Journal of Mathematical and Fundamental Sciences
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    Recovery and Stacking Faults of α Ag-Sn Alloys

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    Abstract. X-ray diffraction peak shift can be used to determine the recovery temperature of face centered cubic metals. Using this method is was found that filed α Ag-Sn chips recover at temperature between 100° and 200°C. The stacking fault energy was found to be decreasing with increasing tin content.  Ringkasan. Penggeseran puncak difraksi sinar-X dapat dipergunakan untuk menentukan temperatur pemulihan dari logam-logam dengan struktur kubus berpusat sisi. Dengan cara tersebut dapat ditentukan bahwa serbuk kikiram dari α Ag-Sn pulih kembali pada temperature antara 100° dan 200°C. Diketemukan pula bahwa energi salah tumpuk dari panduan-tersebut berkurang dengan bertambahnya konsentrasi timah putih

    Schouten Bracket of Holomorphic Tensors of a Kahlerian Manifold

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    Abstract. It is shown that the Schouten bracket of holomorphic tensors of a compact kahlerian manifold W defines a structure of graded complex Lie algebra on the space of holomorphic tensors of the manifold. We obtain an important proposition which generalizes a wellknown result of Lichnerowicz [6,7].Ringkasan. Kita perlihatkan bahwa "Schouten bracket" dari pada tensor-tensot holomorph milik suatu manifold kahler yang kompak W mendefinisikan suatu struktur "graded complex Lie algebra" pada ruang tensor-tenso holomorph dari pada manifold tersebut. Disini diperoleh suatu proposisi yang penting yang memperluas sebuah hasil yang terkenal dari Lichnerowicz [6,7].

    Tondano Pyroclastic

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    Abstract. Recent A recent investigation into the volcanic geology of Minahasa revealed the existence and distribution of pyroclastic flow sheets of which origin and mode of emplacement are yet to be solved. These pyroclastic flow sheets are found covering nearly whole Minahasa. It consists of loose to dense tuff or tuffaceous material, containing angular, to subangular and rounded pumice fragments measuring from a few mm to 15-20 mm across, showing several cycles of deposition. Welding is only detected at one spot and very limited. Quartz fragments are common but not abundant. Along the lake of tondano those pyroclastics form terraces ranging in height from 1.5 to 20 m, whereas farther away along the North and the South east these pyroclastic sheets form typical soft undulating landscapes. Most probably these pyroclastics originated from fissure like eruptions in a longitudinal riftvalley on the crest of the Minahasa geanticline bordered to the SE by the slightly crescentic Lembean scarp, and to the NW by a row of young volcanoes. Some of the pyroclastics might have deposited aerially some showed some indication of flowage after deposition. In Central and East Minahasa most part of these pyroclastic sheets are covered by young and recently produced volcanics of andesitic composition. The magnitude of this deposit makes it necessary to be mapped as a separate unit and the regional mapping team of the Geological Survey of Indonesia should pay considerable attention to their presence and geologic importance, since, next to Toba this pyroclastic deposit is one having the largest surface distributionRingkasan. Suatu penelitian pendahuluan di daerah Minahasa baru-baru ini menemukan penyebaran suatu batuan pyroklastika secara luas sekali. Batuan ini dapat digolongkan sebagai "pyroclastic flow sheets" sedangkan asal usul endapan ini secara terperinci belum dapat diketahui dengan jelas. Endapan ini terdiri dari batuan tufa padat maupun tufa lepas dengan fragmen batu apung berbentuk angular ataupun bundar dengan diameter berkisar antara 15 hingga 20 cm. Endapan tersebut memperlihatkan ciri-ciri pengendapan bersiklus. Gejala "welding" hanya diketemukan pada satu tempat dan itupun secara sangat terbatas. Fragmen mineral kwarsa juga tampak tetapi tidak terlalu banyak. Disekitar danau Tondano, disebelah Barat Daya, endapan tadi membentuk teras-teras dengan ketinggian 15-20 meter sedangkan jauh di pantai Utara dan Selatan endapan tadi membentuk bentang alam ber-undulasi yang lemah. Besar kemungkinan endapan tadi berasal dari letusan-letusan yang terdapat pada puncak geantiklin Minahasa yang dibatasi pada sebelah Timur oleh "Lembean Scarp", sedangkan disebelah Barat ia dibatasi oleh deratan kerucut gunung-gunung berapi muda. Sebagian dari endapan pyroklastik tadi mungkin diendapkan dari udara, sebagian mengalami proses aliran sesudah diendapkan dari udara. Di Minahasa Tengah dan Minahasa Timur sebagian dari endapan pyroklastik tadi ditutupi oleh bahan-bahan volkanik berkomposisi andesit. Karena endapan tadi sangat luas, endapan-endapan tadi mungkin perlu dipetakan sebagai satuan terpisah, oleh karena itu perlu diperhatikan oleh team pemeta Direktorat Geologi. Sesudah Toba mungkin endapan pyroklastik Tondano adalah endapan terbesar di Indonesia

