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Energy assessments of onboard CO2 capture from ship engines by MEA-based post combustion capture system with flue gas heat integration
No full textAn early phase feasibility study was carried out for offshore CO2 capture from ship engines of a CO2 transport ship. A flexible in-house process simulator was applied in the assessments. Parametric studies of the overall onboard process were enabled by a fast data-driven capture plant model derived from supervised machine learning by PLS regression of a large dataset of rigorous simulations. The results show, based on the given models and assumptions, that the thermal energy coming from the ship engine exhaust gas is not sufficient alone to cover the thermal energy demand of an absorption-based CO2 capture unit operating above 50% capture rate using 30 wt% MEA (mono-ethanolamine) as solvent. The thermal energy demand can be met using a fuel afterburner as heat source. The added fuel consumption is estimated to increase the fuel consumption by 6–9% when operating with liquefied natural gas (LNG) as fuel source, while an increase of 8–12% is expected with diesel as fuel source. The effect of absorber height on energy consumption at a given CO2 capture rate is limited, especially for lower capture rates, and may be an important degree of freedom for optimizing the CAPEX/OPEX trade-offs. Use of state-of-the art solvents with lower specific energy consumptions will shift the results towards higher capture rates before a fuel afterburner is required to meet the thermal energy demands
Evolution of ore-forming fluids in a post-collisional porphyry Cu-Au system: A case study from the Bučim deposit, Republic of North Macedonia
No full textThe Bučim porphyry Cu-Au deposit is situated in the westernmost part of the Serbo-Macedonian Massif, Republic of North Macedonia. The deposit is hosted by Precambrian gneisses with tectonically imbedded rare lenses of Palaeozoic amphibolites. The mineralization is spatially associated with intrusions of andesitic to trachyandesitic magmatic bodies. The geochemical signature of the intrusions and their radiogenic age suggest that the Bučim porphyry Cu-Au deposit represents a product of the Oligocene/Early Miocene post-collisional magmatic activity. The Vrˇsnik intrusion, the youngest among four intrusions at the Bučim deposit, has not been subjected to later magmatic overprints and was therefore selected for studying the evolution of ore-forming fluids in post-collisional porphyry Cu-Au systems. The Cu-Au mineralization is spatially associated with hydrothermal alteration assemblages within and around the Vrˇsnik intrusion. The infiltration of hot, nearneutral, oxidized, and highly saline and metal-rich aqueous solutions developed a mineralized potassic alteration zone. The fluid inclusion study suggests the formation temperature and pressure of 600-645⁰C and 0.675 kbar, respectively. This alteration zone is characterized by the replacement of amphibole with biotite and crystallization of hydrothermal biotite, magnetite, and hematite within the fine-grained groundmass of the intrusion. The oxidation of ferrous to ferric iron in this alteration zone has been recognized as a possible trigger for sulfate reduction and the consequent deposition of sulfide mineralization. The fluid inclusion study reflects that the barren phyllic alteration zone represents a product of infiltration of hot and saline fluids with a high metal-transport capability. Anyhow, sericitization and silicification suggest a low pH that might have played a significant role in preventing Cu deposition. The stable isotope composition of carbonates associated with the phyllic alteration zone point to a contribution of magmatic CO2. The mineralized chlorite alteration zone is mainly well developed along the contact between the intrusion and surrounding gneisses and reflects conditions of a high water/rock ratio. The fluid inclusion assemblages composed exclusively of vapor-rich inclusions indicate fluid flashing, probably associated with the transition from the lithostatic to hydrostatic regime at the point when the system cooled down to approximately 400⁰C. The liquid + vapor fluid inclusion assemblages point to dilution and cooling episodes, apparently related to mixing of ore-bearing fluids and meteoric water. The decrease in temperature as well as the decrease in the fluid salinity are associated with the mobility of metals transported in forms of their chloride complexes, including Cu, Au and Ag. The barren argillic alteration zone was developed under the influence of relatively cold and diluted fluids, with very limited capability for transport of metals. The water/rock ratio was relatively high but lower comparing the chlorite alteration zone. The presented study revealed that development of hydrothermal alteration zones and evolution of ore-forming fluids in post-collisional porphyry Cu-Au systems are comparable with those known from subduction-related magmatic arcs
In Vivo Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Methods for Investigating Cardiac Metabolism
No full textMagnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is a non-invasive and non-ionizing technique, enabling in vivo investigation of cardiac metabolism in normal and diseased hearts. In vivo measurement tools are critical for studying mechanisms that regulate cardiac energy metabolism in disease developments and to assist in early response assessments to novel therapies. For cardiac MRS, proton (1H), phosphorus (31P), and hyperpolarized 13-carbon (13C) provide valuable metabolic information for diagnosis and treatment assessment purposes. Currently, low sensitivity and some technical limitations limit the utility of MRS. An essential step in translating MRS for clinical use involves further technological improvements, particularly in coil design, improving the signal-to-noise ratios, field homogeneity, and optimizing radiofrequency sequences. This review addresses the recent advances in metabolic imaging by MRS from primarily the literature published since 2015
Likestilling og mangfold i maritim næring og utdanning - en kartlegging
No full textMaritim næring, som omfatter rederier, verft og utstyrs- og tjenesteleverandører, er tradisjonelt mannsdominert i Norge. I perioden 2016-2020 var andelen kvinner blant norske ansatte til sjøs kun 12 prosent. I forbindelse med utarbeidelse av en ny maritim likestillingsstrategi ønsker departementet nå å få mer kunnskap om situasjonen.
