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Miniature physical sphere-in-contact models of heterogeneous catalysts and metal nanoparticles
No full textContext
Physical molecular models have played a fundamental role in the understanding of chemical reactions on heterogeneous catalysts and on metal nanoparticles. To date, these physical models have been based on separate models of the metal nanoparticle (NP) or surface and of the substrate and the molecular structure of reactant and product adsorbates and their intermediates. In this paper, we try to provide a new miniature physical molecular model, the sphere-in-contact model of heterogeneous catalysts and metal nanoparticles that can build inexpensive, small and efficient molecular models that can be transported or shipped easily and that depict the chemical reaction as a whole, showing reactants, intermediates, products, the metal nanoparticle bound to the substrate which can give information about a reaction mechanism. These models reveal that there are certain rules with respect to the kind of sites you observe at the metal NP interface with the support by small movement of the nanoparticle.
Methods
We have used in this study physical molecular models using the sphere-in-contact model. This is the first time such physical models are built for heterogeneous catalytic reactions and metal nanoparticles, and they are constructed out of spheres that fuse together when exposed to water
Hildegard von Bingen
No full textHildegard von Bingen is a chamber opera set in the Rheinhessen district of Germany in the mid twelfth century. It focusses on incidents in the life of Abbess Hildegard von Bingen and some of her historical and fictionalised contemporaries.
The libretto is constructed from texts by Hildegard and others, woven together with linking material to form a picture of the abbess and her interlocutors, not as immortalised and sanctified figurines but as deeply human figures whose situations and emotions reflect universal human concerns – love, loss, the fear of death and transcendence of misfortune
"It was Jamaican style, and they didn't have anything like that in England": an oral history of self-fashioning
No full textWhen my father, Barrington Young, arrived in Britain in 1954, he bought with him a distinct style. Jamaican creolized styling, the merging of British/European fashions with African aesthetics provided the basis for styling practices which are uniquely Jamaican. In this chapter, I consider my father as a case study, utilizing oral histories, life stories and personal photographs to demonstrate the importance of style-fashion-dress for the displaced migrants that have become known in Britain as the Windrush Generation. I argue that he actively rejected examples of English men’s fashion to stand out and set himself apart and in doing so he resisted dominant narratives about West Indian men. With his refusal to shrink into the background, West Indian men like my father broke established rules and introduced British men to beautiful, bright, original, and sexy clothing in Britain’s drab towns. Their clothing may have been seen as odd in Britain’s fashion landscape, but to migrants like Barrington, clothing was a serious business. His style-fashion-dress sustained him and maintained him whilst chasing the promise of a better life
Temporalities, dependency, and the politics of marriage migration
No full textAs states have increasingly restricted family migrations and questioned the authenticity and genuineness of relationships, diverse temporal conditionalities have been imposed in the past decade on crossing borders and acquiring residence. Time periods have been stipulated for demonstrating proof of resources, not being reliant on welfare benefits, for the couple remaining together and prolonging the time taken by the spouse to obtain independence. Whilst most attention has been paid to the impact of socio-economic demands for entry and residence, the negative experiences of dependency faced by marriage migrants, and especially women, has been understudied. During this time a number of states in Europe) have extended the period lasting as long as 5 years in which the spouse is tied to the sponsor. In this chapter we focus on the implications of prolonged dependency or the aptly named probationary period in the UK, during which women in particular may be entrapped in failing relationships and domestic violence and thus with the threat of deportation. In order to unpack the lived experiences of prolonged dependency inscribed in the UK family migration regime, we mobilise border theories to explain how internal borders operate to extend and institutionalise dependency as a mode of control
Gender in migration aspirations and decision-making, trajectories and policies
No full textThis paper looks at recent discussions on how social norms, culture and class intersect with gender to influence migration decisions, with a focus on Africa. By doing so, it seeks to answer how individual characteristics and institutions influence gendered migration decisions. It pulls together evidence exploring four assumptions about gendered migration decisions: about rationality in migration, discrimination and migration, women vulnerability, and human agency in migration trajectories. It lays the basis for empirical research focused on gendered migration decisions in Kenya, Morocco, Nigeria and Senegal, paying particular attention to the social norms that govern gender relations and affect migration decision-making
Human vs machine: a systematic review with meta-analysis on the effectiveness of the LUCAS device vs manual compressions on the survival rates of patients who experience out-of-hospital cardiac arrests
No full textBackground:
Manual compression during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) can be arduous, especially for out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCA), as ambulance personnel resources are limited, which can lead to rescuer fatigue. In 2003, the LUCAS compression device was introduced to replace manual compression, thus increasing the rate of adequate chest compressions given during CPR whilst also decreasing the amount of hands-off time, promoting more effective perfusion.
