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Wortschreibung und Interpunktion in digitalen Interaktionen: Formen und Funktionen graphematischer Kontextualisierung
No full textDigitale Interaktionen, die den kommunikativen Alltag von Menschen durchdringen, vollziehen sich zu einem Großteil im Modus einer Keyboard-to-Screen-Kommunikation (Jucker/Dürscheid 2012). Beteiligte agieren also auf der Basis von graphischen Zeicheninventaren, die Medien-plattformen zur Verfügung stellen, um an verschiedenen kommunikativen Konstellationen zu partizipieren und jeweils in Orientierung zu Adressatinnen und Aktivitätstypen schreibstilistisch zu variieren. Der Beitrag fokussiert auf diese graphischen Mittel als Minimaleinheiten einer vernetzten Schriftlichkeit und entwirft in Anschluss an graphematische Forschung eine Klassifika-tion ihrer Formbereiche. Im Zentrum stehen dabei zwei Zeicheninventare: Buchstaben und In-terpunktionszeichen. Der Beitrag diskutiert jeden dieser Bereiche als Ressourcenpool digitaler Kontextualisierungsverfahren und zeigt unter Einbezug aktueller empirischer Forschung For-men und Funktionen graphematischer Kontextualisierung auf. Damit demonstriert das Kapitel die systematische Verschränkung strukturbezogener, schriftlinguistischer Zugänge mit einer interaktional-handlungsanalytischen Erforschung digitaler Kommunikation
Can Lymph Node Involvement in Unilateral Wilms Tumor be Predicted by Preoperatively known Data in Combination with Intraoperative Findings?
No full textOBJECTIVE
This study aimed to identify parameters that allow the estimation of tumor-infiltrated lymph nodes (LN) after pretreatment for unilateral Wilms tumor (WT).
SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA
Complete tumor resection with removal of regional LN is always necessary. Positive LNs require local irradiation influencing benefits in case of NSS in long-term follow-up. Clinical and tumor-related data available at the time of surgery in combination with intraoperative findings (IAF) were used to estimate the LN status during surgery.
METHODS
Altogether, 2115 patients with unilateral WT were prospectively enrolled in SIOP-93-01 / GPOH and SIOP-2001 / GPOH over a period of 30 years (1993-2023). LN infiltration by tumor was calculated for age, sex, metastases at diagnosis, tumor volume (TV), TV shrinkage, and intraoperative findings (IAF) using logistic regression models.
RESULTS
Age ≥48 months (P1: P<0.001, OR 3.54, CI 2.13 - 5.88) correlated with positive LNs. TV shrinkage was not predictive of positive LN. Three flow charts were developed based on age, TV at diagnosis, metastasis, and IAF. These flowcharts defined risks between 0% and 41.5% for LN infiltration by tumor.
CONCLUSIONS
The combination of age, TV at diagnosis, and metastasis with IAF allows the estimation of the frequency of positive LNs, which may help surgeons deciding about NSS
Caries status in 12-year-old children, geographical location and socioeconomic conditions across European countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Full text linkBACKGROUND
Understanding of socioeconomic context might enable more efficient evidence-based preventive strategies in oral health.
AIM
The study assessed the caries-related socioeconomic macro-factors in 12-year-olds across European countries.
DESIGN
This systematic review involved epidemiological surveys on the caries status of 12-year-olds from 2011 to 2022. DMFT was analyzed in relation to gross national income (GNI), United Nations Statistical Division geographical categorization of European countries (M49), unemployment rate, Human Development Index (HDI), and per capita expenditure on dental health care. A meta-analysis was performed for countries reporting data on DMFT, stratified by GNI, and geographical location of European countries, using a random-effects model.
RESULTS
The study involved 493 360 children from 36 countries in the geographic region of Europe. The analysis confirmed a strong negative correlation between income and caries experience (p < .01). Children living in higher-income countries showed 90% lower odds of poor oral health than in middle-income countries. Children living in West Europe showed 90% lower odds of poor oral health than children living in East Europe.
CONCLUSION
The strong effect of macro-level socioeconomic contexts on children's oral health suggests favoring upstream preventive oral health strategies in countries with economic growth difficulties, Eastern and Southern parts of Europe
Anterior cruciate ligament repair using dynamic intraligamentary stabilization grants 88.5% survival at minimum follow-up of 5 years.
No full textPURPOSE
The aim of this study was to report on the revision rates and clinical outcomes following dynamic intraligamentary stabilization (DIS) at a minimum follow-up of 5 years and to investigate which preoperative or intraoperative characteristics could influence revision rates or clinical scores.
METHODS
The authors retrospectively assessed all 609 knees that underwent ACL repair using DIS at a single centre. At a minimum follow-up of 5 years, patients were assessed using the Lysholm, International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) and Tegner scores, as well as passive flexion and extension.
RESULTS
At a follow-up of 5.1 ± 0.3 years (range, 5-10), of the 609 patients, 428 patients were available for clinical assessment. Anterior tibial translation decreased from 9.7 ± 2.1 to 7.8 ± 1.9 mm, and side-to-side difference decreased from 4.3 ± 2.3 to 1.5 ± 1.8 mm. The postoperative Lysholm score was 96.9 ± 5.6, subjective IKDC was 95.6 ± 6.1 and Tegner scores ranged from 4 to 11, of which 51% of patients had a score of 7 or more. The estimated survival rate was 86% for the first half of the cohort and increased to 91% for the second half of the cohort.