Østlandsforskning ved Høgskolen i Innlandet har i samarbeid med Stiftelsen Maritime Bergen, som representerer havbaserte næringer, kartlagt mangfoldet i næringen. Hvilke forhold hindrer kjønnslikestilling og hvilke tiltak bidrar til mer likestilling? I tillegg belyses mulige samfunnsøkonomiske gevinster ved økt likestilling og mangfold. Det er gjort blant annet statistiske analyser, dybdeintervjuer med kvinner og menn i næringen og fokusgruppeintervjuer med interesseorganisasjoner, bedrifter, de maritime utdanningene, studenter og unge arbeidstakere
Vegetasjon og beite i området kring Nørdre Syndin, Helin, Smådalen og Skakadalen. Rapport frå vegetasjonskartlegging i Vang kommune.
No full textNorsk institutt for bioøkonomi utførte somrane 2020 og 2021 vegetasjonskartlegging i Vang kommune. Samla areal var 205 km². Kartlegginga er gjort etter instruks for kartlegging i målestokk 1:20 000 - 50 000 (VK25). Det er laga vegetasjonskart og 2 avleia temakart for beite for sau og storfe. Denne rapp-orten beskriv metode for kartlegging, registrerte vegetasjonstypar og deira fordeling i området. Det er gjeve ein omtale av beiteverdi og beitekapasitet, samt nokre råd kring skjøtsel av kulturlandskap og beite
Dynamic estimates of extreme-case CO2 storage capacity for basin-scale heterogeneous systems under geological uncertainty
No full textGeological CO2 storage is expected to grow dramatically in the coming decades to meet global climate targets. Assessment of worldwide storage resources using static methods indicates significant theoretical potential for large-scale deployment. Dynamic capacity estimates are needed at the basin-scale that fully capture the impact of geological uncertainty and account for regional limits on pressure buildup. Accurate quantification of the risk of low or critically low capacity under extreme occurrences of heterogeneity will be increasingly important. There are significant challenges associated with efficient computation of low probability capacity within Monte Carlo frameworks at these scales. In this paper, we propose a workflow for uncertainty quantification that is able to efficiently estimate increasingly outer percentiles of dynamic capacity such as P1, P0.1, or even lower probability events. Our approach is based on the rare-event methodology that uses a subset simulation approach to concentrate sampling of the parameter space in the tail regions of the capacity distributions. This approach greatly speeds up uncertainty quantification for very small probabilities compared to standard Monte Carlo. We demonstrate the method by introducing a correlated heterogeneity field to a highly prospective basin-scale system that can support regional injection rates of 100 million tons annually. We find that the outer quantiles are more sensitive to the underlying geostatistical model compared to the median P50 capacity. This implies that for large-scale systems, well characterized heterogeneity is essential to identify the likelihood of very rare yet still relevant dynamic estimates of storage capacity
Rhythmic Relating: Bidirectional support for social timing in autism therapies
No full textWe propose Rhythmic Relating for autism: a system of supports for friends, therapists, parents, and educators; a system which aims to augment bidirectional communication and complement existing therapeutic approaches. We begin by summarizing the developmental significance of social timing and the social-motor-synchrony challenges observed in early autism. Meta-analyses conclude the early primacy of such challenges, yet cite the lack of focused therapies. We identify core relational parameters in support of social-motor-synchrony and systematize these using the communicative musicality constructs: pulse; quality; and narrative. Rhythmic Relating aims to augment the clarity, contiguity, and pulse-beat of spontaneous behavior by recruiting rhythmic supports (cues, accents, turbulence) and relatable vitality; facilitating the predictive flow and just-ahead-in-time planning needed for good-enough social timing. From here, we describe possibilities for playful therapeutic interaction, small-step co-regulation, and layered sensorimotor integration. Lastly, we include several clinical case examples demonstrating the use of Rhythmic Relating within four different therapeutic approaches (Dance Movement Therapy, Improvisational Music Therapy, Play Therapy, and Musical Interaction Therapy). These clinical case examples are introduced here and several more are included in the Supplementary Material (Examples of Rhythmic Relating in Practice). A suite of pilot intervention studies is proposed to assess the efficacy of combining Rhythmic Relating with different therapeutic approaches in playful work with individuals with autism. Further experimental hypotheses are outlined, designed to clarify the significance of certain key features of the Rhythmic Relating approach
Teorier om lovlydighet og håndhevelse: Hvilken virkelighetsforståelse skal tilsynet bygge på?
