Aceh International Journal of Science and Technology
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Potential Aquifer Exploration using Electrical Resistivity Imaging at Rumbio Jaya, Kampar, Riau
Full text linkGroundwater sustainability has become a serious issue as a water resource needed by society. Therefore, electrical Resistivity Imaging was carried out at Rumbio Jaya, Kampar, and Riau to study groundwater aquifer's electrical characteristics. The equipment used is a Geocis resistivity meter with (32) multi-electrodes alignment. Wenner configuration electrode was applied in this survey. The 2-D Electrical Resistivity inversion results indicate there are three resistivity zones; (1) Low resistivity value (0.0093 4.84 m) representing conductive clay; (2) intermediate resistivity value (1.07 171 m) indicate as potential aquifer layer; and (3) a high resistivity value (61 4000 m) occupying as bolder of rock. All the zones have different thicknesses and depths, but mostly clay layers dan boulders are shown as lenses in the aquifer of the study area. Meanwhile, the aquifer layer is found easily at a depth of 1 meter up to 30 meters
Experimental Evaluation of Workability Compressive Strength and Freeze-Thaw Durability of Concrete Containing Expanded Clay Aggregates
Full text linkThe development of the building materials industry in Algeria and worldwide has opened up new commercial opportunities for waste recovery. Using recycled materials and natural resources such as expanded clay aggregates are increasingly seen as a solution for the future to meet the gap between production, consumption, and environmental protection. The present study investigates the effect of expanded clay aggregate (ECA) on a concrete slump, porosity, softening coefficient, compressive strength, and Freeze-thaw durability. Tests were conducted according to Russian National State Standard (GOST) 10060-2012 of concrete mixtures with expanded clay aggregate (ECA). A total of 7 mixtures were prepared. One is considered a reference mixture based on limestone aggregates. The other six mixtures were prepared by replacing the limestone aggregates with expanded clay aggregates, using two substitution rates (15%, 30% by weight) and three aggregates sizes (Sand 0/4, Gravel 8/16, and 16/25) while maintaining the same w/b ratio. The results indicate that ECAs can be used for concrete production. Furthermore, concrete containing 30% ECA (0/4) has the best properties and is the most freeze-thaw resistant than the other mixtures with ECA
Pyrolysis of Puspa Wood Sawdust and Sugarcane Bagasse into Biochar
Full text linkPuspa wood sawdust and sugarcane bagasse are abundantly available but have low carbon content and nutrients. The carbon content and nutrients could be increased by converting biomass into biochar through pyrolysis. The independent variables of pyrolysis were essential to investigate because those inherently influence biochar quality. In this study, the effect of pyrolysis temperature (300, 350, 400, 450, and 500 C) and time (30, 60, 90 mins) on the biochar characteristic such as pH, yield, and proximate compositions were determined. The total nitrogen, P2O5, and K2O content at optimum condition biochar were also investigated. The data analysis showed that the pyrolysis temperature and time increment positively correlated to the pH, ash content, and carbon content. At the same time, the yield and volatile matter were vice versa. Both biochar's optimum pyrolysis temperature and time were achieved at 500 and 90 minutes. The carbon content and nutrient of biochar were also increased compared to the biomass. The pyrolysis method has enhanced biomass quality, and the biochar may be used as a growing media and soil amendment. It can be concluded that the sugarcane bagasse biochar was more likely favorable than puspa wood sawdust biochar due to its higher fixed carbon and nutrient conten
Land Use Prediction Using Markov Cellular Automata in the Peusangan Watershed, Aceh
Full text linkThe population growth rate is a factor that causes changes in land use that impact land ecology due to increased population activities related to social, economic, and cultural aspects. Land use change aims to develop facilities and infrastructure to meet the population's needs. This research seeks to interpret land-use changes in 1999, 2008, and 2019 and predict land use in the Peusangan watershed in 2030. The map overlay method analyzes land use change in 1999-2008, 2008-2019, and 2019-2030. In predicting land use, this study uses the Cellular Automata approach. The results of the analysis specifically show that the trend of land use change until 2030 is a decrease in the area of forest land use covering an area of 11,014 ha (4.27%), open land covering an area of 31 ha (0.01%), shrubs 6,083 ha (2.36%), and water bodies covering an area of 459 ha (0.18%). On the other hand, it is predicted that in 2030 the Peusangan watershed will see the most significant increase in land use for plantations of 14,225 ha (5.52%), followed by land use of 1,664 ha (0.65%), 817 ha (0.32%), settlements covering 710 ha (0.28%), 132 ha of rice fields (0.05%), and 28 ha of pond land use (0.01%). The results of this study are expected to be input for policymakers regarding land use planning in the Peusangan watershed in the future
