax Incentives: How Do They Impact Portuguese Start-ups?
Get PDFIn this work, a comparison between start-up companies’ performance is made based on the way they use the Portuguese R&D tax credit program. From the analysis of the results, it is possible to verify that companies that benefit from this program have a distinct behavior from those that do not, either in what regards financial performance, the weight of the intangible assets in the company or in what regards the quality and value added of the jobs created. It is also possible to find that beneficiary companies mix the tax credits with the use of European, national and regional grants, thus mixing the funding available to support their Research, Development and Innovation activities
Factores del Ecosistema de Emprendimiento de Lima que Explican el Crecimiento y Desarrollo de Startups
No full textLos ecosistemas de emprendimiento impulsan la competitividad de las startups y estas, a su vez, contribuyen al progreso y bienestar socio-económico. Por ello, el interés en estudiar los componentes del ecosistema de emprendimiento de Lima que inciden en el crecimiento y desarrollo de startups. En febrero 2017, una muestra de 137 startups vinculadas a Innóvate Perú, respondieron un cuestionario. Posteriormente se efectuó un análisis factorial exploratorio –con método ACP– un análisis de clústeres, un ANOVA unidireccional y tablas cruzadas. Se identificaron dos componentes y tres clústeres, caracterizados por la antigüedad y el sector productivo de la startup. Los hallazgos sugieren que la incidencia de los componentes, depende de la fase del proceso de emprendimiento en que se encuentre la startup.Los ecosistemas de emprendimiento son importantes para el crecimiento y desarrollo de startups, y son específicos para cada localidad. Por ello, el interés en estudiar el ecosistema de emprendimiento de Lima-Perú. En febrero de 2017 se aplicó un cuestionario a una muestra de 137 emprendedores-fundadores de startups. Se realizó un análisis factorial exploratorio de componentes principales (ACP), un análisis de clústeres, un ANOVA unidireccional y tablas cruzadas. Los resultados identifican dos factores –social y material- en base a los cuales resultan tres categorías de startups, caracterizadas por la antigüedad de la empresa y el sector productivo al que pertenecen. Estos hallazgos permitirán desarrollar instrumentos de apoyo específicos para startups de cada ciudad, sector productivo y etapa del proceso emprendedor
Portfolio Evaluation of Academic Patent: A Proposal to Brazil
Get PDFIn the current context of scarce financial resources, technology transfer offices are pressured to find ways to increase revenues through technology transfers or reduce expenses with their portfolio of technologies, especially patents. The Patent assessment seeks to detect the market potential of patents for transfer through licensing, abandonment, or maintenance. In this context, the objective of this study is to validate the leading indicators used in the patent evaluation to develop a framework for evaluating academic patent portfolio in the Brazilian context. For this, we used mapping and analysis methods of the current models besides focus group consultations, exploratory factorial analysis, and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to validate the indicators. The results show that seven factors are determinant in the evaluation of academic patents, having positive implications for the management of Intellectual Property since technology transfer decision-makers can use the factors and their identified weights as value indicators to evaluate patents with the most significant market potential
Exploration and Exploitation in Latin American Firms: The Determinants of Organizational Ambidexterity and The Country Effect
Get PDFIn this article, we explore the determinants of organizational ambidexterity across Latin American countries -Chile, Ecuador, and Peru- from innovation surveys of 2,786 manufacturing companies. The study introduces valuable information on ambidextrous organizations in emerging economies, contrasting to traditional literature frequently focusing on developed countries. Findings confirm the importance to measure ambidexterity in a multidimensional perspective, relating exploration to radical innovation, and breaking down exploitation into incremental exploitation, related to incremental innovation and repetitive exploitation related to operational efficiency. This work also finds that higher GDP per capita relates to higher exploration and exploitation ability of firms and supported our hypotheses that political and economic uncertainty of each country impact on organizational ambidexterity. Additionally, we expand on Diaz-Molina´s model (2018), on the relationship between strategic and operational absorptive capacity on ambidexterity by validating his findings across several countries and uncovering a positive interaction term between strategic and operational absorptive capacity when both impact on ambidexterity
