Journal of Technology Management & Innovation
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Vigilancia Tecnológica Aplicada a Nanociencia y Nanotecnología en Países de Latinoamérica
Get PDFTrends and last advances in science and technology require the application of modern tools and techniques to generate structured and useful knowledge.
The present status and the dynamics of the information in the actual field can be accessed through processes of technological survey, capture, processing, analysis and visualization of information. With this purpose, we performed a scientometric study of the Chilean scientific production. Another Latin American countries and other three countries overseas were also taken into account as a reference to Chilean scientific reality. The study was lead by Dr. Patricio Vargas from the Physics department of the Universidad Tecnica Federico Santa Maria.
The study included the scientific productivity in indexed journals throughout the last 10 years. The searched areas were nanoscience and nanotechnology, constituting the knowledge-corpus that were analyzed and mapped with data mining tools.
The main conclusion of this work is that the actual quantity of scientist working in nanoscience is insufficient to reach technological development in the near future. In order to design scientific policies in areas such as nanoscience and nanotechnology, as well as in other technological areas, one of the main recommendations that emerge from this work is that this kind of survey techniques have to be applied in a systematic and continuous way by the people involved in science and technology policy.La permanente necesidad de conocer los últimos avances de la ciencia y las tendencias tecnológicas requieren de la aplicación de modernas herramientas y técnicas para la generación de conocimiento.
A través del proceso de Vigilancia Tecnológica, de captura, tratamiento, análisis y visualización de la información, es posible obtener el estado actual y la dinámica experimentada por el área de estudio a través de los años. Precisamente, con este propósito se realizó un estudio cienciométrico de la producción científica de Chile, otros países latinoamericanos y tres países referentes, dirigido por el académico Patricio Vargas, del Departamento de Física de la Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María.
En este estudio se utilizó la producción científica en revistas indexadas a través de los últimos 10 años en el área de la nanociencia y nanotecnología, para crear los corpus de información que fueron analizados y mapeados con herramientas de Datamining.
Como conclusión general se reconoce que la cantidad de científicos activos en nanociencias es insuficiente como para alcanzar un desarrollo tecnológico a corto plazo. La necesidad de aplicar estas técnicas de manera sistemática para el diseño de las políticas nacionales en nanociencia y nanotecnología, así como en otras áreas del conocimiento, es una de las principales recomendaciones de este trabajo.Trends and last advances in science and technology require the application of modern tools and techniques to generate structured and useful knowledge.
The present status and the dynamics of the information in the actual field can be accessed through processes of technological survey, capture, processing, analysis and visualization of information. With this purpose, we performed a scientometric study of the Chilean scientific production. Another Latin American countries and other three countries overseas were also taken into account as a reference to Chilean scientific reality. The study was lead by Dr. Patricio Vargas from the Physics department of the Universidad Tecnica Federico Santa Maria.
The study included the scientific productivity in indexed journals throughout the last 10 years. The searched areas were nanoscience and nanotechnology, constituting the knowledge-corpus that were analyzed and mapped with data mining tools.
