Aceh International Journal of Science and Technology
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Exploring Applications of Lagranges Equations in Technology: A Systematic Literature Review
Full text linkLagrange's equation is a formula in analytical mechanics used to solve problems with physical system dynamics. It allows mathematical modeling to simplify complex mechanical problems by changing the coordinate system, thus providing a deeper understanding of motion. In this research, a literature study was conducted using the Systemic Literature Review (SLR) method from 30 data sources, 24 of which were indexed by Scopus. A total of 11 articles have been reviewed with a focus on the application of Lagrange's equation in various technologies. The review results show that Lagrange multipliers provide a powerful tool for optimizing energy flow within complex smart grids. The benefits extend beyond smart grids. Lagrange's equations are a powerful mathematical tool applicable to various engineering challenges that involve finding optimal solutions under constraints
Variations in Site Conditions and Blast Geometry on The Formation of Toxic Gas (Fumes) in Open-Pit Coal Mining
Full text linkThe blasting activity generates one of the effects in the form of toxic gases (fumes) that can disturb living beings around them. Fumes formation is formed by the reaction of the explosive material not in a zero oxygen balance condition, and is influenced by several factors including the condition of the blast hole, rock moisture content, blast hole temperature and relative humidity, sleep blast, explosive material ratio, and poor confinement stemming. This study investigates the variations in site condition and blast geometry on the formation fumes in open-pit coal mining. This research was conducted at the coal mine of Kaltim Prima Coal (PT KPC) to quantitatively measure the levels of toxic gas (fumes) resulting from blasting activities. In-situ measurements were conducted using a gas detector suspended above a drone. From the measurement results, it was found that blasting activities at the PT KPC coal mine produce CO and NO2 gases in toxic gas visual conditions at Levels 0 and 1A. The CO gas levels resulting from blasting activities ranged from 60.34 to 324.79 ppm, and the NO2 gas levels ranged from 0.3 to 2.11 ppm. From the trial results, by altering the explosive material ratio, toxic gas visual conditions were observed at Level 2A with CO gas levels of 360.29 ppm and NO2 gas levels of 3.16 ppm. The formation of CO and NO2 gases from blasting is influenced by the blast hole temperature and humidity, as well as differences in explosive material ratios. Based on the gas CO and NO2 level measurements, according to the threshold values with the maximum exposure level for humans over a 15-minute period for both gases, it was determined that workers could safely return to the blasting site in less than 1 minute
Identification of Slip Surfaces Using Vertical Electrical Sounding Method in Desa Seumadam for The Study of Landslide-Prone Areas
Full text linkThis study explores the application of the Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) method for identifying potential slip surfaces in the Desa Seumadam region, a known landslide-prone area. By employing geophysical techniques, the assessment has been made in order to delineate the subsurface characteristics for slip surface identification landslide volume estimation. Based on data interpretation regarding the resistivity model of the subsurface in the study area, the slip surface or weak zone is classified as a clay layer underlain by sand and clayey sand layer. The clay is identified with resistivity value varying from 7 54.5 m and located at depth of 6 to 11.68 m while the sand and clayey sand layer are categorized with resistivity value of 4 1395 m with a thickness of 11.68 m. As for the estimation of landslide volume, the calculation was made using the landslide mass volume potential approach and found that the landslide volume is estimated at around 2.139 m3. It is believed that the study not only reveals the potential slip surface of the study area but also enhances the understanding of landslide mechanisms. The findings reveal valuable insights into the geological factors contributing to landslides, facilitating informed decision-making for landslide risk mitigation and land-use planning
Probabilistic Forecasting of Energy Consumption using Bayesian Dynamic Linear Models
Full text linkThis study aims to conduct a systematic literature review on the development of mathematical models for forecasting energy consumption using a probabilistic approach, particularly focusing on the Bayesian Dynamic Linear Model (BDLM). The research method employed is Systematic Literature Review (SLR), utilizing literature sources indexed in Scopus, DOAJ, and Google Scholar, with publication dates ranging from 2014 to 2024. The findings of the research indicate that the application of BDLM has made a significant contribution to the optimization of energy management, especially in sectors such as industry and commercial buildings. The study highlights the effectiveness of BDLM in accurately predicting energy consumption through a probabilistic approach that efficiently manages uncertainty. However, the research also emphasizes that BDLM presents limitations and challenges that warrant attention, including the complexity involved in parameter determination and model validation processes, as well as the importance of addressing potential biases and considering factors such as deployment impacts. This research provides deep insights into the potential and challenges in the development of mathematical models for forecasting energy consumption, while also offering directions for further research in this field
