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Developing the Workplace Learning Social System:considerations for genomics implementation and workforce preparedness
No full textInnovations, such as genomics, are expected to transform the practice of the healthcare workforce. Workplace learning is an established and fundamental component of healthcare workforce training. We propose that it can be leveraged to facilitate workforce preparedness to adopt innovations relevant to practice. To explore this, this study aimed to develop a workplace learning framework premised on primary literature. Four databases were systematically searched to identify and synthesize contemporary research articles investigating doctors’ workplace learning, with an additional focus on genetics/genomics. From the articles included, factors influencing workplace learning were extracted. Informed by structuration and workplace learning theories, thematic analysis was conducted on these factors to generate the framework. Despite the lack of articles on doctors’ genetics/genomics workplace learning, 50 articles on doctors’ workplace learning were included. Extracted influencing factors were synthesized into five major domains, across three social system levels and the agentic learner, to generate the Workplace Learning Social System framework. Innovations in healthcare require its workforce to change work practices. The Workplace Learning Social System framework holistically conceptualizes workplace learning based on contemporary literature. It provides pragmatic insights to inform workforce development when implementing innovations as part of system-wide change.</p
‘Green Death’ tax from a Labor-Greens minority government?
Get PDFThe Greens don’t want you to succeed. They want to take your money so they can turn Australia into a socialist nightmare. Labor’s plans aren’t far behind them. It’s a case of the Mensheviks (who wanted to use legal trade union means to socialism) versus the Bolsheviks (who wanted to overthrow the state).But as Adam Bandt has indicated, he looks forward to a ‘golden era of reform’ in minority government where the Greens’ stated policy priority will be to take ‘action on negative gearing and [the] capital gains tax discount’.Can we be sure Labor will reject the Greens’ plans
Albo wants to tax ‘future you’
Get PDFWe’ve been forced to have a large chunk of our money locked away in super funds since 1992. Of the 1 trillion – of our money. Part of this ends up funding Labor. I explained how over a year ago.But now Labor wants to double the concessional tax rate on super funds with a balance of $3 million or more (from 15 to 30 per cent), and also to tax unrealised capital gains. Basically, Labor wants to tax ‘future you’
The Validity and Engagement of the OSTRC-H2 Questionnaire as a Surveillance Tool to Detect Health Problems in a High-Performance Australian Youth Diving Cohort:An Observational Study
No full textBackground and Aims: The Oslo Sports Trauma Research Centre (OSTRC) questionnaire on health problems was developed to monitor self-reported health problems and their severity in junior and elite sporting populations but has yet to be validated in a youth diving cohort. This study aimed to assess the validity and degree of athlete engagement with the OSTRC-H2 questionnaire among youth Australian divers over 10 weeks and also report on their health problems via medical attention records. Methods: Thirty-seven youth Australian divers completed the OSTRC-H2 every Sunday for 10 consecutive weeks and also continued to report all medical attention health problems to their health professional during this period. Results: Engagement showed that the mean response rate was 72.3%, with a high variation among athletes (SD = 27.0%, range = 10.0%–100.0%). When accounting for missing reports, agreement with medical attention records indicated 93.8% for illness (±10.4), 82.4% for injury (±24.9), and 74.4% for training status (±25.1). Notably, the OSTRC-H2 recorded more illnesses (n = 7, 16 reports) than medical attention records (n = 4, 5 reports). During the 10-week surveillance period, 97 medical attention records were created, documenting 25 injuries and 4 illnesses. Conclusion: The OSTRC-H2 demonstrated a moderate to high response rate and good agreement (excluding missing reports) as a surveillance tool. It effectively identifies health problems in this cohort, particularly illness, and may assist to minimize severity and reduce time-loss health problems, positively impacting training and competition performance for youth Australian high-performance divers.</p
Sex-related differences in the acute physiological response to a high-intensity CrossFit® workout
No full textCrossFit® is popular form of fitness training but the cardiorespiratory, hemodynamic and metabolic responses have not been well characterised. We compared responses to a short Fran CrossFit® session (consisting of three rounds of 21, 15 and 9 front squat to press overhead and pull-ups) between sexes to evaluate differences in acute exercise effects. Twenty-five (15 males and 10 females) trained participants performed a prescribed Fran session at maximal exertion. Cardiorespiratory variables were assessed at baseline, during and post-exercise. The rating of perceived exertion, blood pressure, blood lactate and glucose concentrations were measured at baseline and in the recovery period. The males completed Fran session in less time (males 177 ± 15 vs females 206 ± 27 s; mean ± SD), resulting in higher peak oxygen uptake values (50.1 ± 3.3 vs 46.4 ± 2.2 mL kg −1 min −1), heart rate (187 ± 6 vs 180 ± 3 b min−1) and percentage heart rate (96 ± 3 vs 93 ± 1 %) compared to females. In addition, elevated systolic blood pressure (male 154 ± 8 vs females 149 ± 10 mmHg), double product (27,050 ± 1504 vs 25,999 ± 2253 mmHg b∙min −1), blood lactate (15.7 ± 1.7 vs 14.6 ± 2.0 mmol L−1) and glucose (132 ± 15 vs 132 ± 14 mg dL−1) values were observed in both sexes post-exercise. The substantial metabolic demands associated with a Fran session can yield similar elevations in cardiorespiratory and hemodynamic responses in both sexes, meeting the criteria for developing cardiorespiratory fitness. Complementarily, these results suggest that researchers and coaches can use the Fran session at maximal effort to assess and monitor crossfitters' training status throughout a CrossFit® season, guiding efforts towards excellence in this demanding sport.</p
