Journal of Indonesian Islam
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THE ENTANGLEMENT BETWEEN ANTI-LIBERALISM AND CONSERVATISM: The INSISTS and MIUMI Effect within the “212 Movement” in Indonesia
Get PDFThis paper delves into a new perspective on the spreading of Islamic populism in Indonesia. It maps the extent of the influence exerted by the network based on the International Institute of Islamic Thought and Civilization (ISTAC) in Malaysia. In the post-authoritarian era, the ISTAC alumni have contributed to dynamizing Islamic discourse and movement in Indonesia. By engaging their connections throughout the whole country, they promote and spread Al-Attas' works (the idea of Islamization of Knowledge) by establishing an Islamic think-tank, Institute for the Study of Islamic Thought and Civilizations (INSISTS), as well as connect Islamic scholars and preachers from various Islamic organizations (including Nahdlatul Ulama and Muhammadiyah) by establishing the Council for Young and Intellectual Ulama of Indonesia (MIUMI which played a substantial role during the “411” and “212 movement”. This paper argues that INSISTS and MIUMI are key actors behind the scene of the rise of Islamic populism. It further argues that the synthesis of conservatism and modern Islam among actors had resulted in INSISTS and MIUMI’s agenda getting easily accepted by Muslim communities in Indonesia
ISLAMIST NEWSPEAK: The Use of Arabic Terms as a Form of Cultural Hegemony in Political Communication by Muslim Fundamentalist Groups in Indonesia
Get PDFWithin Indonesian contemporary political discourse, fundamentalist groups are implementing a linguistic manipulation of Arabic terminology in order to influence the thinking of wider public. Prolific use of Arabic terminology in religious and political discourse is employed by such groups to baffle the thinking of impressionable audience. This study examines the use of Arabic terms by two Islamist groups in Indonesia, namely the Islamic Defenders Front (Front Pembela Islam/FPI) and Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia (HTI). It uses in-depth interviews with leaders of those organizations combined with a critical discourse analysis approach. It examines the use of three key Arabic terms—‘jihad’ ‘khilafah’ and ‘habib’—to illustrate how the meaning of those words has been distorted compared with their generally accepted Indonesian definitions. The paper theorizes that this practice conforms to Gramscian notions of cultural hegemony, that a ruling elite manufactures the consent, loyalty and discipline of a mass of followers to uncritically conform to the preferred thought of the hegemony
A NEW ISLAMIC KNOWLEDGE PRODUCTION AND FATWA RULINGS: How Indonesia’s Young Muslim Scholars Interact with Online Sources
Get PDFThis study aims to discover Indonesia's young Muslim scholars online acquisition of knowledge and use in fatwa making habits. Using a theoretical lens from knowledge acquisition theory and Islamic sociology, we conducted our study using an interpretive case study. We used the in-depth interview to understand different perspectives of 36 young Muslim scholars on knowledge acquisition and use in their daily fatwa making within a provincial level of Indonesia Ulama Council in Central Sulawesi. The findings show that Indonesia's young Muslim scholars have referred to online knowledge sources in their fatwa making quite frequently. In addition, the young Muslim scholars also construct knowledge from online social network interaction and then use the knowledge for fatwa production. Our study has implications on the simplicity of Islamic knowledge acquisition and fatwa making. Traditional Islamic education institutions and muftis might have been reduced their roles. Further study should focus on how those traditional Islamic education sources have been reduced from young Muslim scholars perspectives
ALIGNING ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTION TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AMONG MUSLIM YOUTH IN INDONESIA
Get PDFThe purpose of this paper is to examine the influence of entrepreneurial intention of the youth Muslim on the realization of maqasid al-shari‘ah in order to overcome poverty and unemployment problems to achieve the sustainable development agenda. This paper also attempts to fit in and enrich the literatures of entrepreneurial intention which integrates with maqasid al-shari‘ah as the objectives of Islamic teachings. An exploratory method design and a deductive approach employed in this study with respondent of 740 Muslim students from five provinces in Indonesia. The findings illustrate that religious and moral motivations have become an inseparable variable for developing entrepreneurial intentions among young people. The analysis output also indicates that subjective norms as the strongest driver to influence Muslim youth entrepreneurial intention. In addition, this study also has policy-level implication both for related government institutions and the universities
THE NEW PSEUDO-SUFI ORDER OF THE MAJELIS SHALAWAT AMONG URBAN MUSLIMS IN EAST JAVA
Get PDFThis article analyzes a new variant of urban Sufism with specific reference to majelis shalawat (shalawat group) as the new-pseudo Sufi order in Indonesia. It focuses on three majelis shalawat: Majelis Shalawat Kubro, Majelis Shalawat Muhammad, and Majelis Shalawat Adlimiyah. Employing field research, this article argues that the three shalawat groups that flourish in East Java have specific characters unique to the groups. They locate the silsilah (chain of lineage) as an important part in establishing the institution, doctrines, and Sufism practices among their adherents. The aspect of Sufism transmission is articulated as experiencing Sufism through living as inspired by Abu al-Qasim al-Junayd, not as told to them by ‘ulama who theorize Sufism. Furthermore, doing Sufism means a process of experiencing supported by two Sufism traditions at once; they are vivid interconnection (rabitat bi al-suhbah) and virtual interconnection (rabitah bi al-ghayb). The application of the two rabitahs locates a Sufi travellers in a full consciousness (yaqzah) far from self-disappearance (al-fana’ fi al-shaykh). With all of its characteristics, the three shalawat groups generate new variants of Sufi practice that can be considered as new Sufi order
ẒĀHIRAT AL-TAṬARRUF AL-DĪNĪY FĪ ‘ĀLAM AL-SHABÄ€B WA AL-TA‘ALĪM: DirÄsah ‘an Ṣ‘ūd al-Ḥarakah al-IslÄmÄ«yah al-RÄdÄ«kÄlÄ«yah fÄ« al-MadÄris al-ThÄnawÄ«yah fÄ« IndÅ«nÄ«siyÄ