Analysis of The Effect of Changes in Thickness and Infill Density of Thermoplastic Polyurethane and Polyethylene Terephthalate Glycol Materials as a Radiological Phantom
Full text linkPhantoms are used to research image quality and the amount of attenuation as an organ simulation. If done in the human body, it would be hazardous. High radiation exposure can damage cells. Therefore, the phantom is made to resemble the properties and characteristics of a tissue so that the absorbed dose value can be analyzed according to the tissue in the organ. One use of 3D printing technology is in making phantoms. Radiology phantoms must have the same characteristics as human body tissue. This research varies the thickness and infill density of the phantom to get the suitable phantom based on material density, CT number, electron density, and effective dose. The materials used are Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU) and Polyethylene Terephthalate Glycol (PETG) with thickness variations of 1 cm, 2 cm, 3 cm, 4 cm, and 5 cm, and infill density variations of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100 %. Based on the test parameters carried out, it was found that changes in thickness did not affect the material density, EDG, EDV, and Z eff of the sample. However, changes in thickness are proportional to the CT number and electron density values. Meanwhile, changes in infill density are proportional to changes in material density values, CT number, electron density, and EDV. However, changes in infill density do not affect the EDG and Z eff values. The values obtained for each parameter are compared with the reference organ. Samples made from TPU and PETG are suitable for lung, muscle, soft tissue, and spongy bone
Assessing The Potential for Transportation Mode Switching in Mid-Sized Urban Areas using Binary Logistic Regression
Full text linkCities without public transport will suffer several issues, such as congestion, limited productive time, and a lower quality of life. The present study investigates various factors influencing public transportation choices in mid-sized urban, including gender, age, the nature of work, ownership of transportation, destination of travel, vehicles used, and vehicle preferences among respondents. The primary data in this study was gathered through household interviews conducted in 6 sub-districts of Pontianak City, West Kalimantan Province, Indonesia. After various initial data screening, 654 respondents' responses were available for further investigation. This study employs the binary logistic regression method to establish the connection between independent variables and binary responses, utilizing the JASP software. Comparative analysis is commonly employed in the early stages of data examination to assess the relationship between a variable and vehicle preference. The crosstab analysis reveals a noteworthy correlation between transportation preferences and factors such as gender and age. After conducting an analysis using the binary logistic regression model method, it was found that household size, transport ownership, age, and personal status had a significant impact (p0.05). The highest odds ratio value (1.538) is associated with household size, indicating that an increase of 1 unit in household size will positively influence the likelihood of selecting a public transport mode by 1.538 times. The implications of this study for the city's public transport service program are the importance of the socialization agenda about the benefits of using public transport and the weaknesses of using private vehicles, whether tangible or intangible
Marine Debris of Northern Aceh Waters During First Monsoon Transition Period
Full text linkPollution in the ocean caused by anthropogenic activities has been a global issue. However, data on marine debris in Aceh Waters is limited. This study was conducted to identify the category, density, and source of marine debris on the Weh Island and Aceh Island beaches during the first monsoon transition period. Samples were collected in April 2022 at four stations, namely Laweung Beach in Sumatra Island (station 1), Aron Beach in Weh Island (Station 2), Nipah Beach and Alue Riyeung Beach in Aceh Island (Station 3 and Station 4, respectively). Samples collected in a 100 m-length transect were classified into nine categories: plastic, foamed plastic, cloth, glass and ceramic, metal, paper and cupboard, rubber, wood, and others. The result depicted that the highest density was plastic (0.602-1.022 items/m2), followed by foamed plastic (0.038 to 0.654 items/m2) and rubber (0.020 to 0.089 items/m2). Turning to its appliances, plastic was mostly used as packaging, such as bottles and cups for drinking water, while foamed plastic and rubber were used for cooling boxes and footwear. As the sea current shifted during the monsoon transition period, trash from ships passing the marine routes around the Aceh Waters is assumed to be transporting debris from various countries, such as Malaysia, Thailand, and China