Objective:
To determine if a patient who received mechanical compression from a LUCAS device had a higher chance of surviving an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest than a patient who received manual compression.
Methods:
Using PubMed and Cochrane databases, we searched for random controlled trial studies published in the last twenty years that compare the survival rates of patients who experienced an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and received either LUCAS device compression or manual compression.
Results:
• 22 studies were identified through database searches and other sources
• 11 studies remaining once duplicates had been removed.
• A total of 11 studies were screened for eligibility, resulting in 6 studies being removed from the review.
• 1 study was removed due to being out of scope, leaving a total of 4 studies included for meta-analysis.
• The subsequent forest plot gave a p-value of 0.18 (RR 1.04 95% CI [0.98, 1.11]).
Conclusion:
There is no significant statistical difference between the survival rates of patients who experienced an out-of-hospital cardiac arrest and received either LUCAS compression or manual compression. However, more research is needed across larger populations over more extended periods due to the limitations of current research data
Telling story: the carrier bag theory of fiction as a means of researching-with children
No full textThis chapter will explore the (idealistic but not utopian) idea of reciprocal arts education practice as a means of ‘researching-with’ children. From the etymology of reciprocus (based on re- ‘back’ + pro- ‘forward’), it will move backward and forward in time as a reciprocal method arguing for postdevelopmental, agential observations in practice research, looking closely and critically at the author’s experiences of working collaboratively with children, proposing creative method and artwork as ‘ontological relationality’ (Braidotti, 2013) and research outcome.
This chapter owes a debt to the encouragement and support of colleague Jayne Osgood, who, with Red Ruby Scarlet and Miriam Giugni (2015) argued the case for posthumanist research to be seen as ‘theory and method and art’. Reflecting on experimental, arts-based inquiry, concerned with how ‘the vitality of matter, affect, discourse, bodies (human and non-human) and place “intra-act” in assemblages … for what might be questioned, shared, politicized and transformed’, they seek not to pose solutions or conclusions but ‘rather to create a space to encourage halting conversations about gender that transmute and reconstitute irreducible details along lines of continuation, interruption and reformulation’ (Osgood et al., 2015, p. 357). I will argue that forms of this Baradian ‘response-ability’ can be enacted by storying through socially engaged arts practices of dialogue, photography and education resource-making...
Away from the ancestral home: utopia and philosophy in Bloch and beyond
No full textErnst Bloch was credited by Adorno with having restored dignity to the idea of utopia in a century that saw modernity end in barbaric totalitarianism. In Bloch’s philosophy the sociopolitical origins of utopian thinking (Plato and especially More) form no more than the historically contingent starting point for an exploration of utopian motifs in all areas of human activity and even in the natural world. This chapter explores what happens to our conception of philosophy and philosophical method when we follow the expansive notion of utopia that animates Bloch’s work. The consequence is a radical reorientation in thought, which provides signposts for contemporary modes of thought that inherit and transform the cultural institution called ‘philosophy’. This chapter, therefore, is as much a study of the disruptive idea of utopia in modern philosophy as an exercise in utopian thinking
Provectories: embedding-based analysis of interaction provenance data
Get PDFUnderstanding user behavior patterns and visual analysis strategies is a long-standing challenge. Existing approaches rely largely on time-consuming manual processes such as interviews and the analysis of observational data. While it is technically possible to capture a history of user interactions and application states, it remains difficult to extract and describe analysis strategies based on interaction provenance. In this article, we propose a novel visual approach to the meta-analysis of interaction provenance. We capture single and multiple user sessions as graphs of high-dimensional application states. Our meta-analysis is based on two different types of two-dimensional embeddings of these high-dimensional states: layouts based on (i) topology and (ii) attribute similarity. We applied these visualization approaches to synthetic and real user provenance data captured in two user studies. From our visualizations, we were able to extract patterns for data types and analytical reasoning strategies