The main conclusion of this work is that the actual quantity of scientist working in nanoscience is insufficient to reach technological development in the near future. In order to design scientific policies in areas such as nanoscience and nanotechnology, as well as in other technological areas, one of the main recommendations that emerge from this work is that this kind of survey techniques have to be applied in a systematic and continuous way by the people involved in science and technology policy
Análise da Emergência da TV Digital e seus Impactos na Cadeia Produtiva Eletroeletrônica Brasileira
Get PDFThe aim of this paper is to present and discuss the main technological trends concerning to the process of the introduction of Digital TV in the Brazilian market and its implications in terms of a new electro-electronic complex configuration, considering that this process could be understand a great industrial innovation. In this sense one tries to search the implications of this innovation to the inter-companies competitiveness process and to the electro-electronic productive chain re-configuration as a whole. The methodological approach involves multiple methods of research used to capture data from the stakeholders, like: the companies involved in production of integrated Digital TV or set-top boxes, Brazilian broadcasters and representatives of the government.The aim of this paper is to present and discuss the main technological trends concerning to the process of the introduction of Digital TV in the Brazilian market and its implications in terms of a new electro-electronic complex configuration, considering that this process could be understand a great industrial innovation. In this sense one tries to search the implications of this innovation to the inter-companies competitiveness process and to the electro-electronic productive chain re-configuration as a whole. The methodological approach involves multiple methods of research used to capture data from the stakeholders, like: the companies involved in production of integrated Digital TV or set-top boxes, Brazilian broadcasters and representatives of the government.O objetivo deste artigo é apresentar e discutir as principais tendências tecnológicas em relação ao processo de introdução da TV digital no mercado brasileiro e suas implicações em termos da nova configuração do complexo eletroeletrônico, considerando que esse processo pode ser entendido como uma grande inovação industrial. Nesse sentido, procura-se estudar as implicações dessa inovação no processo de competitividade inter-empresarial e na re-configuração da cadeia produtiva eletroeletrônica no geral. A abordagem metodológica envolve múltiplos métodos de pesquisa, utilizados na obtenção de informações junto aos vários parceiros de negócio, como as companhias envolvidas na produção da TV digital integrada ou set-top boxes, emissoras brasileiras de televisão e representantes do governo
Knowledge transfer opportunities for the bioscience sector in Chile.
Get PDFIn this article, the movement of knowledge and discoveries that take place in Chile, between academia and industry is reviewed. Examples of knowledge transfer activities, such as training, consultancy, contract and collaborative research as well as licensing relating to Chile’s bioscience sector are presented. In addition, a knowledge transfer ‘fitness’ index of Chile’s six leading universities is derived and analyzed. As a result, an approach for obtaining efficient knowledge transfer activities tailored to the biotechnology industry in Chile is proposed. Indeed, it is recommended that universities that lack intellectual property rights or knowledge transfer capacity concentrate their efforts in developing tailor made consultancy services, focused on biotechnology projects that could be turned into research collaborations with biotechnology companies. Finally, a number of useful information resources about the developments currently taking place in the biotechnology sector in Chile as well as a detail description of the mutual long term benefits of research collaborations to industry and academia are offered.En este artículo, la transferencia de conocimiento y de los descubrimientos que se realizan en Chile, entre la academia y la industria. Ejemplos de actividades de transferencia tecnológica, tales como entrenamiento, consultorías, contratos e investigación colaborativa como también el licenciamiento relacionado con el sector de las Biociencias en Chile son presentados. Adicionalmente se presenta un índice de “salud” de transferencia del conocimiento derivado del análisis de las seis Universidades líderes. Como resultado, se propone una aproximación para la obtención de actividades eficientes de transferencia tecnológica, ajustadas a la industria biotecnológica chilena. Así también se recomienda que las Universidades que carecen de derechos de propiedad intelectual o de capacidad de transferencia tecnológica, concentren sus esfuerzos en el desarrollo de servicios de consultoría, enfocados en los proyectos de biotecnología