CONCLUSION
At a minimum follow-up of 5 years following ACL repair using DIS, it was found that it grants satisfactory clinical outcomes and that surgeons should inform patients who have predispositions about the higher risk of revision.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Level IV retrospective study
Teaching Schoolchildren Recalling the Emergency Number with Easy Cognitive Aids - A Pilot Study.
No full textIntroducing the Electronic Database of Investment Treaties (EDIT): The Genesis of a New Database and Its Use
No full textThis article introduces a novel database on investment treaties called the Electronic Database of Investment Treaties (EDIT). We describe the genesis of the database and what makes EDIT the most comprehensive and systematic database to date. What stands out besides the coverage is that treaties are all provided in one single language (English) and in one single format that is machine-readable. In the second part of the article, we provide selected illustrations on how the data can be used to address research questions in international law, international political economy, and international relations by applying text-as-data methods and by extracting and visualizing data based on EDIT
An International, Expert-based, Delphi Consensus Document on Controversial Issues in the Management of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms.
No full textOBJECTIVE
As a result of conflicting, inadequate or controversial data in the literature, several issues concerning the management of patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) remain unanswered. The aim of this international, expert-based Delphi Consensus document was to provide some guidance for clinicians on these controversial topics.
METHODS
A 3-Round Delphi Consensus document was produced with 44 experts on 6 pre-specified topics regarding the management of AAAs. All answers were provided anonymously. The response rate for each round was 100%.
RESULTS
Most participants (42 of 44; 95.4%) agreed that a minimum case volume/year is essential (or probably essential) for a center to offer open/endovascular AAA repair (EVAR). Furthermore, 33 of 44 (75.0%) believed that AAA screening programs are (probably) still clinically effective and cost-effective. Additionally, most panelists (36 of 44; 81.9%) voted that surveillance after EVAR should be (or should probably be) lifelong. Finally, 35 of 44 (79.7%) participants thought that women smokers should (or should probably/possibly) be considered for screening at 65 years of age similar to men. No consensus was achieved regarding lowering the threshold for AAA repair and the need for deep venous thrombosis prophylaxis in patients undergoing EVAR.
CONCLUSIONS
This expert-based Delphi Consensus document provides guidance for clinicians regarding specific unresolved issues. Consensus could not be achieved in some topics, highlighting the need for further research in those areas
Is location more determining than WHO grade for long-term clinical outcome in patients with meningioma in the first two decades of life?
Full text linkOBJECTIVE
To identify factors for tumor relapse and poor outcome in patients with meningiomas in the first two decades of life.
METHODS
All patients ≤ 21 years of age who underwent resection of a meningioma at the department of neurosurgery, Medical University of Vienna between 1989 and 2022 were included in this retrospective study. Clinical and radiological data were extracted from the medical records. Outcome and tumor relapse were analyzed for tumor location, histological findings and extent of resection.
RESULTS
In this study 18 patients were included, 6 meningiomas were located in the skull base, 5 in the convexity and 7 in other locations including intraventricular and spine (2 patients each), falx, intraparenchymal and optic nerve sheath. Most frequent symptoms were seizures and cranial nerve palsy. In total 56% of the meningiomas were World Health organization (WHO) grade 1, 39% grade 2 and 5% grade 3. Gross total resection was achieved in 67%. The overall relapse rate was 61% and 50% underwent repeat surgery. All patients with convexity meningiomas became seizure free and had a favorable outcome. Relapse and clinical outcome were independent of WHO grade among the whole cohort but the outcome significantly depended on the WHO grade when patients with skull base meningiomas were analyzed as a subgroup. The relapse rate was significantly higher in cases of skull base location (100% vs. 42%, p = 0.038) and after subtotal resection (100% vs. 42%, p = 0.038). Clinical outcome was also significantly worse and the rate of complications was higher in patients with skull base meningiomas.
CONCLUSION
Patients with convexity meningiomas in the first two decades of life have a good outcome due to high chance of gross total resection. Patients with skull base meningioma are at high risk of relapse and poor outcome, particularly those with WHO grades 2 and 3. Subtotal resection in patients with skull base location is probably the main reason for this difference
Cementum and enamel surface mimicry influences soft tissue cell behavior.
Full text linkAIMS
To test whether titanium surface roughness disparity might be used to specifically guide the behavior of gingiva fibroblasts and keratinocytes, thereby improving the quality of soft tissue (ST) integration around abutments.
METHODS
Titanium discs resembling the roughness of enamel (M) or cementum (MA) were created with normal or increased hydrophilicity and used as substrates for human fibroblasts and keratinocytes. Adhesion and proliferation assays were performed to assess cell-type specific responses upon encountering the different surfaces. Additionally, immunofluorescence and qPCR analyses were performed to study more in depth the behavior of fibroblasts and keratinocytes on MA and M surfaces, respectively.
RESULTS
While enamel-like M surfaces supported adhesion, growth and a normal differentiation potential of keratinocytes, cementum-emulating MA surfaces specifically impaired the growth of keratinocytes. Vice versa, MA surfaces sustained regular adhesion and proliferation of fibroblasts. Yet, a more intimate adhesion between fibroblasts and titanium was achieved by an increased hydrophilicity of MA surfaces, which was associated with an increased expression of elastin.
CONCLUSION
The optimal titanium implant abutment might be achieved by a bimodal roughness design, mimicking the roughness of enamel (M) and cementum with increased hydrophilicity (hMA), respectively. These surfaces can selectively elicit cell responses favoring proper ST barrier by impairing epithelial downgrowth and promoting firm adhesion of fibroblasts
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