Journal of Indonesian Islam
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DEFENDING ISLAMIC TRADITION: Theological Responses of the Hadrami Majlis Taklim Groups toward the Salafi-Wahabi Preaching Movement in Contemporary Indonesia
Get PDFThis article discusses majlis taklim as an informal religious learning group in urban area led by Hadrami descents in Indonesia that functions not only in preaching Islam but also in defending their Islamic traditions and practices toward the criticism of Salafi movement in Indonesia. The data presented here is based on in-depth interview with members and leaders of the group and participant observation. This article argues that Islamic traditions in Indonesia are about knowledge, worldview, values, and mode of behavior for Indonesian Muslims, where the Scripture and the spirit of Scripture is the ultimate reference. In this study, we show how Islamic traditions in Indonesia have been carefully maintained, developed, and transmitted through generations. Despite the strong criticism of Salafi group in urban areas, Islamic traditions have been preserved and disseminated through the majlis taklim groups, including by the Indonesian Hadrami individuals. This study is aimed to look at how Hadrami majlis taklim in the urban area maintains, develops and transmits Islamic tradition to the Muslim community and give theological response to the Salafi group’s attack to their practices. The effort of Hadrami majlis taklim has contributed to the maintaining of religious tolerance in contemporary Indonesia
Extracting Religious Identity: The Cyber-Ethnography of Abdul Somad’s Preaching
Get PDFThis article examines the communication process of Islamic proselytising (da‘wa) carried out by Abdul Somad, commonly called UAS, on YouTube channels. Somad is a representative of the Indonesian Islamic preacher who is regarded to have become famous very quickly and well known as Ustadz Berjuta Follower. Some of his lectures recorded in video format and uploaded on YouTube channels have been successÂful in attracting the attention of the audiences. Indeed, dozens of videos have been watched by more than five million people per video. Using the Lasswell’s model of communiÂcation process ‘who says what, to whom, which channel, and with what effect’ and textual analysis of Somad’s videos on YouTube, this study found that Somad managed to communiÂcate his lectures to the target of da'wa dozens of times compared to conventional lectures from the pulpit to the pulpit. Thus, the communication of da'wa through YouTube in terms of the targeted audience was more effective. The multiplier effect of the audience was supported by the potential of YouTube to provide space for the interaction of the audiences, so as to create a multi-level flow of information. In addition, based on the observed visual and verbal aspects of Somad’s preaching on YouTube indicate that he is a moderate Indonesian ulama
THE BIBLICAL INSERTION IN THE JAVANESE QURANIC EXEGESIS: Textual and Contextual Analysis of Tafsir Soerat Wal-’Asri by Siti Chayati, Surakarta
Get PDFThis study examines the insertion of Biblical sources as references in Tafsir Soerat Wal-’Asri by Siti Chayati, a Javanese Quranic exegete who interprets chapter 103 (al-Asr) of the Quran in Javanese using Javanese Script. The Chayati’s work using some Biblical verses of Barnabas, Matthew, and John as its references, is unique and thought-provoking to understand the motives and its historical background. This study finds that the use of Bible verses in her work was aimed to strengthen her claims on the truth of Islamic teachings against the missionary activities of the Dutch in Java. At the beginning of the 20th century, they attempted to weaken the Islamic community by conducting the Zending movement and establishing Seminary Christian Schools in several regencies in Java. Therefore, debates on religious concepts had become a central issue to win the heart of the traditional Javanese society. The tensions between Christian missionaries and Muslim preachers in that era turned out to be significant factors influencing the insertion of Biblical references in the work of Chayati’s Quranic exegesis
MODERNIZING ISLAMIC EDUCATION IN THE MOST POPULATED MUSLIM WORLD
Get PDFThis paper discusses the homegrown endeavors in the most populated Muslim world to modernize Islamic education therein. It focuses on how the modernization of Islamic education comes out of efforts by the so-called traditional Muslim scholars in particular in reforming Islamic education. As a locus of analysis, it deals comparaÂtively with two largest Muslim populations, one in South Asia and another in Southeast Asia. The former is represented by India, and the latter is by Indonesia. This article argues that the traditional Muslim scholars have contributed significantly to the modernization of Islamic education in their own country respectively. It further argues that their position as traditional `ulama’ does not hinder their progressive role in reforming their respective Islamic institutions. They apply schooling system, adopting “secular†sciences for the curriculum and implementing teaching-learning methods like their reformist colleges and schools established by either the British or the Dutch colonialists. It goes on to say that the traditional `ulama’ both in South and Southeast Asia have a pivotal position in reforming Islamic education in such a way that rewriting needs to be undertaken in a more proportional way towards the discussion of Islamic education reform in both countries
RECLAIMING MODERATE ISLAM IN NAHDLATUL ULAMA: Challenging the Dominant Religious Authority in Digital Platform
Get PDFThis article examines Nahdlatul Ulama’s attempts to face three challenges, its internal dynamic within the elite religious circle, the influence of its leadership at the grassroots level, and the rise of the new religious authorities who employ social media to enlarge their influence. Amidst the growth of internet users bridging the gap between rural and urban areas, this rise of new religious authority has steeply eroded NU's domination, which bases Islamic traditionalism in rural areas. This article contends that NU cannot be viewed as a singular face of religious orientation. However, in the level of ideology, NU’s aswaja (ahl as-sunnah wa al-jama>’ah) brings its followers into a moderate view. This religious orientation has been contested respectively amidst organizational structure and different geographical landscapes of NU's people. Meanwhile, the dominance of Islamic conservative groups in the digital platform appears to be quite strong. Because of these challenges, NU struggles to reclaim its religious authority at the level of the youngest circles
