DEPIK Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Perairan, Pesisir dan Perikanan
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Anticalculi and antibacterial activity of methanol extract of Holothuria atra
Full text linkSea cucumbers are a type of marine organism with significant economic worth and potential applications as nutraceuticals. This marine organism possesses possibly useful chemicals, making it a viable alternative for the fisheries product processing businesses. The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy of the methanol extract of Holothuria atra in preventing the formation of calculi and its ability to inhibit the growth of bacteria. Extraction was performed using the maceration method with methanol as the solvent over a period of 72 hours The analysis revealed the presence of four bioactive components in the methanol fraction: alkaloid, triterpenoids, flavonoids, and saponins. In vitro anticalculi activity was assessed by measuring the decomposition of kidney stones (Ca) using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). The maximum decline of calcium stones was regarded at a concentration of 500 ppm of sea cucumber extract. The disc diffusion method was employed to assess the antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The inhibition zone diameter was measured at all concentrations (25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%), indicating their potential as antibacterial agents. The greatest level of antibacterial effectiveness against Escherichia coli was observed at a concentration of 50%, resulting in a zone of inhibition of 1.90 mm. In contrast, the most significant antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus was observed at a concentration of 25%, resulting in a zone of inhibition measuring 4.50 mm.Keywords:Holothuria atraExtractMethanolAnticalculiAntibacteri
Effect of microalgae (Tetraselmis chui Butcher 1959) on growth and survival of nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus Linnaeus 1758) reared in low salinity biofloc system
Full text linkAddition of microalgae in the biofloc system may improve growth and survival of Nile tilapia. Also, culturing Nile tilapia in saline water biofloc system may be an adaptation for freshwater shortage. In this study, the growth and survival of Nile tilapia cultured in a low salinity biofloc system with added microalgae was investigated. Increasing salinity in the culture system was done by gradually adding sea water into acclimatization container (618 L, v) on weekly basis for 4 weeks until 9 psu salinity was reached. Tilapia were allowed to adapt to salinity change for one week and fed with commercial feed twice a day until satiation. The biofloc experiment was conducted with 3 microalgal density treatments (5, 15 and 25 104 cells. mL-1) in triplicates. Average initial weight of experimental fish was 4.82 0.76 g. Tilapia were reared for 40 days in aquaria (35 35 40 cm, l w h, 15 L, v) containing 8 individuals fish in each aquarium. The commercial pellets were delivered twice per day at 5% of tilapia biomass until satiation. T. chui was added to the tilapia culture every week. This study showed that the addition of microalgae did not affect the fish weight gain, specific growth rate and survival (p0.05). However, feed conversion ratio and culture productivity were better in tilapia supplied with weekly addition of T. chui at 15 104 cells mL-1 compared to other densities tested.Keywords:SalineBioflocMicroalga
Application of different containers on eggs hatchability of saline tilapia fish (Oreochromis Niloticus, Linnaeus 1758)
Full text linkThe community's need for saline tilapia seeds (Oreochromis niloticus) until now still shows a significant increase, the development of tilapia aquaculture business is growing from the sector of breeding and enlargement. This study aims to determine the level of hatchability of saline tilapia eggs (Oreochromis niloticus) with different containers to provide alternatives to the community in using saline tilapia egg hatching containers This research was conducted at the Laboratory of the Fish Seed and Feed Production Technology Study Program of the Polytechnic of Indonesia Venezuela (POLIVEN) in March-April 2024. The research method used was an experimental design, namely a non-factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of 4 treatments, namely A (using a gallon), B (using a teapot), C (using a chicken drinking funnel), D (using a flower pot) each carried out 5 times with test parameters including egg hatchability, larval abnormality, and water quality parameters. Based on the research that has been done, the highest degree of egg hatching is in treatment C (chicken dringking funnel) with a value of 92% an the lowest is in treatment D (flower pot) with a value 51%. The highest larva abnormality is in treatment B (teapot). The annova test result showed that the application of different containers on egg hatchability had a significant effect on the hatching of saline tilapia eggs (Oreochromis niloticus). Based on the results of Duncan's further test showed that the treatment of chicken drinking funnel with 92% percentage is the best treatment compared to other treatments.Keywords:AbnormalityHatchabilityWater qualityTilapia Fis
Utilization of fermented coffee husk feed using Aspergilus niger on histological features of tawes (Barbonymus gonionotus)
Full text linkCoffee husk is one of the resources that has the potencial to be used as raw material for tawes (Barbonymus gonionotus) feed. The addition of Aspergillus niger in this study is known to increase the protein content of coffee husk from 15.99% to 21.75%. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of giving fermented coffee husk using Aspergillus niger on the histology of Tawes intestine. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 5 treatments of coffee husk addition, namely 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%, and 4 repetitions. The results showed that the addition of 30% fermented coffee husk into the feed produced the best intestinal histology picture with an average value of villi height of 243.21 40.02 m, basal width of 79.77 30.77 m and apical width of 69.09 14.61 m.Keywords:FermentationCoffee HuskBarbonymus gonionotusTawesAspergilus nige
Comparative analysis of acids and temperatures in gelatin extraction from the skin of yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares)