Technological Extension Networks and Regional Development: A Case Study In Brazil
Get PDFThis paper outlines the performance of the recent policies to strengthen the Brazilian productive structure and to support the country’s innovation. The method selected for the analysis is the case study. Based on bibliographic, documental, and empirical evidences, the objective of the present study is to investigate the effectiveness of the Brazilian Technology System (SIBRATEC), founded in 2007. The effectiveness of this system will be assessed through an outline of the institutional arrangement of the Technological Extension Network in Rio de Janeiro (SIBRATEC-ET Rede RJ) which supports competitiveness of micro, small and medium industrial enterprises (MPMEs) in the state of Rio de Janeiro. Results indicate that the institutional aspects of the arrangement do not contribute to facilitate the support to enterprises. The levels of efficiency and efficacy achieved with the use of the available technical-administrative state capabilities have failed to correspond to the expectation of providing consistent support to the state’s industrial base. However, the instruments SIBRATEC-ET Rede RJ uses to assist local MPMEs are flexible and designed aiming to adjust to the identified enterprises’ demands, which evidences great adherence in the provision of support to improve the performance and the capacities of enterprises, in order to reach the level of key-technologies
Stakeholders’ Contribution towards Responsible Innovation in Information and Communication Technology Research Projects
Get PDFInformation and Communication Technology (ICT) research projects engage stakeholders who contribute towards different aspects of research and innovation. One of the aspects that stakeholders contribute towards in ICT research projects is responsibility. There is a need for those engaged in ICT research projects to take into consideration the impacts of their activities on society as part of responsible research and innovation (RRI) through finding solutions to emerging societal problems and developing sustainable processes of carrying out research and innovation. In this paper, the focus is two-fold. Firstly, I focus on understanding how stakeholders are identified to contribute towards responsibility in ICT research projects and secondly, I focus on how stakeholders contribute towards responsibility in such projects. I conducted an interpretive case study in which data were collected by semi-structured interviews with 11 stakeholders from two ICT research projects. Through thematic data analysis, their perceptions and understanding of their contribution towards responsibility were conceived. From the study findings, I established that there are problems in understanding the meaning of term ‘responsibility’ among stakeholders which later affects the identification of roles that deal with it. Despite the ambiguity of the meaning, I found that stakeholders contribute towards responsibility in many ways although there are barriers that affect their contribution
Input, Output, and Behavioral Additionality of Innovation Subsidies
Get PDFUsing a Conditional Difference in Difference procedure and data for Colombia, we determine if firms that receive subsidies to innovation in the period 2010-2016 present additionality on input, output, and behavioral innovation variables. We found that there are differences among the additionalities of small and medium firms (SMEs) and big firms, and the existence of a crowding-out effect for internal R&D expenditures in SMEs. At the same time, we found additionality on R&D employment for all types of firms and the presence of experience effects introduced by subsidies, especially for SMEs. These effects are related to positive additionalities. At the same time, we cannot find additionality effects on patents and trademarks. However, we found negative additionality on sales of big companies that we relate with the way we measure this variable
Perceived Function: An Investigation into a Product Advantage between Aesthetics and Function
Get PDFThis study involved an empirical comparison of product competitiveness driven by aesthetic and technological innovations in a mature market. This study began with a theoretical idea that users may perceive and evaluate technology development through the visible form of a product. Statistical analyses of user reviews of digital cameras showed that the impact of technology development on competitiveness was greater than that of aesthetic changes. The results demonstrated that users did not leverage product appearance for the recognition of technology development. Moreover, the findings show that specification information had a greater influence on product advantage when users did not visually perceive technological improvement. These results may indicate that manufacturers have not yet fully exploited product design for maximising product advantage in the mature market