TYPOLOGIES OF RELIGIOUS MODERATION IN INDONESIAN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS
Get PDFTypologies of religious moderation implementation in several State Islamic Higher Education and Public Higher Education are an interesting subject to discuss. The typologies can demonstrate the road model of educational institutions in building nationality and diversity. This study aims to analyze the typologies of religious moderation practiced at PTKI and PTU with a focus on studies at the State Islamic University Padang, State Islamic University  Bandung, and Bogor Agricultural University. By employing a qualitative descriptive approach based on empirical phenomena and collecting  data using interviews, participant observation, documentation, and literature review; the research finds that the typologies of religious moderation illustrate an integrative model of institutional and cultural interpolation, symbolic-paradigmatic schemes, internalization of Pendidikan Agama Islam (PAI, Islamic Religious Education) subject, mainstreaming schemes of pesantren mahasiswa, and involvement of extra campus organizations. This study implies that there are various practices of religious moderation in higher educational institutions as models for other higher educational institutions
ḤuqÅ«q al-MÄ«rÄth linÄqil al-‘AdwÄ bi FairÅ«s KÅ«rÅ«nÄ (KÅ«fÄ«d-19) fÄ« Manẓūr al-Sharī‘ah al-IslÄmiyah wa al-QÄnÅ«n al-IndÅ«nÄ«sÄ«yÄ«
No full textIslamic law, as well as Indonesian law, prohibits the intentional killer's entitlement to inheritance and bequest to him. This research aims to study the ruling on the felony of murder by transmitting Coronavirus (Covid-19) infection. Subsequently, the impact of inheritance and wills due to transmitting this infection deliberately or unintentionally. The research uses the descriptive approach and the analytical method in defining the felony of incapacitating murder and analyzing the impact of transmitting infection with this pandemic virus. The research comes with several results, including that whoever deliberately transmits infection with the Coronavirus (Covid-19) to people is regarded as the Spoilers on the land, that this felony deserves the punishment, that he is forbidden from inheriting if he is the heir, and that he is forbidden from the approval of the will if it is bequeathed to him
POLITICAL DYNAMICS BEHIND THE MAKING OF SHARĪ’AH-INSPIRED BYLAWS IN SURAKARTA: The Case of Bylaw Number 3/2006 on the Eradication of Prostitution
No full textThis article discusses how Islamic law was made (al-tashrī’ al-IslamÄ«) to fit into Bllaw Number 3, 2006 about the Eradication of Commercial Sexual Exploitation in the City of Surakarta, Central Java. The creation of this bylaw saw heated debates about the ideological understanding of religious life of the purists and political discord among different fractions in the Regional House of People’s Represen¬tatives (Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah, DPRD) of the City of Surakarta. Even though much debate went on, agreement was finally reached that the widespread prostitution and commercial sexual exploitation in the city had to be stopped because it caused moral damages on children and teenagers. This agreement was reached to meet the objective of al-tashrī‘ (maqÄá¹£id al-sharī‘ah) or in order to create a condition of harmony in accordance with moral values and religious norms. To present a complete picture, this study uses the grounded research on how law was made on the basis of different interests either at political or ideological level
The Dynamics of Power, Violence, and Conflict of Nahdlatul Wathan
Get PDFThe dynamics of Muslim communities of Nusa Tenggara Barat (NTB) in Lombok Island, have a profound emotional impact on the history of Nahdlatul Wathan (NW). It alters how social and religious systems are developed. Since 1953, NW has grown quickly to become the majority Islamic organization in Lombok due to the pioneers’ educational background, as well as their cultural and social capitals in the development of Islam. After the New Order, internal created two strongholds for conflict entities and reconciliation. Open violence has broken out in a number of Lombok locations due to conflicting forces. The integrated dualism of the organization's leadership has not been seen in the resolution of conflicts through practical politics. This article underlines how NW has evolved into one of the cases where division positively affects the growth of mass organizations
TRADITIONAL MADRASAH, STATE POLICIES AND THE RISE OF INTEGRATED ISLAMIC SCHOOLS IN JAMBI
Get PDFThis paper discusses why the schools were well-liked and flourished; what factors drive this phenomenon? Different from many studies that have analyzed the development of integrated Islamic schools in general in Indonesia, this article focuses on the more specific Jambi case. Using social movement theory, this article argues that in addition to liberal policies that open wide opportunities for anyone to express themselves in the public sphere, including Islamists, the need for the Jambi Malay community for religious education is also an important factor. While previously this need was fulfilled by the presence of traditional Malay madrasas, which teach Islam in the afternoon after students return from school, the education standardization policy implemented by the Indonesian government has made their existence deteÂriorate. Taking advantage of these conditions, inteÂgrated Islamic schools have emerged to offer a full-day Islamic education model to the Muslim middle class, who are anxious about their children’s future due to lack of supervision after their time is up for work