Interaction of Growth Pole and Shannons Entropy in Banda Aceh City
Full text linkThe development of growth poles, urban activity centers, and service centers in Banda Aceh City has impacted the spread, a complex urban phenomenon challenging to measure due to urban sprawl. The increasing need for space in urban areas drives the development of suburban and random areas (urban sprawl). This is evident from the BPS Banda Aceh City data for 2024, where the population increased by 25.61% post-tsunami, affecting the density of each sub-district in Banda Aceh City. Research using Shannons Entropy Method and the Gravitational Model is necessary to prevent uneven growth in the city of Banda Aceh. The application of Shannons Entropy method in Banda Aceh City from 2010 to 2020 can be seen in the Relative Entropy Matrix, which shows that the linear spread pattern (Quadrant C) is more dominant in the districts of Banda Raya, Baiturrahman, Kuta Raja, Kuta Alam, Lueng Bata, and Syiah Kuala. The urban spread pattern of Banda Aceh tends to move towards the East, largely due to the landform factors that are very suitable for being developed into built-up areas. Meanwhile, the results of the gravity analysis show that the area of interaction with the most substantial interaction value as the growth pole is the interaction between Kuta Alam District and Baiturrahman District, with a value of 190,617,812.346 interactions. The results of identifying the factors influencing the development of urban sprawl, such as the distance to the CBD, the GRDP of Banda Aceh City, changes in land use, housing demand, and the availability of infrastructure facilities in the districts of Banda Aceh City, can be concluded that there is an influence of urban sprawl on the spatial structure and regional patterns in Banda Aceh City
Diazo Red B Dye Removal by Electrocoagulation Method using Aluminum Electrode
Full text linkThe removal of diazo red B dye was studied in water using the electrocoagulation method with an aluminum electrode. The study aimed to reduce the presence of harmful diazo red B dyes in the environment and their impact on living organisms. This study was conducted by testing various parameters with specified values. The initial dye concentrations were set at 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 mg/L, while the electrocoagulation times were varied at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 minutes. The initial pH levels were adjusted to 5, 6, 7, and 8. The applied voltages were 2.5, 5, 7.5, 12.5 V, and the distances between electrodes varied at 1, 1.25, 1.5, 1.75, and 2 cm. The study also examined the effects of initial dye concentration on electrocoagulation time, its interaction with pH, and the influence of pH on electrocoagulation time. These parameters aim to determine the optimum conditions for diazo red B removal, as measured by a UV-Vis spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 420 nm. The optimum removal efficiency of diazo red B was achieved with 94.32% for an initial dye concentration of 30 mg/L, 94.13% for an electrocoagulation time of 180 minutes, 96.00% at a pH of 6, 95.32% for a voltage of 7.5 V, and 95,75% for an electrode distance of 1.5 cm. Additionally, the efficiencies were 99.5% for concentration relative to time was 99.5%, for concentration relative to pH was 97.85%, and for pH relative to time was 96.00%. Additionally, the coagulant analysis of the electrocoagulation results was carried out using FTIR and morphological analysis of the surface of the damaged aluminum anode using an optical microscope
Implementation of Deterministic and Multimineral Method in Petrophysical Analysis for Identifying Low Resistivity Reservoir in Tesla Field, Air Benakat Formation, South Sumatera Basin
Full text linkThe Tesla field is located in the South Sumatra Basin, where there is the Air Benakat Formation, with the constituent rocks being dominated by alternating sandstone and claystone so that it is a shaly sand environment with the potential to become a low-resistivity hydrocarbon reservoir. Hydrocarbon reservoirs generally have a resistivity log value of more than 10 m; when a hydrocarbon reservoir has a low-resistivity value between 0.5 - 5 m, it is referred to as a low-resistivity hydrocarbon reservoir. Initially, deterministic analysis was carried out to calculate the petrophysical parameters of the potentially low-resistivity reservoirs. However, the results show a low validation value of petrophysics parameters, such as effective porosity and water saturation, when compared to the DST data, so a multimineral analysis is carried out to increase the validation value of the petrophysical parameters. The use of the multimineral method has produced the petrophysics parameter closer to DST Data when compared to the petrophysics parameter produced by the deterministic method in Tesla Field. The formation analysis shows that the low resistivity reservoir in the Tesla Field is caused by the grain size of the sandstone, which is very fine so that it can bind water significantly (irreducible water), abundant shale content, and distributed by lamination of shale, dispersed shale, and structural shale as well as the presence of conductive glauconite minerals