Enhancing early childhood teacher education:the role of a multidisciplinary play conference in shaping preservice teachers’ understanding
No full textPlay is a cornerstone of early childhood education, with play-based learning espoused as the most appropriate mode of instruction in the early years. However, other professions have different conceptualizations of play that can enhance and/or disrupt early childhood teachers’ ideas and inform their practice. While conference attendance is not typically a feature of initial teacher education, it is, however, an acknowledged source of professional learning for in-service teachers. Drawing on Kolb’s Experiential Learning Theory, this paper investigates 21 Australian early childhood preservice teachers’ (PSTs) experiences and perceptions of attending an international multidisciplinary play conference. Data comprised discussion board posts and written reflections. Results revealed that PST’s conceptualizations of play were expanded through exposure to different play professionals; PSTs valued being part of the wider international play community and were inspired by what they heard and saw. We argue that conference attendance is a complementary and important addition to initial teacher education preparation alongside coursework and professional experience placements
Handling unobserved confounding for continuous sequential data via extracting key sub-intervals
No full textExisting methods for addressing unobserved confounding (UC) face practical limitations. Instrumental variable (IV) methods require additional variables, while “instrument-free” (IF) methods rely on specific model assumptions. This paper introduces a novel causal effect estimation method, CanKeSie (Causal Analysis based on Key Sub-interval Extraction), based on key sub-interval extraction to suppress UC in continuous sequential data. The key steps of CanKeSie for estimating fixed causal effects include: (1) extracting sub-intervals centered on change-points of the target variable (i.e., the explanatory variable of interest), (2) performing window regression to obtain a sub-estimator of the regression coefficient for the target variable within each sub-interval, and (3) combining these sub-estimators with appropriate weights to obtain an overall estimator. Among these steps, change-point detection is a core component of CanKeSie. To improve its accuracy, this paper proposes a novel algorithm, WASCC-CCPR (Cutting and Clustering combined with Peak Recognition based on Weighted Adjustment for Shape Context Cost), which incorporates three key techniques: data denoising, data-driven thresholding, and the construction of WASCC statistic. Furthermore, we enhance CanKeSie with spline fitting to enable time-varying causal estimation. Simulations confirm its effectiveness and highlight the superior performance of WASCC-CCPR. Two empirical studies show that CanKeSie's findings align with real-world survey data.</p
Thermoregulation and dehydration in children and youth exercising in extreme heat compared with adults
No full textOBJECTIVE: To compare hyperthermia and physiological dehydration risk during exercise heat stress between children of different ages and adults and evaluate an existing adult sweat rate calculator in children.METHODS: 68 fit and recreationally active children aged 10-16 years (31 girls), and 24 adults aged 18-40 years (11 females) completed three separate 45 min treadmill walking/running trials at different intensities on different days at 30°C, 40% relative humidity (RH) (WARM) or 40°C, 30% RH (HOT). Exposures were randomised to elicit intensities scaled to (1) fitness, (2) mass and (3) surface area. Core (gastrointestinal (T gi)) temperature was measured continuously and dehydration determined using body mass changes. RESULTS: Except for 60% V̇O 2peak in WARM, in which adults exhibited a greater T gi rise compared with 10-13 years, there was no effect of age on T gi during exercise (p≥0.176). Physiological rates of dehydration were not affected by age in WARM (p≥0.08) or HOT (p≥0.08). Mean predicted sweat rate error was +0.08 kg/hour (95% CIs: -0.10, +0.25) across WARM and HOT, and 80.5% of variability in sweating was explained by the adult sweat rate calculator. CONCLUSIONS: Using the most comprehensive paediatric exercise heat stress dataset from a single study to date, we show that children aged 10-16 years are at a similar risk of hyperthermia and dehydration as adults during exercise up to 40°C. This supports recent changes to paediatric sport heat policies that were based on limited data. Practitioners can potentially reduce behavioural dehydration risks from inadequate fluid consumption using an existing adult sweat rate calculator for children.</p
In-depth exploration of ‘therapeutic mealtime experiences’ in inpatient rehabilitation:mixed-methods multiple case studies
No full textPurpose: To explore how mealtime planning and delivery practices in inpatient rehabilitation influence therapeutic mealtime experiences. Methods: This multiple case study used convergent mixed methods analysis of case-specific data across two metropolitan general rehabilitation sites. Interviews, patient reported experience measures, and a chart audit were conducted at two timepoints for participants. Within-case analysis involved descriptive and qualitative analysis, and across-case analysis involved identifying patterns and differences across cases, with findings organised to Donabedian’s structure-process-outcome model. Results: The dining room was the most discussed mealtime structure to promote therapeutic mealtime experiences, enabling access to care, therapy activity, and social engagement. Mealtime structures with built-in flexibility and staff knowing their patients supported tailoring of experiences and enabled person-centred care. Compassionate and attentive interactions with staff created a genuine approach to care, positively influencing patients’ psychosocial well-being. Most patients self-initiated using mealtimes for additional therapeutic activity, but mealtimes were also a time of rest and an opportunity to maintain personhood. Conclusion: Mealtimes have substantial potential to contribute positively to patients’ rehabilitation and offer clinicians opportunities to engage patients in rehabilitation. Flexible mealtime systems enable staff to provide person-centred care, but improvements are needed to ensure this is delivered consistently for all patients.</p