que podrían transformarse en investigaciones colaborativas con las compañías biotecnológicas. Finalmente, se ofrecen un número de fuentes de información útil acerca de los desarrollos que usualmente toman lugar en el sector biotecnológico en Chile, como también una descripción en detalle de los beneficios mutuos a largo plazo de las investigaciones colaborativas.In this article, the movement of knowledge and discoveries that take place in Chile, between academia and industry is reviewed. Examples of knowledge transfer activities, such as training, consultancy, contract and collaborative research as well as licensing relating to Chile’s bioscience sector are presented. In addition, a knowledge transfer ‘fitness’ index of Chile’s six leading universities is derived and analyzed. As a result, an approach for obtaining efficient knowledge transfer activities tailored to the biotechnology industry in Chile is proposed. Indeed, it is recommended that universities that lack intellectual property rights or knowledge transfer capacity concentrate their efforts in developing tailor made consultancy services, focused on biotechnology projects that could be turned into research collaborations with biotechnology companies. Finally, a number of useful information resources about the developments currently taking place in the biotechnology sector in Chile as well as a detail description of the mutual long term benefits of research collaborations to industry and academia are offered
Avaliação de Desempenho de Projetos de Data Warehouse
Get PDFThis article presents a proposal of methodology of evaluation of performance for the project of creation of Data Warehouse (DW) of Sebrae MG. A DW is a great corporative data base fed by information systems does business, many distinct times in formats and architectures, very increasing in the time, integrated and guided to the business whose function and to support the managemental decisions (IMMON, 1996). The evaluation methodology proposal is bases on three elements - people, process and techniques (RUBIO and BIRTH, 2005) - and uses the conceptualization of performance of projects of Shenhar (2001). Destarte, the judgment on the degree the success (or failure) of a project of Data Warehouse (DW) will depend on the perception of the involved ones (stake holders) and of the different moments where the evaluation (re) is made. The evaluation of performance of DW projects if initiates during the development of the project and if it extends after until its conclusion. In the phases you initiate, is looked to identify necessities of correction of route to also guarantee the benefits of short term and, by means of estimates of future impacts, of medium and long run.This article presents a proposal of methodology of evaluation of performance for the project of creation of Data Warehouse (DW) of Sebrae MG. A DW is a great corporative data base fed by information systems does business, many distinct times in formats and architectures, very increasing in the time, integrated and guided to the business whose function and to support the managemental decisions (IMMON, 1996). The evaluation methodology proposal is bases on three elements - people, process and techniques (RUBIO and BIRTH, 2005) - and uses the conceptualization of performance of projects of Shenhar (2001). Destarte, the judgment on the degree the success (or failure) of a project of Data Warehouse (DW) will depend on the perception of the involved ones (stake holders) and of the different moments where the evaluation (re) is made. The evaluation of performance of DW projects if initiates during the development of the project and if it extends after until its conclusion. In the phases you initiate, is looked to identify necessities of correction of route to also guarantee the benefits of short term and, by means of estimates of future impacts, of medium and long run.Este artigo apresenta uma proposta de metodologia de avaliação de desempenho para o projeto de criação do Data Warehouse (DW) do Sebrae MG. Um DW é um grande banco de dados corporativo alimentado por sistemas de informação transacionais, muitas vezes em formatos e arquiteturas muito distintas, crescente no tempo, integrado e orientado ao negócio cuja função e suportar as decisões gerenciais (IMMON, 1996).
A metodologia de avaliação proposta está baseia em três elementos – pessoas, processo e técnicas (RUBIO e NASCIMENTO, 2005) – e usa a conceituação de desempenho de projetos de Shenhar (2001). Destarte, o juízo sobre o grau o sucesso (ou fracasso) de um projeto de Data Warehouse (DW) dependerá da percepção dos envolvidos (stake holders) e dos diferentes momentos em que a avaliação é (re) feita.
A avaliação de desempenho de projetos de DW se inicia durante o desenvolvimento do projeto e se estende até após sua conclusão. Nas fases inicias, procura-se identificar necessidades de correção de rumo para a garantir os benefícios de curto prazo e também, por meio de estimativas de impactos futuros, os de médio e longo prazo
Mentoring & Coaching. IT Perspective.