    The Effect of Insecticide Endrin on Soybean Root Nodules Bacteria Rhizobium japonicum

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    Abstract. The effects of Endrin on soybean root nodules baccteria Rhizobium japonicum has been studied. In pot experiments with soybean and addition of Endrin gave no quantitative change of these bacteria during any part of the vegetation period, Rhizobium japonicum strains have been isolated from Endrin treated soil. These cultures grew fairly well in medium with Endrin as the sole source of carbon. Ringkasan. Telah diselidiki pengaruh insektisida Endrin terhadap bakteri nodula akar kacang kedele Rhizobium japonicum. Ternyata dalam percobaan dengan menggunakan pot yang disertai penambahan Endrin, tidak memberikan perubahan jumlah dari bakteri tersebut selama pertumbuhan kacang kedele. Strains Rhizobium japonicum dapat dipisahkan dari tanah-tanah yang diberi perlakuan Endrin. Biakan-biakan dari bakteri tersebut tumbuh baik pada media yang diberi penambahan Endrin sebagai sumber C

    Penghambatan Respirasi Djaringan oleh Ekstrak Daun Sambiloto, Andrographis paniculata Nees

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    It was shown recently that crude extracts prepared from the leaves of Andrographis paniculata Nees have a significant hypoglycaemic effect when given orally to rabbits as well as to normal and diabetic persons (2). In the course of further investigations, the effect of the extract on cell respiration was studied. Bovine heart muscle homogenates were used for the experiments. Oxygen uptake was followed in a Warburg apparatus at 30°C with air as the gas phase. In the absence of added substrate the homogenate showed a considerable oxygen uptake, most probably due to the oxidation of endogenous substrates. It appeared that this oxygen consumption was inhibited by the crude extract added at various concentrations. Whether this effect was caused by the hypoglycaemic substance is still unanswered. Work is in progress to isolate the physiologically active compounds.

    Gerak Photon dalam Medan Gravitasi jang Kuat disekitar Bintang jang Mampat.

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    Ringkasan. Dalam tulisan ini, review mengenai gerak photon dalam medan gravitasi jang kuat diberikan. Photon jang dipantjarkan dari sekitar atau dalamnja sebuah bintang jang sangat mampat dapat lepas, djatuh kembali, atau bergerak dalam orbit lingkaran, bergantung pada arah mula2 dari ketjepatan photon. Abstract. In this paper, a review of the motion of photons in a strong gravitational field is given. Photon which are emitted from the neighborhood or from within a superdense star, may escape, falling or moving in a circular orbit, depending on the initial direction of the photons.

    Penjebaran Amphibia dan Reptilia didataran Tinggi Bandung

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    Ringkasan. Studi mengenai penjebaran vertical dari amphibia dan reptilian telah dikerdjakan disebelah utara dataran tinggi Bandung, Djawa Barat selama bulan September sampai dengan Desember 1968. Dikemukakan bahwa enamribu tahun jang lalu dipresi Bandung pernah merupakan suatu danau luas jang dibentuk oleh hasil kegiatan gunung berapi. Hasil koleksi terdiri dari 200 specimen, diantaranja 13 specie amphibian dan 39 species reptilia. Ditundjukkan bahwa djulah species pada tiap lokalitas tidak sama dan menundjukkan suatu korelasi jang baik dengan ketinggian tiap lokalitas.Abstract. A study on a vertical distribution of amphibians and reptiles has been conducted at the northern part of Bandung Highland, West Java between the month of September and December 1968. According to geologist, six thousand years ago the Bandung Depression was an extensive lake dammed by the product of volcanic activities. Two hundred specimens of 13 species of the reptiles have been collected. The number of species in each locality shows good correlation with the altitude.