Ground Surface Quality Assessment Using P-wave Velocity from 2-D Seismic Refraction Method
Full text linkA good strength level of the ground surface is the main concern in an area with rapid housing infrastructure development,such as Baitussalam district-Aceh Besar, Indonesia. A seismic refraction method was applied with three similar profile lines using PASI 16S 24P equipment and 10 Hz vertical geophones to identify the sub-surface layer. The result was processed using Winsism software and Surfer 8. The results of seismic refraction were deduced and correlated with conventional geotechnical investigation obtained by a previous study. The results of 3 survey lines show that the area has two main layers. The first layer was interpreted as overburden (soil and clayey sand) with a compressional wave velocity (Vp) value of fewer than 1.8 km/s. The second layer produces a high velocity of more than 2 km/s. This second layer is interpreted as highly to moderately weathered rock. The results of seismic refraction surveys of the present study suggest a reasonably good correlation with the standard penetration test (SPT) and rock quality designation (RQD) obtained in the previous investigation. The strength level of the second layer showed N-SPT of 65 and RQD of at least 50%
Behaviour Analysis of Strengthened-RC Beam with Natural Fiber Reinforced Polymer (NFRP) based on Abaca Fiber by Using Finite Element Method
Full text linkSynthetic fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) as an alternative composite material has been widely used for strengthening and repairing reinforced concrete structures. However, applying synthetic FRP materials is expensive and may be unsafe for the environment. Therefore, natural fiber reinforced polymer (NFRP) is the best alternative FRP, especially in increasing the shear strength of reinforced concrete beams. It has good tensile strength and also is environmentally friendly. Technological developments in the field of computing make modeling various aspects easier. One of them is modeling reinforced concrete (RC) beams. In this study, the ATENA V534 software was used to evaluate the results of the research and testing behavior of reinforced concrete beams. Behavior is evaluated in the form of load and deflection, the pattern of cracks and failure, and stress and strain of reinforcements. The numerical results obtained in ATENA V534 showed good agreement with experimental results. The maximum load of the four beams, namely BN, BSTV1, BSTV2, and BSTD1, based on the finite element method analysis results using ATENA V534 are 25,89 tons, 27,53 tons, 28,14 tons, and 26,92 tons, respectively. In contrast, the maximum load obtained from experimental results are 26,79 tons, 29,40 tons, 29,45 tons, and 27,14, respectively. The difference in crack angle in the beam between ATENA V534 and the experimental result is around 2. The results of numerical analysis using ATENA V534 show a lower maximum load value, higher stiffness, and lower deflection at maximum load compared to experimental results on all reinforced concrete beams analyzed in this study
Spatial Analysis of Organic Material, CaCO3 and C-Oragnic in Coastal Area, Aceh Besar Regency
Full text linkMost of the coastal zones of Aceh Besar are areas of accumulation of organic compounds such as C-Organic and CaCO3. Therefore, studying the distribution of organic carbon and carbonates in sediments in coastal areas is necessary. This study aims to analyze the distribution of C-Organic and Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3) coupled with pH and Salinity tests spatially on the surface at a depth of 40 - 60 cm in the coastal area of Aceh Besar District. The C-Organic content was analyzed using the Walkley and Black method, while Calcium Carbonate (CaCO3) was analyzed using the Titrimetric method. Soil pH and salinity tests were carried out in situ using a pH meter, and soil salinity tests were tested using a salinometer. The study results show that the distribution of C-Organic and Carbonate content differs in each location in Aceh Besar Coastal area. The distribution of organic carbon and carbonates in the northern part of Aceh Besar, in the Ujong Batee Puteh area, has an average value of 0.86% and 10.28%. While the distribution of C-Organic in the Lamreh area is, on average, 0.44% and carbonate (CaCO3) is 8.03%. On the other hand, in the western part of Aceh Besar, the distribution