Full text linkGelatin, a valuable biopolymer, is commonly derived from animal by-products such as fish skin, providing a sustainable alternative to traditional bovine and porcine sources. The extraction process is influenced by factors like acid type and temperature, which impact both yield and quality. This study aimed to compare the effects of citric acid and acetic acid, at two temperatures (50C and 60C), on the gelatin extracted from yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares) skin. The extracted gelatin was evaluated for yield, proximate composition, functional groups using FTIR, and surface morphology through SEM. Results indicated that acetic acid produced a significantly higher yield than citric acid at both temperatures, with the highest yield (10.10%) at 50C and the lowest (2.46%) from citric acid at 60C. Gelatin extracted with acetic acid also had higher protein content and lower moisture and ash levels. FTIR analysis confirmed the presence of characteristic gelatin functional groups, including Amide I, II, and III. SEM images showed a denser and more uniform structure in acetic acid-extracted gelatin, while gelatin extracted with citric acid had a more porous and irregular surface. SDS-PAGE analysis revealed stronger protein bands for gelatin extracted with acetic acid, indicating higher protein content and a more efficient extraction process. Both acid-extracted gelatins showed -chains and -chains, characteristic of denatured collagen. In conclusion, acetic acid proved to be more effective than citric acid in producing higher yield and superior quality gelatin from yellowfin tuna skin. Further studies should assess the gel strength and amino acid composition of the extracted gelatin.Keywords:environmental chemistrybelow waterbiopolymergelatinmarine chemistrywaste valorizationyellowfin tun
Penggunaan Akun Demo Pragmatic Play pada Permainan Slot Mahjong dengan Fitur Scatter Hitam
Full text linkPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh penggunaan akun demo pada permainan slot Mahjong yang dikembangkan oleh Pragmatic Play, dengan fokus pada fitur Scatter Hitam sebagai salah satu elemen yang memberikan keuntungan strategis dalam permainan. Akun demo memungkinkan pemain untuk berinteraksi dengan permainan tanpa risiko finansial, yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pemahaman mekanisme permainan serta keterampilan bermain sebelum beralih ke permainan dengan uang asli. Dalam konteks permainan slot Mahjong, fitur Scatter Hitam berperan sebagai elemen yang meningkatkan peluang kemenangan dengan memberikan simbol-simbol tertentu yang memicu putaran bonus atau hadiah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen kuantitatif dengan desain pretest-posttest untuk mengukur perubahan dalam kinerja pemain, tingkat keberhasilan, serta kepuasan pengguna sebelum dan setelah penggunaan akun demo dengan fitur Scatter Hitam. Hasil yang diharapkan dari penelitian ini adalah pemahaman yang lebih mendalam tentang pengaruh akun demo terhadap keterampilan bermain serta kontribusi fitur Scatter Hitam dalam meningkatkan pengalaman permainan slot Mahjong
Rule of seagrass ecosystem as marine debris trap: A study case in seagrass ecosystems across a small island at Tanjungpinang city
Full text linkSeagrass ecosystems have an essential function as a feeding, spawning and nursery areas for various marine biota, etc. There are threats to the sustainability of seagrass ecosystems' biodiversity, one of which is the dumping of garbage into the sea, which causes damage to coastal ecosystems. This study aimed to determine the species and cover of seagrass ecosystems and the type and density of marine debris in seagrass ecosystems in the waters of small islands of Tanjungpinang City. There are three stations: Dompak Island, Penyengat Island, and Los Island. This research was conducted in May-June 2023. Seagrass cover data was collected using the line transect method with a quadrat transect of 50 cm x 50 cm to observe the species and cover. Data collection on marine debris in the seagrass ecosystem was taken on transects with an area of 100 m x 100 m. Marine debris obtained is then grouped by type to calculate density and weight. The types of seagrasses found include Enhalus acoroides, Thalassia hemprichii, Cymodocea serrulata, Cymodocea rotundata, Halodule uninervis, Halodule pinifolia, Halophila ovalis, and Syringodium isoetifolium. The highest total seagrass cover is found on Los Island, with a value of 25.81% classified as poor with a sparse cover category. The types of marine debris found are plastic, glass, rubber, wood, and its derivatives. According to the number of pieces, the highest density of marine debris is plastic waste, resulting in 0.0079 items/m2, and the weight density is 0.0528 grams/m2 found at Los Island.Keywords:biodiversitydebrisplasticseagrasssmall islan
Plankton community structure in mangrove ecosystem polluted by macroplastic waste Pagatan Besar Village, Tanah Laut Regency
Full text linkPlastic waste continues to increase all the time without decreasing or ending, resulting in the sustainability and restoration of the mangrove ecosystem needing to be improved. The mangrove ecosystem is a place where plastic waste accumulates. The accumulation of plastic waste prevents photosynthesis in mangroves, reduces aquatic productivity and encourages microbial colonization. This research aims to identify the type abundance of plankton, waste and water quality. Sampling was carried out purposively from June to July 2023. STA 1 represents rivers, STA 2 was estuaries and STA 3 was coastal mangroves. Plankton, plastic waste and water quality samples were collected at the beginning of each month based on a 1x1 m2 plot. Furthermore, biological index calculations of plankton and the density of plastic waste were carried out and their relationship with water quality in each location. Mangroves in the village of Pagatan Besar are dominated by Avicennia marina, Avicennia alba, Bruguierra cylindrica and Rhizopora apiculata. The highest density of was in STA 3, but it was inversely proportional to the abundance and diversity of plankton due to the dense waste cover between the roots, mainly plastic materials. The most significant increase in marine waste accumulated in STA 3 from 6697 grams at the beginning of the observation to 13820 grams. The most significant composition of waste in STA 3 consists of plastic bottles and plastic cups. Cyanophyta, Chlorophyta and Chrysophyta are plankton phyla from the research location. Plankton identified there are three phyla in STA 1 and STA 2, while in STA 3, there are only 2. Cyanophyta, Chlorophyta and Chrysophyta are phyla plankton from the study site. The types of plankton that are always present in all STAs are Gonatozygon and Ulothrix from Chloropyta. The survival of plankton and mangroves is influenced by water temperature, pH, salinity, dissolved oxygen and the type of material density of macroplastic waste.Keywords:MacroplasticMangroveWater QualityPlankto