No full textEt tilsyn må baseres på generelle antakelser om hvordan mennesker motiveres til å handle lovlydig. Slike antakelser – som betegnes som teorier går i to hovedretninger innen lovlydighetsforskningen. Den ene retningen ser på mennesket som et fritt og selvisk individ motivert av forventninger om personlig belønning og straff. Den andre retningen ser på mennesket som et sosialt vesen formet av kulturens normer og virkelighetsoppfatninger. Dette sosiale vesenet motiveres av behov for tilhørighet i menneskelige fellesskap. Kapitlet oppsummerer hva forskningen sier om riktigheten av disse modellene, og hva funnene innebærer for lovhåndhevelsen. Kapitlet argumenter for at effektivt tilsyn trenger et virkemiddelapparat som er mangfoldig nok til å kunne appellere til ulike typer motivasjoner. Den såkalte håndhevelsespyramiden, som har hatt stor innflytelse på tilsynsforskningen i senere år, beskriver hvordan et slikt virkemiddelapparat kan utformes
Overexpression of NOX2 Exacerbates AngII‐Mediated Cardiac Dysfunction and Metabolic Remodelling
No full textThe present study aimed to examine the effects of low doses of angiotensin II (AngII) on cardiac function, myocardial substrate utilization, energetics, and mitochondrial function in C57Bl/6J mice and in a transgenic mouse model with cardiomyocyte specific upregulation of NOX2 (csNOX2 TG). Mice were treated with saline (sham), 50 or 400 ng/kg/min of AngII (AngII50 and AngII400) for two weeks. In vivo blood pressure and cardiac function were measured using plethysmography and echocardiography, respectively. Ex vivo cardiac function, mechanical efficiency, and myocardial substrate utilization were assessed in isolated perfused working hearts, and mitochondrial function was measured in left ventricular homogenates. AngII50 caused reduced mechanical efficiency despite having no effect on cardiac hypertrophy, function, or substrate utilization. AngII400 slightly increased systemic blood pressure and induced cardiac hypertrophy with no effect on cardiac function, efficiency, or substrate utilization. In csNOX2 TG mice, AngII400 induced cardiac hypertrophy and in vivo cardiac dysfunction. This was associated with a switch towards increased myocardial glucose oxidation and impaired mitochondrial oxygen consumption rates. Low doses of AngII may transiently impair cardiac efficiency, preceding the development of hypertrophy induced at higher doses. NOX2 overexpression exacerbates the AngII -induced pathology, with cardiac dysfunction and myocardial metabolic remodelling
De Carmen Balcells a Indent Literary Agency. Para un mapeo y caracterización del agente literario de la literatura latinoamericana
No full textEste artículo propone un análisis del papel que desempeñan los agentes literarios como actores cada vez más decisivos en la proyección internacional de la literatura latinoamericana. Se ofrece una rápida historización de su emergencia y consolidación hasta llegar al contexto actual de la globalización. También se elabora un mapeo parcial de las agencias hoy más influyentes en la gestión de derechos de autores latinoamericanos. Se propone, además, una lectura de la novela El jardín de al lado, de José Donoso, como un texto que ficcionaliza el momento de aparición de los agentes en el mundo de habla hispana y las tensiones que generó su emergencia. Entre las conclusiones, se sostiene que la función de los agentes no es meramente gestionar derechos sino que su intervención posee un carácter creativo y que sirve para cohesionar el mercado transnacional de literatura