    Infrared Survey of Giant M Stars

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    Abstract. A spectrocospic survey in an area of 5 squares degrees, located in the general direction of the Palomar-Groningen Variable-Star Field 2 , yields 263 Giant M stars. A test of completeness shows than the survey was complete down visual magnitude 16 for early giant M stars and to visual magnitude 17 for late giant M stars. The space density distribution of the stars is presented.Ichtisar. Survey setjara spektroskopis bintang raksasa M, didaerah seluas 5 deradjat persegi, kearah Palomar-Groningen Variable-Star Field no. 2, menghasilkan 263 bintang2 raksasa kelas M. Sebuah test statistic menundjukkan bahwa survey tersebut lengkap sampai magnitude 16, untuk bintang M-azeal, dan sampai magnitude 17, untung bintang2 M-tua. Distribusi bintang2 tersebut didalam ruang djuga dihitung dan dibitjarakan

    The Study of Insect Population

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    Abstract. Insect population has been subjected to several environmental factors. Included within this environmental category are the type of food, the place to live in, the climatic conditions, etc. This study has been leading to seek of key factor in the regulation of several insect populations. First, the population of APHIS GOSSYPII on cotton plants. It is apparent that the physiological condition of the leaves is the primary regulating factor. Secondly, the size of the population depends also on the food from which the energy came. Corn meal supported large population of TRIBOLIUM CASTANEUM, followed by soy meal, rice meal, and katjang idjo (green bean) meal. However corn meal plus rice meal plus milk powder (45:45 :10), supported the largest size of TRIBOLIUM population; the fluctuation occurred on the level of 300 individuals per 10 grm medium. Furthermore, BRUCHUS PHASEOLI (another insect pest) refused to oviposit on katjang idjo meal, but thrived on katjang idjo bean. This behavioural factor is believed to be the primary regulating factor. The quality of the bean and also the thickness of the skin may further regulate the population. Finally the climatic factor effected the behavior as well as the life-cycle of several insects  caught in the vicinity of ITB campus. Ichtisar. Populasi serangga selalu terkena oleh pengaruh factor keliling. Termasuk didalam category faktor keliling ini adalah djenis makanan, tempat untuk hidup, keadaan iklim tsb. Studi ini telah mengarah kepada pentjaharian "key-faktor" jang mengatur beberapa matjam populasi serangga. Pertama-tama mengenai populasi dari APHIS GOSSYPH pada tanaman kapas. Tampak njata bahwa keadaan faali dari daun adalah factor pengatur utama. Kedua, besar dari populasi tergantung djuga dari matjam makanan dari mana energi diperoleh. Tepung djagung dapat menjokong suatu populasi besar dari TRIBOLIUM CASTANEUM, diikuti oelh tepung kedele, tepung beras dan tepung katjang idjo. Populasi TRIBOLIUM jang terbesar didapatkan pada tjampuran tepung djagung, tepung beras dan bubuk susu (45 : 45 : 10); fluktuasi terdapat disekitar 300 individu per 10 grm. Medium. Selandjutnya, BRUCHUS PHASEOLIS tidak mau bertelur pada tepung katjang idjo, tetapi dapat berlipat ganda pada bidji katjang idjo. Factor kelakuan ini diperkirakan adalah factor regulator utama. Kwalitas dari katjang2an dan tebal dari kulit bidji mungkin adalah factor pengatur selandjutnja. Achirnja, iklim setempat mempengaruhi kelakuan beserta siklus hidup dari beberapa serangga jang tertangkap disekitar kampus I.T.B.

    On Methylene Blue and Its Zinc Thiocyanate Complex in Connection with A New Spectrophotometric Determination of Zinc

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    Abstract. By reacting zinc with methylene blue and thiocyanate and measuring the decrease in absorbance, calibration curve for a photometric determination of zinc are found, which under suitable conditions are independent of the pH, the ionic strength, the temperature, and also of small differences. Ichtisar. Djika seng direaksikan dengan biru metilena dan tiosianat dan diukur berkurangnja absorpsi, akan terdapat garis kalibrasi untuk suatu penentuan fotometris baru untuk seng, jang, djika dipenuhi sjarat2 tertentu, tidak terpengaruhi oleh pH, "ionic strength", temperature dan djuga tidak oleh selisih waktu jang tidak terlampau besar

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