No full textThe spread of radicalism-intolerance has entered into the recesses of the life of Indonesian people, especially in education field. This article aims to explore the facts of radicalism-intolerance at high school level in two major cities in Indonesia, Surabaya and Jakarta, and to analyze educational policies related to schools’ responses  towards the phenomenon of radicalism. The data are collected by surveying and interviewing the leading figures of the Education and Culture Office of Surabaya and of Jakarta, high school principals, and high school teachers in Surabaya and Jakarta. The obtained data are then analyzed through focus group discussions (FGD) and logical thinking to find and analyze the subject matter in accordance with the focus of this study. The results show that (1) the indications of radicalism-intolerance had entered high school even though this remains at low level, (2) school managers, principals, and teachers had remarkable concerns and thorough vigilance towards their students exposed to radicalism- intolerance along with the rise of such a phenomenon in social and print media, and (3) the Ministry of Education and Culture firmly had not made so-called antiradicalism education policies as outlined in the blueprint of a curriculum
BEING CHRISTIANS IN THE ACEHNESE WAY: Illiberal Citizenship and Women’s Agency in the Islamic Public Sphere
Get PDFThis article examines the ways in which Acehnese Christian women’s identities expressed in the Islamic public sphere. The article argues that although theoretically Islamic Shari'a only applies to Muslims, its implementation in Aceh has a significant impact on the daily life of Christian women. The first part of the article presents a critical review regarding the Islamic sharia in Aceh dealing with the discourse of citizenship and the position of non-Muslim. Furthermore, drawing on agency theoretical frameworks, the authors describe the experiences of Christian women from diverse backgrounds to show how they became Christians in the Acehnese way. The article finally shows that Christian women's agencies as a minority in Aceh face a critical situation, although they remain independent and are not easily subdued by public sphere driven by the values and religious identities of the majority
WHEN LOVE AND FAITH COLLIDE: Women’s Conversion to Husband’s Religion in Flores
Get PDFThis paper explores the religious conversion of women along with their struggle during the marriage and its implication to broader the community in Flores, East Nusa Tenggara. It considers four cases of women who have converted both from Islam to Catholicism and vice versa. It finds that the complexities and problems arising from interfaith marriage in Indonesia become the main reason for women's conversion to their husband's religion. Besides, in a patriarchal system, women are more often subjected to forced conversions than men. Individuals, especially women, undergoing a religious conversion for the sake of marriage ‘convenience’ often feel burdened and guilty for trading their religious and personal beliefs for political convenience. In the process, women require time to come to terms with and accept their new religious identity. It is not an easy process - one with countless identity struggles and societal, religious, as well as political burdens. Nevertheless, some women can remain faithful to their original belief that conversion does not necessarily motivate them to transform their identity to the new religion. This study shows that conversion, marriage, gender equality, and religious identity in Indonesia, especially in Flores, are interconnected and complex
PARENTING STYLE AND THE LEVEL OF ISLAMISM AMONG SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS IN YOGYAKARTA
Get PDFAlong with the rise of global Islamism, religious extremism has recently become a serious threat in Indonesia, especially among the youth. In addition to the influences of online media and school environments, religious extremism among youth is also caused by family factor. Based on questionnaire-based data from 802 respondents of 20 senior high schools, this research explores the influence of parenting styles on the level of Islamism among senior high school students in Yogyakarta. The research finds that parents in Yogyakarta have implemented an authoritative or democratic parenting style more than other styles. Also, school girls tend to receive democratic parenting styles more than their boy counterparts. More than that, male and female students posit a medium level on Islamism except on the issue of terrorism. On the attitude of terror, most respondents (93.9%) are on the low level, only 1.2% of respondents are on the medium level, and no one is on the high level of terror. The paper further says that teenagers who live with the so-called authoritarian parents tend to have a high risk of intolerant attitude. In contrast, authoritative or democratic and permissive parenting styles contribute less to an intolerant attitude
THE EXPANSION OF JAMA’AH TABLIGH MOVEMENT AND ITS INFLUENCE ON THE RELIGIOUS BELIEF OF THE BAJO PEOPLE IN SOUTH EAST SULAWESI
Get PDFJama‘ah Tabligh came to Southeast Sulawesi in the first decade of this century and soon spread among the Bajo people in the province. It’s developed and contributed to the Bajo people in a significant way. This article describes the reason behind the expansion and the influence of Jama‘ah Tabligh on them. Using historical approach, this study finds that the Bajo people accept Jama‘ah Tabligh for some peculiar reasons. They are attracted to Jama‘ah Tabligh because of effective and persuasive da‘wah launched by this Islamic group. In addition, Jama‘ah Tabligh seems to be the only Islamic da’wah that operate at the grassroots level in the region, which facilitates local curiosity to know more and finally join the movement. The non-political nature of Jama‘ah Tabligh also helps bolster the immediate acceptance of Jama‘ah Tabligh by the Bajo people. Jama‘ah Tabligh has transformed the Bajo people in many ways, allowing them to become more orthodox due to its puritan nature. The Bajo people then no longer practice syncretic religious rituals. They do not speak their vernacular language anymore and they put on thawb and turban as their clothing. Nonetheless, Jama‘ah Tabligh also brings about the teachings that are objects of criticism, namely khuruj and fatalism