Get PDFThe development of the intellectual capital of the corporations nowadays represents one of the most significant challenges for the managers of and one of the most fertile fields for the enterpreneurial innovation. The present article shows a vision over two of the techniques of formation of people with greater impact at the present time: the Mentoring and the Coaching. Both terms have been object of debates regarding to their applications, existing, in spite of their notoriety, great confusion on their differences and possible applications. The article reviews the origin of the concepts, its differences and similarities and explores with depth, the applications of it in the field of the Management of the Technologies of the Information.El desarrollo de capital intelectual de las corporaciones hoy en día representa uno de los desafíos más significantes para los gestores, y uno de los campos más fértiles para la innovación emprendedora. El presente artículo muestra una visión acerca dos de las técnicas de formación de recursos humanos con amplio impacto hoy en día: el Mentoring y el Coaching. Ambos términos han sido objeto de debates relacionados con sus aplicaciones, existiendo, en desmedro de su notoriedad, gran confusión en sus diferencias y posibles aplicaciones. Se revisa el origen de ambos conceptos, sus diferencias y similitudes, y se explora en profundidad, las aplicaciones de éstos en el campo de la Gestión de Tecnologías de la InformaciónThe development of the intellectual capital of the corporations nowadays represents one of the most significant challenges for the managers of and one of the most fertile fields for the enterpreneurial innovation. The present article shows a vision over two of the techniques of formation of people with greater impact at the present time: the Mentoring and the Coaching. Both terms have been object of debates regarding to their applications, existing, in spite of their notoriety, great confusion on their differences and possible applications. The article reviews the origin of the concepts, its differences and similarities and explores with depth, the applications of it in the field of the Management of the Technologies of the Information
Podcast
No full textThe following podcast shows an interview in mp3 format made to Dr. Paul Nightingle, Senior Fellow and Senior Lecturer from SPRU-Freeman Centre (University of Sussex- United Kingdom), Visitor Lecturer in the course Technology Change Management, from the Technology Management Master Degree (Universidad de Talca-Chile). In this occasion Dr. Nightingale answers some questions from Sergio Diez de Medina, JOTMI Managing Editor, discussing the role of policies in science, technology and innovation.El siguiente podcast muestra una entrevista en formato mp3 hecha al Dr. Paul Nightingale, Senior Fellow y Senior Lecturer del SPRU-Freeman Centre (Universidad de Sussex- Reino Unido), Profesor Invitado del curso de Gestión del Cambio Tecnológico del Magíster de Gestión Tecnológica (Universidad de Talca-Chile). En ésta ocasión el Dr. Nightingale responde algunas preguntas de Sergio Diez de Medina, Managing Editor de JOTMI, discutiendo temas del rol de las políticas en ciencia, tecnología e innovación.The following podcast shows an interview in mp3 format made to Dr. Paul Nightingle, Senior Fellow and Senior Lecturer from SPRU-Freeman Centre (University of Sussex- United Kingdom), Visitor Lecturer in the course Technology Change Management, from the Technology Management Master Degree (Universidad de Talca-Chile). In this occasion Dr. Nightingale answers some questions from Sergio Diez de Medina, JOTMI Managing Editor, discussing the role of policies in science, technology and innovation
GMO Technology. Venezuelans\u27 Consumers Perceptions: Situation in Caracas
Get PDFThe main benefits generated by the genetically modified organisms (GMO`s) include greater yields harvested, foods with greater content of nutrients, vaccines, resistant plants to virus or plagues and resistant plant to high levels of salts in ground. However, there is a controversial discussion regarding its acceptation and welcoming and is missing information in regard the topic especially in developing countries. The purpose of this study is to measure the level of knowledge or acceptance towards GMO’s and biotechnology by consumer from Caracas, Venezuela. The researchers will use a survey that was previously applied to consumers from USA, Japan and some other South American countries. The results of the study demonstrated that Venezuelan’ consumers are misinformed about this topic; however, they are more informed about microbial contamination and pesticides than other topics.El principal beneficio generado por los organismos genéticamente modificados (OGM) incluyen el aumento del rendimiento de las cosechas, alimentos con mayor contenido nutricional, vacunas, plantas resistentes a virus o plagas y a altos niveles de sales en los suelos. Sin embargo, existe una discusión controversial en relación a su aceptación y a la carencia de información con respecto al tema particular de los países en desarrollo. El propósito del siguiente estudio es de medir el nivel de conocimiento y aceptación de los OGM y la biotecnología por parte de los consumidores en Caracas, Venezuela. Los investigadores emplearon un sondeo aplicado previamente a consumidores de Estados Unidos, Japón y algunos países Sudamericanos. Los resultados del estudio demuestran que los consumidores Venezolanos están pobremente informados acerca de éste tema; sin embargo están mayormente informados acerca de la contaminación microbiana y pesticidas por sobre el resto de los tópicos.The main benefits generated by the genetically modified organisms (GMO`s) include greater yields harvested, foods with greater content of nutrients, vaccines, resistant plants to virus or plagues and resistant plant to high levels of salts in ground. However, there is a controversial discussion regarding its acceptation and welcoming and is missing information in regard the topic especially in developing countries. The purpose of this study is to measure the level of knowledge or acceptance towards GMO’s and biotechnology by consumer from Caracas, Venezuela. The researchers will use a survey that was previously applied to consumers from USA, Japan and some other South American countries. The results of the study demonstrated that Venezuelan’ consumers are misinformed about this topic; however, they are more informed about microbial contamination and pesticides than other topics
Obtendo Competitividade Através da Logística Reversa: Estudo de Caso em uma Madeireira.