C-Organic in the Ujong Pancu area is, on average, 2.83%, and carbonate (CaCO3) is 8.05%. The distribution of C-Organic in the Lhok Seudu area has an average value of 1.07% and carbonate (CaCO3) of 9.65%. The results also reveal the fact that there are 3 (three) factors that influence the distribution of C-Organic and CaCO3. These factors are the topographic location that allows the material to be eroded due to runoff, vegetation that enriches organic matter composition, and the depositional environment. The results of the pH distribution test in soil showed that the pH in the coastal area of Aceh Besar is relatively alkaline, and the salinity distribution is relatively low, indicating the absence of seawater intrusion and salt deposits. Further studies need to be carried out for other depth variations to obtain more comprehensive results of other distributions
Comparing Outlier Detection Methods using Boxplot Generalized Extreme Studentized Deviate and Sequential Fences
Full text linkOutliers identification is essential in data analysis since it can make wrong inferential statistics. This study aimed to compare the performance of Boxplot, Generalized Extreme Studentized Deviate (Generalized ESD), and Sequential Fences method in identifying outliers. A published dataset wasused in the study. Based on preliminary outlier identification, the data did not contain outliers. Each outlier detection method'sperformance was evaluated by contaminating the original data with few outliers. The contaminations were conducted by replacing the two smallest and largest observations with outliers. The analysis was conducted using SAS version 9.2 for both original and contaminated data. We found that Sequential Fences have outstanding performance in identifying outliers compared to Boxplot and Generalized ESD
Soil Quality Investigation of an Abandoned Mine Area Using Geochemical and Geospatial Approach in Jantang Village
Full text linkThe physical and chemical environmental impact in a mining area is inevitable, particularly for open pit mining areas. The impact could affect soil and water quality where mining activities, such as land clearing, blasting and hauling, occur. Thus, environmental monitoring in mining areas should be taken to measure the impact of mining activity for reclamation purposes. The objective of this research focuses on the measure of environmental impact on soil quality in terms of the nutrient content in an abandoned mine area at Jantang village, Lhoong, Aceh Besar. The research was conducted by collecting 15 soil samples, followed by laboratory analysis using atomic absorption spectrophotometry to investigate sampled 'soil's nutrients which are pH, Carbon (C-organic), Nitrogen (N-total), Phosphor (P-availability), and Ferro substance (Fe-concentration). In addition, to estimate the soil properties at locations outside the sampling area, a spatial interpolation method called inverse distance weight with an optimum power was used. The result shows that the soil is acidic, with low C-organic in the range of 0.02%1.84%, N-total 0.02%0.16%, and P-availability 0.55%3.75%. In contrast, the Fe-concentration is very high, at 30003400 ppm
Evaluation of Applying Urban Features Design Guides Concerning their Environmental Impact Inside Residential Complexes
Full text linkUrban population growth has affected the spread of residential buildings in many countries. The Kurdistan region of Iraq has been witnessing rapid progress in residential complex projects. The energy consumption in buildings, especially residential buildings, is immensely affected by the design of urban open spaces around these buildings. Accordingly, this has contributed to the massive increase in energy consumption. In this paper, through analyzing previous studies, the impacts of each of the urban features of open spaces (aspect ratio, orientation of street pattern, density, and spacing ratio) on both energy consumption and outdoor thermal comfort are introduced. Also, the study is to focus on the criteria of urban features of open spaces in three existing residential projects in Sulaimani city- Iraq, by considering that there is a remarkable unawareness of the influence of urban design on microclimate and energy use. Furthermore, a direct comparison between the ratios and the optimal settings of urban features of open spaces that reduce energy consumption in buildings and achieve outdoor thermal comfort for the hot-dry climate in the context of urban open spaces in residential complexes is made. The comparison shows that the aspect ratio for two selected residential projects is below the ideal urban features ratio, and at the same time, the density and spacing ratio for all the chosen residential cities is higher than the optimal urban features ratio of open spaces in hot arid climate zone and as a result, the total loads of energy increased