Get PDFThe reverse logistics make possible the return of residues to productive and/or business cycle. The present study has as objective to analyse the practices of a wood industry regarding to the residues and the ecological, lawful, and economic returns, obtained with the application of the reverse logistics concepts in the business environment. The technical procedure adopted was the case study. The data collection was made through the direct observation and interviews with the people in charge of the production and logistics sectors. The main results found were: the residues generated returns to the productive cycle obeying the environmental legislation, transforming itself in raw material again. The lawful revaluing of wood residues obtain competitiveness to company, because solve the residues destination problem providing the return for productive and business cycle, thus aggregating economic, lawful and ecological value to the wood residues.La logística reversa hace posible el retorno de residuos al ciclo productivo y al ciclo de negocios. El siguiente estudio tiene por objetivo analizar las prácticas empleadas en la industria forestal relacionada a los residuos en el marco ecológico, legal, con respecto a los retornos económicos, obteniendo con la aplicación de la logística reversa conceptos en los negocios ambientales. El procedimiento técnico adoptado en este estudio de casos fue la recolección de datos realizada a través de la observación directa y de entrevistas con personas a cargo de los sectores de producción y logística. Los principales resultados encontrados fueron: los residuos generados retornan al ciclo productivo obedeciendo la legislación ambiental, transformándolos de ésta manera en materia prima nuevamente. La validación legal de los residuos forestales brinda competitividad a la compañía, debido a que resuelve el problema de la destinación de los residuos retornándolos al ciclo productivo, agregando valor económico, legal y ecológico a dichos residuos.A logística reversa torna possível o retorno dos resíduos ao ciclo produtivo e/ou de negócios. O presente estudo teve como objetivo a análise das práticas de uma indústria madeireira com relação a seus resíduos industrias e os retornos econômicos, legais e ecológicos, obtidos com a aplicação dos conceitos de logística reversa no ambiente empresarial. O procedimento técnico adotado foi o estudo de caso, a coleta de dados foi feita através da observação direta e entrevistas com os responsáveis das áreas de produção, logística e meio ambiente. Os principais resultados encontrados foram: os resíduos gerados retornam ao ciclo produtivo obedecendo à legislação ambiental vigente, transformando-se novamente em matéria prima. A revalorização legal dos resíduos de pós-consumo é uma forma de obtenção de competitividade, pois, resolve o problema da destinação dos resíduos garantindo o seu retorno ao ciclo produtivo e de negócios agregando dessa forma, valor econômico, legal e ecológico aos mesmos
Políticas para el Desarrollo de Empresas Biotecnológicas en Latinoamérica con miras al Bicentenario: El Caso de Chile
Get PDFArticle in Spanish
Most of the latin american countries, between 2010 and 2015, Hill celebrate 200 years of independence and most of them Project to live this milestone with characteristics of Developed country. In Chile, the challenge has taken seriously by several institutions and is projected that, in 2010, the Chilean economy will be based on the knowledge and the innovation. Chile, with the credit support of international bank institutions, and also the savings product principally of the highest copper prices, framed in a organized expense policy, wish to invest a lot more that the historic Science and Technology (C&T) (CONICYT, 2006).La mayoría de los países latinoamericanos, entre el 2010 y el 2025, cumplirán los 200 años de independencia y muchos de ellos esperan vivir este acontecimiento con atuendos de país desarrollado. En Chile, el desafío ha sido tomado muy en serio por diversas instituciones y se espera que, en el 2010, la economía chilena se base, efectivamente, en el conocimiento y la innovación. Chile, con el apoyo crediticio de instituciones bancarias internacionales y los ahorros, producto de los elevados precios del cobre dentro de una política de gasto ordenada, desea invertir mucho más de lo que ha sido el gasto histórico en Ciencia y Tecnología (C&T) (CONICYT, 2006).La mayoría de los países latinoamericanos, entre el 2010 y el 2025, cumplirán los 200 años de independencia y muchos de ellos esperan vivir este acontecimiento con atuendos de país desarrollado. En Chile, el desafío ha sido tomado muy en serio por diversas instituciones y se espera que, en el 2010, la economía chilena se base, efectivamente, en el conocimiento y la innovación. Chile, con el apoyo crediticio de instituciones bancarias internacionales y los ahorros, producto de los elevados precios del cobre dentro de una política de gasto ordenada, desea invertir mucho más de lo que ha sido el gasto histórico en Ciencia y Tecnología (C&T) (CONICYT, 2006)
An Approach for e-inclusion: Bringing illiterates and disabled people into play
Get PDFIn emergent economies, the continued process of digitalizing the ICTs, summed up with some sociocultural particularies and porvety, contributes to cleave the society into two groups: the connected and the increasingly more disconnected or socially excluded. However, efforts to effectively narrow this kind of divide transcends the provision of access to web and other digital networks, mainly if the attention is focused on people with disabilities and lack of literacy. For these social groups, accessibility and intelligibility are the key barriers to e-society. A manner to mitigate then is the objective of an ongoing research project in which we are engaged and that comprises the elaboration and application of a methodology for developing solutions to e-inclusion in Brazil. This paper presents the central aspects of such an appoach, focusing on some activities which go beyond the connectivity provision and may help the most “excludeds” in bridging the divide.En las economías emergentes, el continuo proceso de digitalización de las TICs, en adición a algunas particularidades socioculturales y la pobreza, contribuye a dividir la sociedad en dos grupos: los conectados y los cada vez más desconectados o socialmente excluidos. Sin embargo, esfuerzos para efectivamente estrechar esta división trasciende la provisión de acceso a la web y otras redes digitales, principalmente si la atención está enfocada a personas con discapacidades y analfabetismo. Para estos grupos sociales, la accesibilidad e inteligibilidad son barreras para el ingreso a una sociedad electrónica. Una manera de mitigar este problema es teniendo como objetivo una investigación de avanzada, la cual tenga un compromiso y contacto con la elaboración y aplicación de una metodología para el desarrollo de soluciones y de inclusión electrónica en Brasil. Este trabajo presenta los aspectos centrales de tal aproximación, enfoscándose en algunas actividades que van más allá de la conectividad, provisión y una posibilidad de conectar a los excluidos de éste sistemaIn emergent economies, the continued process of digitalizing the ICTs, summed up with some sociocultural particularies and porvety, contributes to cleave the society into two groups: the connected and the increasingly more disconnected or socially excluded. However, efforts to effectively narrow this kind of divide transcends the provision of access to web and other digital networks, mainly if the attention is focused on people with disabilities and lack of literacy. For these social groups, accessibility and intelligibility are the key barriers to e-society. A manner to mitigate then is the objective of an ongoing research project in which we are engaged and that comprises the elaboration and application of a methodology for developing solutions to e-inclusion in Brazil. This paper presents the central aspects of such an appoach, focusing on some activities which go beyond the connectivity provision and may help the most “excludeds” in bridging the divide